Surveying Laboratory

CE 343

Chain Surveying Project

Jordan University of Science and Technology
Civil Engineering Department

Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud 1

 Scale Drawing
• The scale on a scale drawing tells how the drawing’s
dimensions and the actual dimensions are related.
The scale“1 in. : 12 ft” means that 1 inch in the floor
plan represents an actual distance of 12 feet.

• A scale drawing is a diagram of an object in which

the dimensions are in proportion to the actual
dimensions of the object.

Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud 2

Scale Drawing

Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud 3

 Scale Drawing
• A Scale Models is a model of an object in which
the dimensions are in proportion to the actual
dimensions of the object.
• The scale of a scale model is often given as a
ratio.
• The two scales listed below are equivalent.

Scale with units Scale without units

1 in. : 4 ft 1 : 48 Express 4 ft as 48 in.

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Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud
 Chain Surveying Project
Objective

 The main objective of this project is to obtain

a horizontal plan of a building by chain
surveying.

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Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud
 3. Chain Surveying Project
Definitions

 Chain surveying is the simplest method of surveying.

In this survey only measurements are taken in the
field.

 It derives its name from the fact that the principle

equipment commonly used is the chain.

 Tape is also suitable tool can be used in this

experiment. Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud 6
 3. Chain Surveying Project
Definitions
 A chain is a unit of length , and it was commonly
used with the mile to indicate land distances and in
particular in surveying land for legal and commercial
purposes.

 1 chain = 66ft = 22yards = 20.1168m

Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud 7

 3. Chain Surveying Project
Definitions
Chain Surveying is Suitable when:
1.Ground is fairly level and simple
2.Plans are required on large scale e.g. fields
3.When area is small in extent

Chain Surveying is Not Suitable

4.For Large Areas
5.When too many details are required
6.Wooded countries
7.Undulating areas
Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud 8
 3. Chain Surveying Project
Tools
- The equipment and tools that are typically used in chain surveying in
our laboratory are:, poles, plumb bobs, tape, prismatic square, ranging
rods, staffs.

Prismatic Square
e Ranging Rod
Tap

Plumb bob

Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud Tripod 9

 3. Chain Surveying Project
Description of the Exercise
 Required is to obtain and draw a horizontal plan of a
building as this shown in the following figure by
chain surveying.

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Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud
 3. Chain Surveying Project
Description of the Exercise
 The method that will be used to obtain the plan of
the building is the traverse method.

 A closed traverse is constructed around the

building as shown in the previous figure, and it
contains set of traverse lines.

 Traverse line (base line): It is main and longest

line and all the measurements to show the details
of the work are taken with respect of this line.

 These details are measured by offsets and ties

from these lines.
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Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud
 3. Chain Surveying Project
Description of the Exercise

- All the corners of the building are located with

reference to the traverse lines in the four sides
using any of four basic methods: pair of ties
method, offset method, polar method, and
intersection method.

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Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud
 3. Chain Surveying Project
Description of the Exercise
- The pair of ties method depends on taking the
measurement of two distances from the point
to be surveyed to a traverse line (baseline)

- The offset method is based on taking a

perpendicular distance from the point to the
survey line (base line)

Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud 13

 3. Chain Surveying Project
Description of the Exercise

- The polar method depends on taking the

measurement of a distance from the point and
the angle with reference to a traverse line (base
line)

- The intersection method depends on the

measurement of two angles

Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud 14

 3. Chain Surveying Project
Description of the Exercise
- Note 1: Try to tie most of the corner points of the
building to the base lines of the traverse

- Note 2: The theodolite equipment will not be used in

this project to measure the angles. Therefore, not all
the four methods described above can be used here.
Only two of the methods that require distance
measurement (the pair ties method and the offset
method) can be used.
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Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud
 3. Chain Surveying Project
Report

- Each student in each group is required to

submit a separate laboratory report

- A horizontal map should be plotted on an A3

paper sheet. Each student is required to submit
a separate map.

Eng. Nisreen AL-Daoud 16