THE SELF ACCORDING TO

PSYCHOLOGY
 PSYCHOLOGY
A field of the social science that deals with the description,
explanation, prediction and control of human behaviour.

2
 OBJECTIVE
Analyze the psychological underpinnings that describe the
self.

3
 SELF-CONCEPT
Self-concept is defined as self-knowledge, a cognitive
structure that includes beliefs about personality traits,
physical characteristics, abilities, values, goals, and roles, as
well as the knowledge that an individual exist as individuals.

4
 DR. BRUCE A. BRACKEN’S 6 SPECIFIC
DOMAIN OF SELF-CONCEPT

1) the social domain or the ability of the person to

interact with others;
2) the competence domain or the ability to meet the
basic needs;
3) the affect domain or the awareness of the emotional
states;
 DR. BRUCE A. BRACKEN’S 6 SPECIFIC
DOMAIN OF SELF-CONCEPT

4. the physical domain or the feelings about looks, health,

physical condition, and overall appearance;
5. academic domain or the success or failure in the
school; and
6. family domain or how well one function within the
family unit.
 WILLIAM JAMES
 an American Philosopher and Psychologist
 professor of Philosophy and Psychology and great
pragmatist
 published the book The Principles of Psychology in
1890
 he is also known for his Theory of the Self
 focuses on the philosophical approach that measures
the truth of an idea by experimentation and examining
William James in his studies of human thoughts concluded that
thoughts have five characteristics:

1. All human thoughts are owned by some personal self.

2. All thoughts are constantly changing or are never static.
3. There is a continuity of thoughts as its focus shift one object
to another.
4. Thoughts deal with objects that are different from and
independent of consciousness itself.
5. Consciousness can focus on particular objects and not others.
 “I” SELF “ME” SELF
• The knower • The known
• The pure • The objective
• The agent of experience • Components of the Me Self
1. The Material Self
2. The Social Self
3. The Spiritual Self
 Three Components of “ME” Self
1. The Material Self
Consist of the things or objects that belong to the person or entities
that a person belongs to.
2. The Social Self
Refers to who the person is, in a particular social situation. Changes
in behaviour usually result from the different social situations the person
finds himself in.
3. The Spiritual Self
Refers to the self that is more concrete or permanent when compared
to the material and social selves. This self is the most subjective and
intimate part of the self.
 CARL ROGERS

 American psychologist known for his influential

psychotherapy method known as client-centered
therapy
 SELF-CONCEPT
 Refers on how a person thinks about or perceives himself

REAL SELF IDEAL SELF

CONCEPT CONCEPT
 TWO TYPES OF SELF-CONCEPT

Real Self-concept
 Refers to all the information and perception the person has
about himself
 “ Who am I?”

Ideal Self-Concept
 model version the person has of himself
 ‘Who do I want to be ?’
When the real self concept is not align to the ideal
self concept. Rogers believe that it will create
incongruence within an individual.
 MULTIPLE SELVES UNIFIED SELVES
• It makes sense that • Essentially connected
the self is a whole to consciousness,
made up of parts . awareness and
agency.
• Considered a well-
adjusted person
success and failure
should be accepted
and understood.
 GREGG HERRIQUES
TRIPARTITE MODEL OF HUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS

THE PRIVATE SELF

EXPERIENTIAL SELF
CONSCIOUSNESS THE PUBLIC SELF
(The Theatre of SYSTEM (The Persona)
Consciousness)
(The Narrator/Interpreter)

• a domain of self that
defined as felt experience
of being
• associated with memory
• a portion of self that • the domain of self that an
verbally narrates what is individual shows to the
happening and tries to public, and this interacts
make sense of what is on how others see an
going on individual
 DONALD WOODS WINNICOTH

TRUE SELF FALSE SELF

• one in which the self in • Manifested as a form of

seen as creative, defense; lacks
spontaneously spontaneity
experiencing each day • It is the mask that hides
of their lives, the true person from
appreciating being fear, pain, rejection and
alive, integrated and failure.
connected to the whole
of existence
 ALBERT BANDURA

• a psychologist and Professor Emeritus of Social Science in

Psychology at Stanford University
• known for his theory of social learning by means of modeling.
 ALBERT BANDURA

