N5 Quantity Surveying

Quantity Surveying
N5
Module 1: Quantity surveyor’s role and
responsibilities
INTRODUCTION
A quantity surveyor is a professional person and is an essential construction
accountant, who manages the financial costs and contracts within
construction industry.
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Module 1: Quantity surveyor’s role and responsibilities (continued)
ROLE OF THE PRIVATE OR PUBLIC QUANTITY SURVEYOR

The quantity surveyor who works in the private or public sector is an
important member of the design team and is involved in on-site work pre-
contract preparation as well as having certain post-contract duties.
ROLE OF THE CONTRACTOR’S QUANTITY SURVEYOR

The quantity surveyor who works for a contractor’s company is an important
member of the construction team and is tasked with duties such as
preparating the tender price, documents, negotiating contract, assessing
work-in progress, and preparing monthly valuations.
VALUATION FOR INTERIM CERTIFICATES

One of the duties of a quantity surveyor is preparing an interim valuation,
which is a pre-cursor to the issue of an interim certificate. The certificate is a
mechanism for the client to make an interim or stage payment to the
contractor. The interim valuation is a detailed breakdown, generally prepared
by the contractor’s quantity surveyor.
VARIATION AND VARIATION ACCOUNT

It generally happens that during the course of a building project certain
changes to the design or specifications are required. These changes are
referred to as ‘variations’. Variations are taken into account when preparing
valuations, especially if considerable savings or extras have arisen, to avoid
serious over-payment or under payment to the contractor that could occur.
FINAL ACCOUNT
The preparation of the final account is the process whereby the contract sum
is adjusted to take into account all items that may have arisen during the
course of the contract, such as variations, savings, extra work, etc. so as to
reflect the final cost of the works.
Module 2: Fence, garden or boundary walls
INTRODUCTION
Fence walls built of brick or blocks are erected on strip foundations. Piers or
pilasters are usually used to strengthen the wall in cases where the wall is
straight with no corners or bends, and also for decorative purposes. The top
of the wall is usually finished off with brick, dressed stone or precast copings.
Module 2: Fence, garden or boundary walls (continued)
ITEMS TO BE MEASURED
• Site clearance; • Carting away surplus • Pier caps;
• Excavation; excavation material; • Backfilling;
• Risk of collapse; • Brick wall; • Facing;
• Keeping excavation • Brick piers; • Plaster; and
free of water; • Pilaster; • Damp proof course.
• Concrete; • Coping;
Module 2: Fence, garden or boundary walls (continued)
CURVED WALL
A curved wall is like the arc of a circle sector, therefore to calculate its length,
the following formula used to calculate the length of the arc is used:
Module 3: Foundation and superstructure
INTRODUCTION
The term ‘foundation’ refers to the concrete footing and foundation wall; both
of these forms the substructure. The concrete footing is the part of a building,
situated below ground level, which is in direct contact with the ground. The
foundation wall is the wall below the damp proof course.
Module 3: Foundation and superstructure (continued)
MEASURING FOUNDATION TRENCHES AND CONCRETE

It is important to bear in mind that the given dimensions are based on the
walls, thus when measuring trench excavation and concrete for foundation,
special attention should be paid to parts where the walls intersect as this is
where the passing occurs when measuring foundation trench excavation and
concrete.
Module 4: Basements
INTRODUCTION
A basement is part of a building that is partly or completely below ground
level. The walls of a basement typically form the foundation. The walls can
either two brick-walls or reinforced concrete as an inner wall and a brick wall
outer wall etc. with a damp proof layer between them.
Module 4: Basements (continued)
MEASURING
The measurement a basement has more items than an ordinary dwelling
strip foundation less than a metre below ground level. Items such as the
hole, working space, depth category, which now exceeds 2 m, and vertical
D.P.C etc. are included.
Module 5: Levelling of uneven ground
INTRODUCTION
Levelling of uneven or sloping ground, also known as open face excavation
means reducing an open stand/plot to a required level, which is done by
cutting from ground higher than the required level and filling the ground
below the required level.
Module 5: Levelling of uneven ground (continued)
MEASUREMENT
Measurement of open face excavation is done without any division in terms
of depth. The plot is divided into areas with the existing ground level at each
corner. The average ground level of each area calculated, the required
reduced level is then subtracted from the average ground level to determine
if the area is a cut or fill.
Module 6: Beams, slabs and columns
INTRODUCTION
Reinforced concrete structure consists of the bases (foundation), columns,
beams and slabs. All these elements are constructed with concrete and steel
bars and are designed by a registered civil engineer, who determines the
strength and concrete mix including the number and diameter of steel bars
required.
Module 6: Beams, slabs and columns (continued)
CLAUSES RELATING TO TRADES INVOLVED

