SENSE ORGAN

Yu an, Karry, Eun Chae, Calista

01 Define sense organ
Karry
Define sense organ
Our sense organs help in assimilating the
knowledge of the world around us. Each
of our sense organs has a distinct
function to perform.

Sense organs consist of receptors, which

are specialized sensitive cells associated
The five with ending of sensory nerve fibres.
sense organ These receptors are stimulated by objects
outside the body and also by internal
conditions.
Structure and
function of eyes
Karry 02
 Sclera
Structure of eyes Ciliary muscle Choroid

Iris
Retina
Pupil Fovea centralis

Cornea Blind spot

Optic nerve
Lens
Blood vessels
Suspensory ligament
 Function of the parts of the eye
Cornea Iris Lens
Transparent lens that Controls how much light Transparent disc that can
refracts light as it enter enters the pupil change shape to focus
the eve. light onto the retina.

Retina Optic nerve Pupil

Contains light receptor Sensory neuron that
cells - rods (detect light carries impulses between Hole that allows light to
light intensity and cones the eye and the brain. enter the eve
detect color

Suspensory ligaments Ciliary muscles

Hold lens in place Change shape of the lens
Explanation of
pupil reflex
Yu An
03
 Explanation of pupil reflex
Stimulus Radial Circular Pupil Amount
muscles muscles size of light
enters
The Pupil Reflex
Bright Relaxed Contracted Narrow Less
● This is a reflex action carried out to protect light
the retina from damage in bright light and
protect us from not seeing objects in dim Dark light Contracted Relaxed Wide More
light

● In dim light the pupil dilates (widens) in order

to allow as much light into the eye as
possible

● In bright light the pupil constricts (narrows) in

order to prevent too much light entering the
eye and damaging the retina
 Control of light
04 intensity Calista
 Control of light intensity
● Sunlight is composed of a full spectrum of energy that includes visible light, ultraviolet
(UV) light, and infrared (IR) light.
● Neither UV nor IR light is visible to the human eye, but exposure to UV light can increase
risk of damage to the eye.
● Exposure to sunlight in moderation is healthy. However, the longer your eyes are exposed
to UV light, and the greater the intensity the light, the higher risk of you developing an eye
deterioration which can lead to partial or complete blindness.
● There are several eye diseases that can be caused by too much exposure to sunlight, such
as : Cataracts, Corneal Sunburn and Eyelid Cancer.
 05
Accommodation
Kim Eunchae
Kim Eunchae

Accommodation
● Accommodation refers to an adjustment
or adaptation. For example, the
adjustment of the eye for various
distances resulting in pupil constriction.
The eye increases optical power to
produce clear image of an object.
● Accommodation is the process in which
the eyes see objects at different
distances and maintain clear images of
the objects by the convergence and
divergence of light. This phenomenon of
the eyes adjusting from seeing the
second target from double to single
within seconds is due to the eyes'
change in optical power.
Thanks