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Thursday, 17 August 11:00 AM

17/8/2022
Malik Naji
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Introduction

REPORT TITLE
Summer training
Done by
Process presentation at
Malik N
aji SAWACO water
9)
(204290 desalination

upe rvised by
S
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hm ed Alsaadi
DR.A

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Summer training presentation 11:00 AM

17/8/2022
 Introduction x

Introduction

Osmosis Reverse
Osmosis
Process

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Introduction 17/8/2022
 Osmosis x

Introduction

Osmosis is a natural process where

water molecules move from an area of

Process
lower solute concentration to an area

of higher solute concentration,

Filters problems across a semi-permeable membrane.

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Introduction 17/8/2022
 Reverse Osmosis x

Introduction Reverse Osmosis, on the other hand,

is an artificial process used for
water purification. It is the
opposite of osmosis. In RO, an
Process
external force, usually applied as
pressure, is used to drive water
molecules through the semi-permeable
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membrane from an area of higher
solute concentration to an area of
lower solute concentration

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Introduction 17/8/2022
 Process x

Introduction

1 2 3 4 5

Process

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Process 17/8/2022
 1 x

Introduction Seawater is drawn from the sea using

artesian wells situated within the
facility, positioned at a distance of
500 meters from the sea. The
Process
extraction process employs
specialized high-pressure pumps
referred to as "Beachwell Pumps."
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These pumps are utilized to transport
the seawater through the wells and
into the raw water tanks within the

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 2 x

Introduction The water is drawn from the raw

water tanks and is transferred
using filter feed pumps. These
Process pumps are important because they
fill a special compartment with a
mixture, which is a necessary
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machine the material it needs to
filter properly.
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 3 x

Introduction

After the water is drawn through the

filter feed pump, the initial

Process
filtration process takes place. The

initial filtration process is divided

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Process 17/8/2022
 3 x

Introduction

a. Sand Filters (Multimedia Filters):

Sand filters work to purify the

Process water from impurities. Sand filters
consist of a large tank with eight
layers.

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Process 17/8/2022
 3 x
b.Micron filters (Cartridge filters):
Introduction
Cartridge filters are used to remove the
solid and other dirt particles from the
water. These filters are mostly made of
polypropylene because it resists the
Process
growth of bacteria. The filters are placed
according to the size of the particles.
This means that the filters are rated
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particles of a specific size. in SAWACO
plant they use a cartridge filter of size
25-micron filter, then a 5-micron filter.
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 4 x

Introduction Water moves from the primary filtration

stage (purification of water from
impurities and turbidity) to the
desalination stage using reverse osmosis
Process (RO).Reverse osmosis is a water
purification process that removes
dissolved salts, minerals, and other
impurities from water and all particles
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with pores size as low as 0.0001 microns.

by utilizing a semi-permeable membrane.

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 4 x

Introduction In this process, pressure is applied (up

to 70 bar) to force water molecules
through the membrane, leaving behind
larger molecules, ions, and contaminants.
Process Reverse Osmosis works by using a high-
pressure pump to increase the pressure on
the salt side of the RO and force the
water across the semi-permeable RO
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membrane, leaving almost all (around 95%
to 99%) of dissolved salts behind.

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Process 17/8/2022
 5 x

Introduction

The water resulting from the

Process
reverse osmosis process is

divided into two sections

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 5 x

Introduction a. Freshwater: Also called permeate (or product)

water.
The water that has been purified and desalinated
through the reverse osmosis process. The recovery
Process from sea water is 35%. The Total dissolved solids
(TDS) range in the permeated water varies from 200 to
400 ppt.
b. Brine/Concentrate/Reject: The water that did not
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pass through the membrane in the reverse osmosis
process and still contains salinity, impurities. This
reject water is returned to the sea with percentage
of 65% and TDS varies from 40000 to 65000 ppt.
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 Filters problems x

Introduction

Multimedia Cartridge RO Membrane Fouling

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Objectives

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 Multimedia Filters x

Introduction We can identify a problem in the sand filter

(Multimedia Filters)When the pressure gauge indicates

a pressure drop of 15 PSI or more. To solve this

Process problem, we use a physical cleaning method called

“Backwashing” Backwashing is when water is pumped in

reverse through the filter to clean it from tapped

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dirt, so the filter can be used again.

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 Cartridge filters x

Introduction

We can identify a problem in the Cartridge

filters when the pressure gauge indicates

Process
a pressure drop of 15 PSI or more. The

Cartridge filters must be replaced once

they become either dirty or get blocked.

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 RO Membrane x

Introduction We can indicate a problem in the RO

membrane by measuring the TDS for each

vessel, indicates a pressure drop of 25

Process PSI or more, checking the flow of each

vessel. After indicate which vessel cause

the problem, we open the vessel(each

Filters problems vessel contains six membranes)then, we

insert a thin hosepipe and measure the TDS

for each membrane and interconnector then,

Tasks, the membrane either cleaned or replaced.
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 Fouling x

Introduction Fouling in a Reverse Osmosis (RO) plant refers to the

accumulation of undesirable materials on the surface
of the RO membrane. This accumulation can consist of
various substances, such as suspended solids, organic
Process matter, minerals, bacteria, and algae. Fouling
negatively affects the performance of the RO system
by reducing water flow, increasing energy
consumption, and decreasing the quality of the
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produced water.

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 Fouling x

Introduction

To clean the RO membrane from fouling we use chemical

cleaning, using a combination of high PH solution

Process
(sodium hydroxide) followed by low PH solution(citric

acid) cleaning is one approach to effectively remove

various types of fouling.

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 Tasks, Pictures x

Introduction

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Process

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 Tasks, Pictures x
During my summer training, I undertook the following tasks:
Introduction
• Plant Reading Collection.

• Checking the Tank Level.

• Skid Sampling for TDS and Conductivity.

Process • RO Vessel Conductivity Measurement.

Benefits:

Quick issue resolution.

Filters problems Preventive maintenance.

Efficient processes.

Enhanced water quality.

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 Tasks, Pictures x
Introduction

Process Changing Cartridge Table to calculate the

filters tank level

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Working on the new skid SDI tester

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Introduction

Process

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problems
Topics

Settings

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17/8/2022
Introduction

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Process
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17/8/2022
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!

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