Past Perfect

Progressive

Group 9

Lutsi C. Nur (11)

Dhaula Azizah (19)
“ 1. Definition
2. Functions
3. Examples
4. Quiz
1. Definition

The past perfect continuous tense (also known as the past perfect
progressive tense) shows that an action that started in the past
continued up until another time in the past.

The past perfect continuous tense is constructed using had been +

the verb’s present participle (root + -ing).

Unlike the present perfect continuous, which indicates an action that

began in the past and continued up to the present, the past perfect
continuous is a verb tense that indicates something that began in the
past, continued in the past, and also ended at a defined point in the
past. (However, the duration does not continue until now, it stops
before something else in the past.)

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2. Functions

To express an activity in Indirect Speech To show the cause of past

a progress in the past action

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1. To express an activity in a progress in the past

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Past perfect progressive vs past progressive

▪ When the kids came, ▪ When the kids came,

their mom had been their mom was waiting.
waiting for three hours.

It emphasizes the process It emphasizes what

of the action before the happened when the
interruption. It shows interruption occured. It
continuity and duration. shows only continuity.

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2. Indirect Speech
▪ Direct speech : “He was
playing piano”
(Past Continous)
▪ They complained,
"We have been
waiting for hours".
(Present Perfect Continous)
▪ She said “I had been
living in Malang.”
(Past Perfect Continous)
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▪ Indirect speech : I said
that he had been playing
piano
▪ They complained that
they had been
waiting for hours.
▪ She said that she had
been living in Malang
3. To show the cause of past action

An action that started and ended before a certain time in

the past but the effect of this action was still important at
that moment.
▪ Martha had been walking three miles a day before she
broke her leg.
▪ I had been travelling all night, so I was tired yesterday


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• Past Perfect Progressive and Past Perfect

▪ PPP ▪ PP
It’s used to express a past action It’s used to express a past action,
which started in the past and already finished when another
countinued to happen after past action happened.
another action in the past.
▪ I had made a decision
▪ We had been looking for the before you called me.
wallet for 2 hours when ▪ When she arrived, the
Susan found it. bus had already left.
▪ She had been
writting reports since
morning when the boss came
the office.
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 Thanks !
Any question?

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 https://www.ef.com/english-resources/english-
grammar/past-perfect-continuous/ https://
www.englishpage.com/verbpage/pastperfec
https://owlcation.com/humanities/Indirect- tcontinuous.html
Speech
https://
https://www.teachoo.com/7005/2200/Direct-
english.lingolia.com/en/grammar/tenses/pas
Indirect-Speech-for-Past-Perfect-Continuous/ t-perfect-progressive
category/Direct-Indirect-Speech/

http://icampusindonesia.com/2016/10/27/
present-perfect-continuous-tense/

https://isabellaferraroblog.wordpress.com/
2012/09/19/verb-tenses-past-perfect-past-
perfect-progressive/

https://
www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/past_perf
ect_progressive_tense.htm

https://www.ef.com/english-resources/english-
grammar/tense-changes-when-using-reported-
speech/

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Quiz
1. They (fly) for 8 hours before they
finally (reach) New York
 salsa
2. You (sit) there for more than an hour
before he (arrive) ratna
3. It (rain) hard for several hours and the
street (be) very wet andi
4. How long (...) the fire (burn) before the
firefighters (arrived)? rafi
5. Why (be) he so (tire) ? he (work) at the
dock all afternoon? arta
▪ ? They had been flying 8 hours
before they finally reached New
York
▪ ?You had been sitting there for more
than an hour before he arrived
▪ ? It had been raining hard for several
hours and the street were very wet
▪ ? How long had the fire been
burning before the firefighters
arrived?
▪ ?Why was he so tired? Had he been
working at the dock all afternoon?
Change into indirect speech !

1. "We were living in ▪ ? They told me that they had

London", they told me. been living in London.
2. They said, “They have
been taking exercise since ▪ ?They said that they had been
morning.” taking exercise since morning.
▪ ?Louis said that Harry had been
3. Louis said, “Harry was
taking a test.
taking a test.”
4. “You’ve been waiting for
▪ ?He said that I had been waiting
someone”, He said.
for someone
5. I said, “When they came,
she had been drinking my
▪ ? I said that when they came,
soda.”
she had been drinking my soda.

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