THE TWELVE IMAMS

First Islamic community

Descendants of the H oly Pr ophet [pbuh]
Paper 1, Q uestion 4/5
What is Imamat
◦ A divine system to protect Deen
◦ Second highest rank for man bestowed by Allah Himself
◦ The worldly rule is the right of Imam
◦ Still Imamat does not need any territory
◦ It Is the right of blood line of the Holy prophet [pbuh] only
◦ Imamat could not be given or taken away, it is divine
The Imams are
◦ Hazrat Ali [r.a]
◦ Hazrat Hassan [r.a]
◦ Hazrat Hussain [r.a]
◦ Imam Zain ul Abideen [r.a]
◦ Imam Muhammad al-Baqir [r.a]
◦ Imam J’afar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq [r.a]
◦ Imam Musa ibn J’afar Kazim [r.a]
◦ Imam Ali ibn Musa al-Raza [r.a]
◦ Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Taqi [r.a]
◦ Imam Ali ibn Muhammad Naqi [r.a]
◦ Imam Hassan ibn Ali Askari [r.a]
◦ Imam Muhammad Mahdi [r.a] al muntazar
4.Imam Zain-ul-Abideen
◦ Ali ibn Hussain [r.a]
◦ Born in 36 A.H
◦ His mother was the Daughter of Yazdgird
◦ Survived at Karbala due to sickness
◦ Brought to Damascus and sent to madinah
◦ by the order of the Umayyad Caliph, `Abdul Malik, he was chained and sent from Madina to Damascus
and then back to Madina
◦ Sahifah Sajjadiyyah
◦ Died in 83 A.H. [Shia traditions state he was poisoned]
5.Hazrat Imam Muhammad Baqir [r.a]
◦ Born in 57 A.H. / 675 A.D. in Madina
◦ His mother was Fatima, the daughter of Hazrat Imam Hasan [r.a]
◦ contemporary of four Umayyad Caliphs
◦ He is an exception who was not tortured, imprisoned, humiliated or maltreated at the hands of the ruling
clan as others invariably were
◦ a highly learned person
◦ He died in 114 A.H
6.Hazrat Imam Jafar Sadiq [r.a]
◦ was born in 83 A.H
◦ was the son of the fifth Imam
His Imamat was for a period of 34 years
◦ The Abasid caliphate began in his time
◦ The political climate was very suitable in his time in the beginning
◦ His most famous student are Zararah, Muhammad ibn Muslim, Hisham ibn Hakam, Aban bin Taghlib,
Sufyan Sawri, Abu Hanifah (the founder of the Hanfi School of law), Qazi Sukuni and Qazi Abul-
Bakhtari
◦ Later he was persecuted during the caliphates of Hisham, Saffah and Mansoor at Demascus
◦ He was allowed to return to Madinah and later poisoned in 140 A.H. / 757 A.D
7. Hazrat Imam Musa Kazim [r.a]
◦ Born in 128 A.H. / 744 A.D
◦ He was contemporary with the Abbasaid Caliphs Mansoor, Hadi, Mehdi and Haroon
◦ He mostly lived in hiding, until Caliph Haroon got him arrested while he was praying in
the Mosque of the Holy Prophet (PBUH)
◦ He died in Baghdad in 183 A.H. in the prison through poisoning in the city of Kazmiyah
◦ The period of his Imamat lasted for 35 years
◦ He was very pious, knowledgeable, generous, brave, noble and a dignified person
◦ His titles are al-kazim and Abd-al-Salih
◦ He used to recite the Holy Quran and pray for long hours. It is reported that he died while in a state of
prostration
 Home work
QUESTION

◦ Give a detailed account of the lives of any two of the following [10]
◦ Imam Muhammad Baqir
◦ Imam Jafar al-Sadiq
◦ Imam Musa kazim

Due on Tuesday 14/4/2020