TRANSLATION PROCEDURE

GROUP 4
● Afni Wenty Hura
● Elfitria Junita
● Fitri Heldayeti
● Haura Nadya
● Maysarah
● Miftahul Fitria
● Rada Febriani
● Sania Rahma Burmayana
● Sarah Febrianti
● Tiara altaresta
 PROCEDURE TRANSLATION

PROCEDURE PROCEDURE
TRANSLATION 1 TRANSLATION 2

TRANSFERENCE NATURALIZATION CULTURAL EQUIVALENT

TRANSLATION PROCEDURE BY
DIRECT A MORE GENERAL WORDS PARAPHRASE
TRANSLATION
CONTEXTUAL
LITERlAL CONDITIONING TRANSPOSITION
TRANSLATION
TRANSLATION BY CULTURAL
SUBSTATITUTION
CALQUE
MODULATION

FOREIGNIZATION RECOGNIZATION
 Afni Wenty Hura

TRANSFERENCE Transference Example :

In translating novels, TSu TSa

Newmark (1988) argues Having important phone Milikilah nomor telepon
that transference numbers nearby for you penting untuk anda dan anak
procedures are taken to and your children. Numbers anak anda. Nomor yang harus
present TSu local colors, to have are the police, dimiliki adalah nomor polisi,
attract readers' interest and hotlines, friends and the hotline, teman dan tempat
create intimacy between the local shelter. perlindungan lokal.
reader and the text he
reads. It can be said that
Said hotline is maintained to provide TSu local color. In addition, if
the procedure is the last
it continues to be translated, it is feared that the translation will be
option if other procedures
distorted because the equivalent for that word is rarely used by the
cannot provide a solution to
BSa community.
the problem at hand.
 Elfitria Junita

Direct Translation

The translation is similar to transference, but it is usually

used in translating acronyms, institutions’ name,
trademark, companys’, and title (film, song or writing)
Examples

1. NASA is going to send an ape to Mars. TSu

- Nasa akan mengirim seekor monyet ke Mars. TSa

- Badan Antariksa Amerika, NASA, akan mengirim seekor monyet ke
Mars. TSa

1. When in Vancouver, Jane bought some Toblerones produced by Kraft

Foods at Pacific Center. TSu

Ketika di Kanada, Jane membeli beberapa batang coklat Toblerone

yang diproduksi oleh Kraft Foods di Pacific Center. TSa
 Fitri Heldayeti

Literal Translation

The literal translation procedure by Newmark is categorized as a

translation method, namely translation that refers to BSu. Literal
translation procedures are used in translating text, especially when the
translator is unable to understand TSu. In the literal translation
procedure, the translator matches the word TSu with TSa directly or
word-for-word which in Latin is called verbum pro verbo. And meaning
is neglected.

Example :
BSu
She flashed him a brave look and replied,
"I'd never go back. There might be
butterflies in my stomach, but I can’t turn
back now. We're having an adventure.
Who knows what we'll see once we get
there. Why, there might be ogres and
giants under the stairs, but there could be
fairies and elves as well. You juşt never k
1ow."
Fitri Heldayeti
BSa
la sekilas menatap wajah Pak Jeremiah
dengan berani dan menjawab, "Aku enggak
akan pernah kembali. Perutku mulas karena
tegang, tapi aku enggak boleh kembali. Kita
sedang berpetualang. Enggak ada yang tahu
apa yang akan kita dapati begitu sampai di
sana. Wah, mungkin ada monster dan
raksasa di bawah tangga, tapi mungkin juga
ada peri dan bidadari. Bapak enggak akan
pernah tahu."
 CALQUE

This technique is a literal translation of a foreign

phrase lexically or structurally. It is used for
translating morpheme of a language into another
equivalent morpheme in another language.
 Source Text Target Text
Weekend Akhir pekan
Secretariat general Sekretaris jendral
Directorate general Direktorat jendral
Vice president Wakil presiden
1.
Literal translation procedures that follow the structure of the target language
Source Text Target Text
This software is still new Perangkat lunak ini masih baru

2.
Literal translation procedures follow the structure of the source language. Thus a new structure is introduced to the
target language

Source Text Target Text

Cn you show me where Holland Bisakah Mbak tunjukin ke saya di
Bank is? mana Holland Bank?
 Maysarah
Foreignization

Purpose (Skopos) Ideology

Vermeer in Venuti' (2000) states that

According to Hoed
skopos is a specific, complex goal
(2008), Ideology in
whose textual realization (target text)
translation is a principle or
can be very different from the source belief about right or wrong
text because it aims to fulfill its in translation
conformity with the target reader.