Social Cognitive Theory

 suggested that human beings are proactive, self-regulating,
self-reflective and self-organizing
 PROACTIVE SELF AGENTIC SELF

• individual have • defined as the

control in any aspect of human
situation by making personality that is
things happen determined by future
assessments of
one's goals,
objectives, and
actions.
SELF-EFFICACY

 A strong sense of efficacy enhances human

accomplishment and personal well-being in many
ways.
SELF REGULATION

 The person engaged in self – regulated behavior when

he reactively attempts to minimize the discrepancies
between what he has already accomplished and what
he still wants to achieve.
 Allows the person to set goals that are better and
higher that the former; challenging his capabilities and
making him a wiser and self - actualized individual.
Let’s test your mastery!

Choose the letter of the correct answer in each

statement.
Question #1

Which is true about the False Self?

A. False self is spontaneous, reliable and calm.

B. False self is a product of good parenting.
C. Undeveloped family relationship leads to isolation.
D. False self enables the person to form superficial but
productive social relationship.
 
Question #1(ANSWER: LETTER D)

Which is true about the False Self?

A. False self is spontaneous, reliable and calm.

B. False self is a product of good parenting.
C. Undeveloped family relationship leads to isolation.
D. False self enables the person to form superficial but
productive social relationship.
 
Question #2

The Me Self according to William James is divided into

three components. Which of the following statements
best describe the Spiritual Self?

A. It is associated with the body and social situation.

B. It is the self that is more concrete and permanent.
C. It refers to the person in a particular social situation.
D. It consists of the things or objects that belong to the
person.
Question #2 (ANSWER: LETTER B)

The Me Self according to William James is divided into

three components. Which of the following statements
best describe the Spiritual Self?

A. It is associated with the body and social situation.

B. It is the self that is more concrete and permanent.
C. It refers to the person in a particular social situation.
D. It consists of the things or objects that belong to the
person.
Question #3
Which of the following statements best represent the
Experiential Self according to Gregg Henriqques?

A. I tried the 6-minutes leg workout yesterday and it

caused me muscle cramps.
B. Every time I eat seafood, my allergies gone bad.
C. For me, meditation is working but my friend told me,
yoga works best during mornings.
D. I purchased on the online shop last time and their
shoes are comfortable so I recommend it to my friend.
Question #3 (ANSWER: LETTER A)
Which of the following statements best represent the
Experiential Self according to Gregg Henriqques?

A. I tried the 6-minutes leg workout yesterday and it

caused me muscle cramps.
B. Every time I eat seafood, my allergies gone bad.
C. For me, meditation is working but my friend told me,
yoga works best during mornings.
D. I purchased on the online shop last time and their
shoes are comfortable so I recommend it to my friend.
Question #4
Who is the proponent of Social Cognitive theory?

A. Abraham Maslow
B. Albert Bandura
C. Carl Rogers
D. Sigmund Freud
Question #4 (ANSWER: LETTER B)
Who is the proponent of Social Cognitive theory?

A. Abraham Maslow
B. Albert Bandura
C. Carl Rogers
D. Sigmund Freud
Question #5
When the real self-concept is not align to ideal self-
concept, it will create _____?

A. inconsistence
B. incongruence
C. misinformation
D. misuse
Question #5 (ANSWER: LETTER B)
When the real self-concept is not align to ideal self-
concept, it will create _____?

A. inconsistence
B. incongruence
C. misinformation
D. misuse
Reference:
Arcega, A M., Cullar, D. S., Evangelista, L. D. & Falculan, L.
M. (2018). Understanding the Self. Malabon City: Mutya
Publishing House Inc.

Gazzingan, L. B. et al. (2019). Understanding the Self.

Muntinlupa City: Panday-Lahi Publishing House, Inc.

Alata, E.J.P., Caslib, B.N., Serafica, J.P.J., Pawilen, R.A.

(2018). Unsertanding the Self. Rex Book Store Inc., Sta Mesa
Heights, Quezon City, Philippines
 THANK YOU!
Compiled by: Ms. Lhesley Anne L. Bulanier