Ch-1 Music

Music (Sangeet):
• It is an Art which express the Feelings or Emotions in the terms of RHYTHM & HARMONY.
• It is a combination of
RHYTHM & HARMONY.

Rhythm (Taal): It is a combination of Beats which travels in a constant interval of time.

Instruments which is used for Rhythm are called percussion instruments.
Example: Drums, Dholak, Tabla, Octopad, Dhol, Cajon,

Alag alag bol k samawesh ko taal kehte h..

Har taal ki alag alag maatraaen hoti h.
Vibhag hote h
Taali hoti h
Khaali hoti h
 Teentaal
• Matra : 16
• Vibhag: 4
• Taali: 3
• Khaali: 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
dha dhin dhin dha dha dhin dhin dha dha tin tin taa taa dhin dhin dha

X 2 0 3
Harmony (sur): Any type of sound (melody) which express something with the help of different
MUSICAL Notes.

Melody: When we play a single note at a time called Melody.

Harmony: When we play two or more notes at a time called Harmony.

Instruments which is used for Harmony are :

Piano, Guitar, Keyboard, Harmonium, Sitar, Violin, Flute etc

Notes: It is a language of Music in Harmony section which are having 12 notes which comes under
A to G in which all the notes are having half note ( sharp note # ) in which B & E does’nt have sharp
note. )
Diatonic Notes: A set of 7notes called Daitonic Notes ( A, B, C, D, E, F, G)
Chromatic Notes: A set of 12notes called Daitonic Notes ( A, A#, B, C, C#, D, D#, E, F, F#, G, G# )
 Chapter : 2 Scales
A scale is any set of musical notes ordered by fundamental frequency or pitch. A scale
ordered by increasing pitch is an ascending scale, and a scale ordered by decreasing pitch
is a descending scale.
In Indian Classical it is: Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni
In Western Music it is: Do Re Mi Fa So La Ti

In Indian musical system, swara is a Sanskrit word that means a tone of music. The seven
basic swaras of the scale are named 
Sa: Shadja
Re: Rishabh
Ga: Gandhar
Ma: Madhyam
Pa: Pancham
Dha: Dhaivat
Ni: Nishad
Formation Of Scale
Scale is formed by the combination of 7 notes.
We have total 7notes in every scale.

Types:
Major Scale:
It is the most common scale used in Music where all the notes are natural.
In Indian Classical Music this scale is called Bilawal Thaat.
In Western Music this scale is called Ionion Mode.
Formula for Maj Scale: R-WWHWWWH

Minor Scale:
In this Scale Ga, Dha & Ni are komal (flat).
In Indian Classical Music this scale is called Asavari Thaat.
In Western Music this scale is called Aeolian mode.
Formula for Maj Scale: R-WHWWHWW
 Chapter 3 Instrument
Define Keyboard :
A keyboard is a Musical instrument played using a keys in a different octaves in which each octave is
having 7 white keys & 5 black keys raise to the octave.

Keys name of Keyboard:

 Fig & body of Keyboard
12 v

Function Power
Adapter
Key Screen switch
Volume
knob
Sound Sound
box box

Body

keys
 Keys name

1st octave 2nd octave 3rd octave

 Details about instruments .
What is Keyboard used for?
• It is use to play Harmony with respect to Rhythm.
• It is use to play different Voices & Styles.
• Basically it is used for Piano patterns.

Types of Keyboard:
1. Organ
2. Electric Keyboard
3. Synthesizers
4. Digital Piano
5. Celestas
6. Idiophones
7. Carillons
8. Bell Tower
9. Grand Piano
10. Electric Piano
 Chapter 4 Theory of Music

What is Staff ?

What Are Clefs in Music?

• Clefs are a visual symbol used in music notation. In Western sheet music, notes are printed on musical
staves containing lines and spaces. Clefs, such as the treble clef and bass clef, tell musicians what
notes those lines and spaces represent.
• Western music theory uses many different clefs including soprano clef, alto clef, and tenor clef.
However, the treble and bass clefs appear more than any others—most notably in the grand staff that
makes up piano notation.

• What Is the Treble Clef?

• The treble clef is the most used clef in Western music notation. It primarily notates musical notes above middle C.
• The treble clef is shaped like an ornamental letter G, and its inner curve surrounds the note G4 that falls above middle C. For this reason, the treble clef is nicknamed the G clef. Many instruments—
including the trumpet, violin, guitar, and oboe—read music off the treble clef. It is also used on the piano grand staff to notate music played by the right hand.
Rhythmic Notes