TSu
EVIDENCE FROM EGYPT
Napoleon's troops invaded Egypt in 1798
and brought back mummies found in the
pyramids Among these was a mummified
ibis, and Cuvier was jubiliant to find
that its skeleton was the same as that of
a living ibis. He claimed that absence of
change as evidence that Lamarck was
wrong and that evaluation did not occur.
Maysarah
Tsa
BUKTI DARI MESIR
Tentara Napoleon menyerbu Mesir pada tahun
1798 dan membawa pulang mumi-mumi yang
ditemukan di dalam piramid. ibis, Di antara mumi-
mumi ini terdapat seekor burung kuntul yang
dijadikan murni, dan Cuvier sangat gembira
rnenemukan bahwa tengkorak burung kuntul
tersebut sama dengan tengkorak burung kuntul
yang masih hidup. Ia menganggap tidak adanya
perubahan ini sebagai bukti bahwa pendapat
Lamarck salah dan bahwa evolusi tidak pemah
terjadi.

Tsu
EVIDENCE FROM EGYPT
Napoleon's troops invaded Egypt in
1798 and brought back mummies
found in the pyramids Among these
was a mummified ibis, and Cuvier
was jubiliant to find that its skeleton
was the same as that of a living ibis.
He claimed that absence of change
as evidence that Lamarck was
wrong and that evaluation did not
occur.
Maysarah
Tsa
BUKTI DARI MESIR
Tentara Napoleon menyerbu Mesir pada
tahun 1798 dan mengambil mumi-mumi yang
ditemukan di dalam piramid. ibis, Di antara
mumi-mumi ini terdapat seekor burung kuntul
yang dijadikan murni, dan Cuvier sangat
gembira menenemukan bahwa tengkorak
burung kuntul tersebut sama dengan
tengkorak burung kuntul yang masih hidup. Ia
menganggap tidak adanya perubahan ini
sebagai bukti bahwa pendapat Lamarck salah
dan bahwa evolusi tidak pemah terjadi.
 The approach of
ideology

Audience Design Need Analysis

Maysarah
 Miftahul Fitria
Naturalization
Naturalization is a change or adjustment of the pronunciation of a foreign word
with the target language (Newmark, 1988).
For Example:

Source Text Target Text

Hey there, i’m Danila James for Hai, saya Danila James untuk
About.com, and today i’m going to About.com, hari ini saya akan
show you how to eat spaghetti property. menunjukkan bagaimana caranya
Without getting sauce all over your makan spageti dengan benar, tanpa
face, that is. meninggalkan saus menempel di muka
anda.
 Miftahul
Fitria
In translating informal texts or fictional texts, naturalization can be done to create
intimacy between the speakers.
For Example:

Source Text Target Text

Cora could feel herself beginning to Cora bisa merasakan kalau wajahnya
blush. memerah.
“ I don’t complain. i’m just not ready “Aku ga komplen. Aku hanya
to commit to a serious relationship.” belum siap untuk komit pada sebuah
hubungan yang serius.”
 Miftahul Fitria
Translation Procedure by a More General Words

To bridge translation differences, Baker (1992) suggests a translation procedure by a more

general words and according to him this procedure is the most commonly used strategy as a
solution.
For Example:

Source Text Target Text

Jason is wearing a pullover because he Jason memakai baju hangat karena
is not feeling well. tidak sehat.

Tree diagram :
Baju Hangat

Jaket Mantel

Sweater Pullover
 Contextual Conditioning
(Penerjemah Tambahan)
RADA FEBRIANI

contextual conditioning serves to explain something that is

not understood by the target reader (Hoed, 2006).

Source text Target text

Only patients with a damaged right prefrontal
cortex didn’t get the humor at all. the patients still
appreciated the slapstick, though. All this mean is
that the right frontal humor muscle is exercised only
during so-called thoughtful forms of humor.
Hanya pasien yang mengalami cedera pada prefrontal
cortex, otak bagian depan, yang tidak dapat memahami
humor itu sama sekali. Namun, pasien tersebut masih dapat
mengenali lelucon kasar. Hal itu berarti bahwa urat humor
kanan bagian depan akan bekerja hanya selama apa yang
dinamakan bentuk lelucon yang membutuhkan pemikiran.
 RADA FEBRIANI
Translation by cultural substitution

(Penerjemah dengan penyulihan budaya)

Translation by cultural substitution More

intended to create a common reaction between the
source and target readers on the meaning they
understand (Bakery, 1992).

