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Solutions
Colligative Properties
Colligative Property: A property that
depends only upon the number of solute
particles (concentration), and NOT upon
their identity.
Three Important Colligative Properties of
Solutions.
Vapor-pressure lowering
Boiling-point elevation
Freezing-point depression
Vapor-Pressure Lowering
Vapor pressure: is the
pressure exerted by a vapor
that is in dynamic
equilibrium with its liquid
(molecules are moving back
and forth between liquid and
vapor phases)
A solution that contains a This is true because in
solute that is not easily a solution, solute
vaporized always has a lower particles reduce the
vapor pressure than the pure number of free solvent
solvent. particles able to escape
the liquid.
Vapor-Pressure Lowering
The decrease in a solution’s vapor
pressure is proportional to the number of
particles the solute makes in solution.
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Conc. dillute
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