ADJECTIVES

English 0 - Basic English

Ms. Cherylou D. Bacalan | Instructor

 ADJECTIVE
 An adjective serves as a modifier of a noun or
a pronoun to denote the quality or condition of
a person, place, or thing named or to indicate
its quantity.
 An adjective usually precedes the noun or the
pronoun which it modifies.
A. Descriptive Adjective
B. Limiting Adjective

CLASSIFICATION OF ADJECTIVES
CLASSIFICATION OF ADJECTIVES
 DESCRIPTIVE ADJECTIVE

Descriptive Adjective – denotes a feature, quality, or a

condition of a person, a place, or things.
 Types of Descriptive Adjective

Proper Adjective Common

Adjective that is formed
from a proper noun.
American Literature, English poet,
Manila paper, Quirino Province,
Filipino vendor
AdjectiveAdjective
that expresses the
ordinary qualities of a noun
or pronoun.
beautiful country, delicious foods,
happy life, new gadget, ripe bananas
 LIMITING ADJECTIVE

Limiting adjective either points put an object or

denotes number. It specifies which, how much, or how
many.
 Types of Limiting Adjective
1. Article – this shows whether a noun is used definitely
or indefinitely. (the, an, a)

 Definite article (the) – is used before a noun to

indicate that the identity of the noun is known to the
reader.
 Indefinite article (an, a) - is used before a noun that is
general or when its identity is not known.
Examples:

 The English Major students will be performing

tomorrow.
 Wisdom is a gift from God.
 Types of Limiting Adjective
2. Numerical Adjective - has to do with numbers.

A. Cardinal Numbers – show how many are meant.

B. Ordinal Numbers – show order or position in a
series.
Examples:

 Kelly harvested two hundred sacks of palay.

 That was my third time to visit Boracay.
 Types of Limiting Adjective
3. Pronominal Adjective – an adjective that is used as a
pronoun.

Examples:
both, enough, few, former, latter, little, less, least, much,
many, more, most, same, several,
 ADJECTIVES IN A
SERIES
When more than one adjective is used in a
sentence, the following series guide must be
considered.
 ADJECTIVES IN A SERIES
Number – the quantity
Opinion – explains what you think about
something
Size – how big or small something is
Age – how young or old something or
someone is.
Shape – describe the shape of something
Color – describes the color of something
Origin – describes where something comes
from.
Material – describes what something is made
from
Purpose – describes what something is used
for.
Three pizza. two bells
Beautiful life, difficult situation
tiny buttons, large intestines
new car, young corn, modern houses
Triangular cut, flat nose, round shape
dark room, green house, blue dress
French kiss, Eastern barangays, provincial
road
plastic toys, wooden table, cotton shirts
Reading glasses, drinking straw, breathing
apparatus
 Examples

1. A wonderful old Greek vase

2. A delicious round chocolate
3. It was made of a strange green metallic material.
4. She was beautiful tall thin young black-haired Scottish woman.
5. I bought a pair of two classic new brown Italian leather shoes.
 Comparison of Adjectives

Adjectives are also used for indicating the position on

a scale of comparison. The lowest point on the scale is
known as the positive form, the middle point is known
as the comparative form, and the highest point is
known as the superlative form.
Positive Comparative Superlative
big bigger biggest
kind kinder kindest
smooth smoother smoothest
merry merrier merriest
Positive Comparative Superlative
arrogant more arrogant most arrogant
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
caring less caring least caring
greasy less greasy least greasy
 Positive Comparative Superlative
bad, evil, ill worse worst
good, well better best
late later, latter latest, last
little less, lesser least
many, much more most
ADVERBS
English 0 - Basic English
 ADVERB
An adverb is a word that modifies a
verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
An adverb indicates manner, time,
place, cause or degree and answer the
questions how, when, where, why, in
what way, how often, under what
condition, or to what extent.
 Adverb
 The easiest adverbs to recognize are those
that ends in –ly.
 The three most common adverbs used in
English are: not, too, very.
 Unlike an adjective, an adverb can be
placed anywhere in the sentence.
 How to form adverbs?
 From an adjective (honest – honestly, responsible –
responsibly)
 From a present participle (willing – willingly,
glowing, glowingly)
 From a past participle (assured – assuredly,
exaggerated – exaggeratedly)
 Adjective that ends in –able or –ible, replace final –e
with –y (horrible – horribly, terrible – terribly)
 How to form adverbs?
 Adjective that ends in –y, replace the –y with –ily
(happy – happily, lucky – luckily)
 Adjective that ends in –ic, replace the –ic with –
ically (sarcastic, sarcastically, economic –
economically)
 Position of Adverbs
 Beginning
Today, we will study adverbs.
Lately, I have had lots of phone calls.
 Middle
He seldom reads his lesson at night.
I barely see him in the office.
 End
I learn English slowly
I study adverbs now.
Classification of Adverbs
 Adverb of Adverb of Adverb of Adverb of Adverb of
Time Place Manner Degree Frequency
This answers This answers This answers This answers This answers
the questionthe question the question the question the question
“When the“where?” “How is it “how much” or “How often?”
action done?” "how little”
happened?” Ex. Sarah Ex. She paints
worked and Ex. He did the Ex. I almost got every week.
Ex. He will go lived abroad. job poorly. perfect score.
there tomorrow.
Now Outside Gracefully Too Daily
Then Far Perfectly Quiet Annually
Yesterday Elsewhere Randomly Totally Always
Tomorrow Nearby Clearly Very Seldom
Today Away Beautifully No Weekly
Later Here Carefully Completely Constantly
 Conjunctive Adverbs
 It is an adverb that functions like a conjunction by
expressing the relationship between independent
sentence or a clause.

Examples:
Accordingly, furthermore, instead, next, therefore, also,
hence, likewise, nonetheless, thus, anyhow, however,
meanwhile, otherwise, consequently finally, indeed,
still.
 Conjunctive Adverbs
 The use of conjunctive adverb between two
independent clause requires a semicolon before the
adverb and comma after it.

I want to sleep; however, I need to study because we

will have a quiz.
 Conjunctive Adverbs
 If the conjunctive adverb is used at the beginning of
the sentence, comma is used to set it of.

The materials needed for the experiment were not

complete. Therefore, he decided to conduct it the next
day.
 Conjunctive Adverbs
 If the conjunctive adverb is placed within a clause, a
comma is used to set it off.

I can, therefore, go to bed now.