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PENGUJIAN TARIK
Oleh :
Farid Widi Arfika
2406 100 013
Teknik Fisika
Fakultas Teknologi Industri
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Surabaya
Tujuan Uji Tarik
Pengujian tarik bertujuan untuk mengetahui
sifat-sifat mekanik dan perubahan
perubahannya
Definisi Stress – Strain
Load, P
Engineering Stress
L/2
P
S
Lo Area
Ao
Ao
L
e
Lo
L/2
P Engineering Strain
h f ho
LAT
ho
Lf Lo
AX
Lo
RANGES
Shear Stress
G
Shear Strain
E
G , G
2(1 )
Engineering Stress-Strain Curve
Elongation
Sy
0.2% offset
yield stress
Engineering Stress, S=P/Ao
E (Ultimate)
Su
E
Proportional Limit
tegangan ultimate
D
tegangan luluh
limit proporsional .A B C
E
O
luluh atau Strani Necking
daerah plastis hardening
linier sempurna
11
– Mulai dari O ke A = garis lurus berarti linier atau
proporsional disebut modulus elastisitas
E (Ultimate)
Su
E
Proportional Limit
Au - 130 45
Al 28 69 45
Cu 69 200 45
Fe 130 262 45
Ni 138 480 40
Ti 240 330 30
Mo 565 655 35
Elastic and Plastic Strain
P (e,S)
e ee e p
S
ee
E
Stress
e p e ee
Total Strain
The 0.2% offset yield stress
is the stress that gives a plastic
Plastic
Strain (permanent) strain of 0.002.
Elastic
ep ee
Ductile Vs Brittle Materials
• Ductile if EL%>8% (approximately)
• Brittle if EL% < 5% (approximately)
AX X
B C
X
Engineering Stress
D X
Brittle Ductile
A&B C&D
Engineering Strain
Keuletan (Ductility) - EL% & AR%
• Elongation
L f Lo
EL% x 100
Lo Lo
Lf
• Area Reduction
Ao
Ao A f Af
AR% x 100
Ao
Brittle Materials
Su
Sy
Engineering Stress, S=P/Ao
ef
U t S de
o
( S y S u ) EL%
2 100
Sy Su
Engineering Stress, S=P/Ao
ey X
Ur S de
o
Sy e y
E
2
Sy 2
2E
ey
Engineering Strain, e = DL/Lo)
Tegangan sejati , regangan sejati
(true stress, true strain)
Perbandingan antara kurva tegangan-regangan
rekayasa dan sesungguhnya dari baja karbon
rendah (mild steel)
Mode Perpatahan Material
Perpatahan Ulet
Extensometer
Measures DL
Typical Universal
Testing Machine
Modern Materials Testing System
Hydraulic
Wedge
Grips
Specimen
Extensometer
ASTM Tension Test Specimen
Ao=0.20 in2
0.505" Dia
2” Gauge Length
Lo
Typical Mechanical Properties
Metals in annealed (soft) condition