• Earthworks Clauses: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 14.
• Concrete, formwork and reinforcement: Clauses: 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13,
14 and 15.
Module 6: Beams, slabs and columns (continued)
MEASURING REINFORCEMENT OF CONRETE STRUCTURES

The engineer draws up a bending schedule for the reinforcement of each
structural element and it is the responsibility of the quantity surveyor to
include reinforcement in the Bills of Quantities to be price by the tenderer. If
the information is not provided, an approximate value for the reinforcement is
provide in the form of a provisional sum, which is adjusted at the end of the
contract when the final account calculated.
Module 7: Roofs
INTRODUCTION
A roof, whether flat or pitched, are divided, is divided into the following
sections for measurement:
• Roof construction. • Rainwater goods.
• Roof covering. • Chimney stack adjustments.
• Treatment at eaves. • Roof light adjustments.
Module 7: Roofs (continued)
ROOF STRUCTURE
Roof structure is essentially the frame that is constructed at the top of a
building. The structure consists of a series of trusses, beams and rafters that
give the roof its shape, and upon which the roof covering is laid on.
DETERMINING TRUE LENGTHS OF THE ROOF MEMBERS

The true length of roof member can be determined by means of the following
methods:
• Scaling: In this method the lengths are scaled from the drawing according
to the scale of the drawing.
• Calculation: The method uses trigonometric functions to calculate the
lengths of the rafters.
SCALING DIMENSIONS OF ROOF TRUSS MEMBERS

The drawing can either be given or drawing during taking off and the
dimensions scaled from the drawing. The front elevation of the rafters and
the geometric construction of the hip are necessary.
CALCULATING DIMENSIONS OF THE ROOF TRUSS MEMBERS

The length of the common rafter is calculated as follows:
Module 8: Doors and window openings
MEASURING THE TIMBER DOORS AND THE ADJUSTMENTS

Timber doors and the adjustments are measured according to the following
measuring list:
• Door (as a whole). • Door frame.
• Paint to door. • Paint to door frame.
• Ironmongery. • Adjustments.
Module 8: Doors and window openings (continued)
MEASURING THE TIMBER WINDOWS AND THE ADJUSTMENTS

Measurement of the window is similar to that of the door in that in both the
frame timber is measured linear and just like in door measurement, the
casement or fanlight is measured as a whole. There are different types of
timber windows: some have casement(s) only and some have casement(s)
and fanlight.
Module 9: Plumbing and drainage
INTRODUCTION
Plumbing is the system that brings clean water into a dwelling. Drainage is
a system carries unwanted water or waste fluids away from the dwelling.
There are two systems drainage: the manhole system (tradition system) and
rodding iron system.
Module 9: Plumbing and drainage (continued)
CLAUSES RELATING TO TRADES INVOLVED

• Earthworks Clause: 6.
• Masonry Clause: 5.
• Plastering Clause: 3.
• Concrete, formwork and reinforcement Clause: 2.
• Plumbing and drainage Clauses: 4, 5, 9, 10, 12 and 13.
MANHOLE DRAINAGE SYSTEM

This is system that has manholes as access points to an underground
drainage system. These access points are necessary the cleaning, clearing
and inspection at of the drainage system at will.
RODDING IRON DRAINAGE SYSTEM

This is system that has rodding eye as access point to an underground
drainage system, for cleaning, clearing and inspection of the drainage
system. The rodding eye is located at the head of the drain or intermediate
position.
Module 10: Fireplaces and chimneys
INTRODUCTION
The measurement of the fireplace involves the following:
• Grate and fret, which is measured as a P.C sum item.
• Hearth.
• Chimney breast.
• Chimney stack.
• Flue.

N5 Quantity Surveying

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N5 Quantity Surveying

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Quantity Surveying

ROLE OF THE PRIVATE OR PUBLIC QUANTITY SURVEYOR

ROLE OF THE CONTRACTOR’S QUANTITY SURVEYOR

VALUATION FOR INTERIM CERTIFICATES

VARIATION AND VARIATION ACCOUNT

MEASURING FOUNDATION TRENCHES AND CONCRETE

CLAUSES RELATING TO TRADES INVOLVED

MEASURING REINFORCEMENT OF CONRETE STRUCTURES

DETERMINING TRUE LENGTHS OF THE ROOF MEMBERS

SCALING DIMENSIONS OF ROOF TRUSS MEMBERS

CALCULATING DIMENSIONS OF THE ROOF TRUSS MEMBERS

MEASURING THE TIMBER DOORS AND THE ADJUSTMENTS

MEASURING THE TIMBER WINDOWS AND THE ADJUSTMENTS

CLAUSES RELATING TO TRADES INVOLVED

MANHOLE DRAINAGE SYSTEM

RODDING IRON DRAINAGE SYSTEM

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