DISTANCE

EDUCATION

Shalu
M.Sc Nsg. 1st yr.
Community Health Nursing
Definition:-
According to Dohman, "Distance education is a systematically organized form of self study in which student
counselling the presentation of learning material and the seeing and supervising of the student success is carried out
by a team of teachers each of whom has responsibility. It is made possible at a distance by means of media, which
can cover long distance. Distance education is an alternative mode for receiving highest education, professional
education and technical education, which distinguishes it from conventional campus, based mode of learning.
Distance education is an alternative mode for receiving highest education, professional education and technical
education, which distinguishes it from conventional campus, based mode of learning.

Nature of distance education:

1. In distance education, an institution teaches. The teacher prepares the learning materials from which he himself
may never teach. Another teacher may use the material and evaluate students work.
2. The goal of linking learning materials to learning is at his centre of the organizational structure.
3. It gives new meaning to the concept of the independence of the adult learner.
4. Management skills are essential
5. The constant processes of writing creatively for distance students, whether alone or in a course team framework,
poses problems to staff causing depersonalization.
Scope of Distance Education:
Distance education is aimed at teaching, guiding and supporting the students in all location through well designed
lecture scripts supported by teachers, personal contact programs, response sheet assignment and electronic media.

Aims and Objectives:

1. It aims not only in providing certificates and degrees but also helps in personal growth and training
for better job prospects, job enhancement and in-service education
2. Brings changes in attitude and knowledge.
3. Provides flexibility of time to enable students to pace their studies.
4. Makes education socially more relevant.
5. Promotes habit of life long learning among teachers and thus establish a learning society of teachers.
6. To impart latest information and skills in the field of education.
7. Provides opportunities for self enrichment and professional upgrading.
Characteristics of Distance Education:
1. There is little face to face relationship between the teacher and the learner.
2. There is little oral instruction.
3. There is no fixed classroom or lecture room.
4. Learning is on individual basis.
5. It involves use of multi-media approach, postal coaching, and education through radio and television.
6. Learning is on part time basis.
7. it's now applied for teacher education programme. I.e., for in-service education of teachers.

Distance Education Technology:

The first generation of technology in distance education started with using of mail able materials and audio video
cassettes.
Education through air (broadcasting and telecasting) was referred as second-generation aids.
Third generation was computer-based education using software packages, CD-ROM, multimedia, and Internet.
The beginning of fourth generation is two ways- audio video (video conferencing) and virtual classrooms.
Development of Distance Education:
In India, first Open University was started in Andhra Pradesh (1982). Later, the Indira Gandhi National Open
University (IGNOU), one of the biggest open universities in Asia, was established in 1986 which offers now more than
39 courses to about 4 lakh students.
With the establishment of 5 other open universities in the states of Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and
Gujarat, the system has got more encouragement. At that movement the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, and Kerala are
actively considering the establishment of their own Universities. The term 'correspondence' was changed to 'distance.

Pillars of Distance Education:

1. Study material known as lecture scripts.

2. Personal Contact Programmes.
3. Student assignment.
4. Electronic media.
5. Study center.
6. Personal guidance.
Role of Distance Education in Development of Nursing:
Distance education can provide opportunity to:
1. Those nurses who are working in remote areas and have no facilities of higher education.
2. Those that is unable to join regular courses due to various reasons
3. Those that are already working and cannot be relieved from their duties by their institutions because of shortage of
nurses and other reasons.
4. Those who feel that they cannot cope up with regular courses within specific time