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and weathering
Lesson Objectives
1. Be able to name and briefly explain 4 types of physical weathering.
2. Be able to describe chemical weathering.
3. State the difference between physical and chemical weathering
4. Know the meaning of the following terms:
- weathering
- physical weathering
- chemical weathering
- freeze-thaw weathering
- exfoliation
 What is a rock?

A mixture of minerals
What is a
mineral?
A natural compound.

They have chemical

names and a formula, but
we use the geological
name.
Complete this

You can find it on

Microsoft Teams > 9T >
Class Notebook > Your
Name > Handouts >
Rock Types Summary
Answers to Page 7
1 a) Rock is a mixture of minerals.
b) Yes. Rock form the entire outer layer of the
Earth.

2 a) To build roofs, in constructing building, inside

home, to build roads, to make jewellery, etc

3 a) A mineral is a natural compound.

b) quartz
sedimentary igneous metamorphic lava heat
magma pressure fossils crystals sandstone
marble limestone granite

These rocks are made when particles of rocks

pile up to make layers. They are called
__________________.
Sometimes animals and plants are trapped
inside. These form _____________________.
Examples of these kinds of rocks include
________________ and _______________.
sedimentary igneous metamorphic lava heat
magma pressure fossils crystals sandstone
marble limestone granite

These rocks are made because other rock has

changed. These rocks are called
_____________. The changes can happen
because of ___________ or because of
____________. Marble is made from the
rock ____________ which has been changes
over thousands of years.
 sedimentary igneous metamorphic lava heat
magma pressure fossils crystals sandstone
marble limestone granite

These rocks are made from volcanoes. They are

called ________. They can be made inside or
outside the volcano.
Inside they are made from ________ and outside
they are made from ________. Sometimes they a
re coloured because of ____________ in them.
An example of this kind of rock is ____________.
Weathering

The breakdown of rocks

into smaller fragments
is called weathering.

There are two main categories of weathering…..

Physical weathering
 1. Physical weathering

Freeze-thaw weathering
By heating
and
cooling
Another form of physical weathering…
Exfoliation
By a
reduction
of pressure
Biological
weathering (by
living things)
2

Chemical weathering
 Chemical weathering
Slow chemical
weathering
Rainwater is naturally acidic
because carbon dioxide in
the air reacts with rainwater
to form carbonic acid.
This type of acid rain is weakly
acidic and reacts slowly with
minerals in rock.
Rapid chemical
weathering
The burning of fossil fuels
produces oxides of sulphur and
nitrogen which make rainwater
more acidic.
This type of acid rain reacts
quickly with minerals and
weather rock more rapidly.
Self-study:
In your exercise books or on MS Teams Class notes:
* Show the two types (physical & chemical)

* Briefly explain four types of physical weathering (include sketches)

 Homework:
Your turn
Page 11: 1, 3, 4, 5, 7
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