STRUCTURE & WRITTEN

EXPRESSION TOEFL
 SKILL 1
SUBJECT & VERB

Pastikan bahwa klause dalam kalimat

memiliki sebuah SUBJEK & sebuah
KATA KERJA.
Mohon diingat bahwa satu kalimat bisa
saja terdapat lebih dari satu klausa.
 example:
K
1. A car crashed.
AL a subject s v
IM 2. We bought a TV.
AT s v
3. I go jogging every day.
memiliki s v
4. He has stolen my money.
s v

5. I am cooking and
a verb s v
she is eating
s v
SU - Pronoun / KATA GANTI ORANG / BENDA
BJ (I, She, He, They, We, It, etc.)
EC - Noun / kata benda
T (book, books, car, father, John etc.)

- Noun phrase / frasa nomina

(red book, red books, pretty girl, etc.)

- Noun clause / klausa nominA

(what you read, that she is beautiful)
 Tidak terdapat subjek dalam kalimat < PR
O
Tidak terdapat kata kerja dalam kalimat< BL
E
Tidak terdapat subjek dan verb dalam kalimat< M
S
Terdapat subjek lain / subjek ganda<

Terdapat verb lain / verb ganda<

 EXAMPLE
sentences without a subject

1. ____ was ringing continuously for hours.

what / who was ringing ?

The answer can be: bell, telephone, clock

 EXAMPLE
sentences without a subject

2. Last week ____ went fishing for trout at the nearby

mountain lake.
what / who went fishing ?

The answer can be: i, we, John, my father, they, etc.

 EXAMPLE
sentences without a verb

1. Newspapers ____ every morning and every evening

what does newspaper do ?

The answer: are published, come out, are delivered, etc

 EXAMPLE
sentences without a verb

2. Engineer ____ for work on the new space program.

The answer: is needed
EXAMPLE
sentences with an extra subject or verb

1. The plane it is landing at the airport in five minutes.

 The plane is landing at the airport in five minutes.

 It is landing at the airport in five minutes.

EXAMPLE
sentences with an extra subject or verb

2. The boy is going relaxing to the movie.

 The boy is relaxing to the movie.

 The boy is going to the movie.

 TIP
S
 A sentence must at least have a subject and a verb.

 Determine what the subject and verb.

 If one or both is missing, find it or them in the answers given.

EXERCIS Determine the subject(s) and verb(s) in each of the following
sentences. Then indicate if the sentences are correct or incorrect.
E
ONE
1. She opened a checking account at the bank last week.

2. Paul, William, and Michelle watching television a few minutes

ago.
3. The statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from France to the United
States.
EXERCIS Determine the subject(s) and verb(s) in each of the following
sentences. Then indicate if the sentences are correct or incorrect.
E
ONE
4. This chemical poisonous.

5. This soup tasted too spicy.

6. He appreciates all the help you have given him.

7. I did not know about the party for me at all.

8. Marie seen the movie four times.

 TOEFL
EXERCISE
1. Most people ____ to watch movie.
a. Like
b. Likes
c. Liked
d. Like’s
 TOEFL
EXERCISE
2. My sister and I ____ baking cookies at this time
yesterday.
a. was
b. were
c. are
d. is
 TOEFL
EXERCISE
3. They ____ football last week.
a. played
b. playing
c. play
d. plays
 TOEFL
EXERCISE
4. My mother ____ a glass of tea.
a. drinking
b. drank
c. drink
d. drunk
 TOEFL
EXERCISE
5. ____ Yuna sleep at her bed ?
a. does
b. do
c. were
d. was