IDENTITY,

CULTURE
AND
SOCIETY

Chapter 1 (UCSP)
IDENTITY

• Identity is the distinctive characteristic that defines an individual or is

shared to those belonging to a particular group. People may have
multiple identities depending to the groups which they belong.
CULTURE
• Culture, which is loosely defined as a society’s way of life, provides the
basis for forging identities. It allows people to understand themselves in
relation to others and provides them a lens through which they base
what is considered “right way’’ of doing things.
SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND POLITICS
CHANGE
• People’s individual and collective identities have oftentimes transformed social
order and paved the way for lasting change. For instance, when Filipinos first held
election in the 1900s. Only Filipino males could vote and participate in politics.
• Consequently, the campaign for women suffrage gained ground in the 1930s. The
farmers of the 1935 Constitution allowed women to vote by virtue of a law that was
passed by the National Assembly.
SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND POLITICS
CHANGE
• Rapidly advancing technology also has profound implications for sociocultural and
political exchange. Because people know more about what is happening elsewhere
in the world, trends in clothing, hair style, fashion style, and food choices among
others have also been transformed.
SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND POLITICS
CHANGE
• Filipino emigrants have also assimilated with other cultures abroad. When they
return to the Philippines, they tend to see the Philippines in the context of what they
saw and experienced abroad.
ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY AND
POLITICAL SCIENCE
• The disciplines under the identity, culture, society, and politics are studied are collectively called the
social sciences. The social sciences are comprised of a wide array of academic disciplines that study
the overall functions of society as well as the interactions among its individual members and
institution.
ANTHROPOLOGY

• Anthropology is the systematic study of the biological, cultural and social aspects
of man. It is derived from two Greek words, anthropos, which means ‘‘man’’, and
logos, which means “study” or “inquiry”.
EXAMPLES OF RENOWNED
ANTHROPOLOGISTS
• Edward Burnett Taylor, Franz Boas, Alfred Kroeber, Bronislaw Malinowski,
Clifford Geertz, and Margaret Mead.
ANTHROPOLOGY
• Social anthropology studies how social patterns and practices and cultural variations develop
across different societies.
• Cultural Anthropology studies cultural variation across different societies and examines the need
to understand each culture in its own context.
• Linguistic Anthropology studies language and discourse and how they reflect and shape different
aspects of human society and culture; and
• Biological or Physical Anthropology studies the origins of humans as well as the interplay between
social factors and the processes of human evolution, adaptation, and variation over time.
• Archeology, meanwhile, deals with prehistoric societies by studying their tools and environment.
SOCIOLOGY

Sociology is defined by Anthony Giddens as “the study of social life, groups, and
society”. It is an academic discipline that attempts to provide a deeper assessment of
individual and group behavior, as well as social phenomena, by examining the
interplay between economic, political and social factors. The discipline has been
largely shaped by the works of August Comte, Herbert Spencer, Karl Marx, Emily
Durkheim, and Max Webber. It also seeks to explain the bases of social order and
social change.
POLITICAL SCIENCE

Political Science is the systematic study of politics, which Andrew Heywood

describes as “:the activity through which people make, preserve, and amend the
general rules under which they live”. Political science focuses on the fundamental
values of equality, freedom, and justice, and it processes are linked to the dynamics
of conflict, resolution, and cooperation.
POLITICAL SCIENCE

Some political scientists specialize public administration which examines how the
government functions and how decisions and policies are made. Some specialize
political economy which evaluates the interplay between economics, politics, and
laws and its implications to the various institutions within society; others focus on
comparative politics which compares domestic politics and governance systems
across different sovereign states
THANK YOU!!