Source Text Target Text

“Mr Bosnan, can you stop for a while? I “ Pak Paul, bisa berhenti sebentar ? Aku
think I need to buy something in that shop,” rasa aku perlu membeli sesuatu di toko itu,
Jessica said ujar Jessica

“ Very well, little darling. But don’t you think “ Baiklah nona manis. Tapi, bukankah kita
we must hurry to catch up the train?” Mr. harus bergegas untuk segera sampai di
Brosnan replied stasiun?” jawab Pak Paul
n SANIA RAHMAH BURMAYANA

According to Vinay and Darbelnet (2001) modulation is the change in

the equivalent in a systematic way and different points of view.

Budiman (2008) State that modulation occurs because of cultural

differences which in turn 'regulate' the point of view of the culture-
supporting community in seeing things.

SOURCE TEXT (ST) TARGET TEXT (TT)

1. I always bring a box of tea bags 1. Saya selalu membawa sekotak

wherever I go because I am used teh celup kemanapun saya pergi
to drinking a cop of tea in the karena saya terbiasa minum
morning and in the evening. secangkir teh pada pagi dan
malam hari.
 SOURCE TEXT (ST) TARGET TEXT (TT)

2. (...) is subject to European 2. (...) dikenakan hukum

Union Law on Data Privacy. perlindungan data Uni Eropa.

3. New York City is home to 3. Kota New York adalah tempat

more skyscrapers than any gedung-gedung menjulang tinggi
other city in the world. yang jumlahnya lebih banyak dari
kota mana pun di dunia.
 SANIA RAHMAH
Recognized Translation BURMAYANA

Recognized Translation is taken if there is already an equivalent that is widely

accepted and is used officially in the target language. A translator must be sensitive
and pay attention to or correctly recognize the target language culture integrally .

EXAMPLE:

- ILO (International Labor Organization) → OPI (Organisasi Pekerja Internasional)--> x (wrong)

ILO → OBI
OBI(Organisasi Buruh International) v (correct)
- UNO (United Nations Organization) → OSBB (Organisasi Satuan Bangsa-Bangsa) it is wrong (x)
UNO → PBB
PBB (Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa) it is correct (v)
 Sarah Febrianti
Cultural Equivalent

According to Newmark, (1988:83) Replacing a

cultural word in the SL with a TL one.

However,“They are not accurate”

Sarah Febrianti
Example

Source Text (ST) Target Text (TT)

Tatyana Yakovleva is a Tatyana Yakovleva adalah

member of Duma. Now she anggota DPR. Sekarang
serves as Chair of the
menjabat sebagai ketua
Committee on health.
Komisi Kesehatan.
 Sarah Febrianti
Paraphrase

According to Newmark (1988:91) In this

procedure the meaning of the CBT (Culture-
bound term) is explained.
Sarah Febrianti
Example
Source Text (ST)
In Europe brain drain was
occurring in twostages. First was the
migration of workers from the
Southeastern Europe and Eastern
Europe to the Western Europe.
Target Text (TT)
Di Eropa pelarian tenaga ahli
terdidik dan terampil ke luar negeri
terjadi dalam dua tahap. Pertama
adalah imigrasinya para pekerja dari
Eropa Tenggara dan Eropa Timur ke
Eropa Barat.
 Tiara Altaresta Gultom

TRANSPOSITION
Transposition is the first technique or step towards oblique translation. It operates at the
grammatical level and it consists of the replacement of a word class by another word class
without changing the meaning. What is the most important is to choose the form that best fits
to the context.
 Tiara Altaresta Gultom

1. Transposition occurs by the system and the rules of the language.

plural to singular.

SL: a pair of glasses

TL: sepasang kacamata

2. Transposition occurs because a SL grammatical structure does not exist in the TL.
Verbs placement in the front of a sentence in Indonesian language that is unusual to
the English sentence structure.So, the equivalent uses regular sentence structure.

SL: Its usage has been approved.

TL: Telah disahkan penggunaannya
 Tiara Altaresta Gultom

3. Transposition occurs because the one where literal translation is

grammatically possible but may not accord with natural usage in the TL.

SL: to train intellectual men for the pursuits of an intellectual life = noun phrase
TL: untuk melatih para intelekual untuk mengejar kehidupan intelektual = verb

4. Unit transposition from word into phrase, and phrase into clause that usually
occurs in separated words translation.

SL: The man with blue jacket is Mr. Green. = phrase

TL: Laki-laki yang memakai jaket biru adalah Tuan Green = clause