SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION

SCIENTIFIC METHOD
SCIENTIFIC METHOD

• It is a systematic process that a scientist

performs in order to answer a question
about the natural world empirically.
OBSERVATION

• Any info obtained through one's senses.

(Milk Spoils quickly)
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

• A question about nature that can be

answered by performing an experiment or
doing a scientific study. (Why does milk
spoils quickly?)
HYPOTHESIS

• A possible answer to an investigative question;

a tentative answer to a scientific problem; a
testable prediction. (Might be because of the
breed of cow; bacteria or germs).
TYPES OF HYPOTHESIS

I. Null Hypothesis – There is NO

relationship between variables.

II. Alternative Hypothesis - There is a

relationship between variables.
EXPERIMENT

• Set of manipulations or specific

observations of nature and is considered
the most important part of the scientific
method.
TYPES OF VARIABLES

I. Controlled variables – factors kept in constant (volume of milk)

II. Independent variables – factors that you change or alter during the experiment (Boiling)
III. Dependent variables – factors that you observe and are considered the response to an
independent variable (time rate at which the milk spoil)
 
 Fair Test – testing the influence of one variable to another without other variables
interfering.
 Control Group – without the variable being tested. (Without boiling)
 Experimental setup – part that contains variable being tested. (With boiling)
GENERALIZATION

 What is “Scientific Method”?

 What are the 6 different steps in the Scientific Method?
 What are the different types of variables?
 What is a Fair Test?
 Now that you know about the Scientific Method, what life lesson
can we gain from the topic which can be useful and applicable into
our daily lives?
ACTIVITY

•GROUP YOURSELVES INTO 6

GROUPS
“WHAT’S THE PROBLEM?”

• “A group of students tested the effect of fertilizer on the growth of plants. They used six plants
that are all 10cm tall. They grouped the plants into two: Group A and Group B. They watered
the plants in Group A with 1 glass of plain water and Group B with 1 glass of water with
fertilizer solution.

They watered the plants twice a week with the same amount of water and exposed them to the
same amount of sunlight. After three weeks, they measured the growth of the plants in each
group. The following are the results.”
RESULTS
•Group A: Growth is from 10cm to 18cm. watered
with 1 glass of plain water twice a week for 2 weeks

•Group B: Growth is from 10cm to 28cm. watered

with 1 glass of water with fertilizer solution twice a
week for 2 weeks
 The Scientific Method  

Observation People using fertilizers

(1.) Does fertilizer affect the growth of plants?

(2.) Null: (3.)

 
 
Alternative: There is a significant relationship between fertilizer and growth of plants.

Experiment Controlled Variable: The amount of water and sunlight and initial size of the plants
 
Independent Variable: (4.)
 
 
Dependent Variable: (5.)
 
 

Analyzing and presenting data Group A: (6.)

 
Group B: Growth is from 10cm to 28cm.
 

(7.) It was concluded that there is a significant relationship between fertilizer and growth of plants.

(3pts) True or False: The experiment that was conducted was a fair testing (8-10.)  
SHORT QUIZ!

•A. Identify the following

•_____1. This refers to a systematic process that a scientist performs in order to answer a question about
• the natural world empirically.
•_____2. These are any information obtained through one's senses
•_____3. This is a question about nature that can be answered by performing an experiment or doing a
• scientific study.
•_____4. A kind of hypothesis where there is no relationship between variables
•_____5. A kind of hypothesis where there is a relationship between variables
•_____6. This refers to the set of manipulations or specific observations of nature and is considered the
• most important part of the scientific method.
•_____7. This refers to testing the influence of one variable to another without other variables interfering.
•_____8. A kind of variable that is kept in constant.
•_____9. A kind of variable that is manipulated or changed during the experiment.
•_____10. A kind of variable that you observe and is considered a response.
B. ENUMERATE THE FOLLOWING
1-6 STEPS IN THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

•V. ASSIGNMENT
 
•Directions: Bring string bean seeds and small
pot.
END OF SLIDE