Echocardiography

ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSTIC SUPPLIER

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 Content
1. Cardiology
1) Cardiac basic terms & anatomy

2. Echocardiographic Techniques & Evaluation

1) B - mode image
2) M- mode image
3) Color doppler
4) PW & CW doppler

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 1. Cardiology

Cardiac basic terms

& anatomy

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 Cardiac medical Basic term
• Diastole : the passive rhythmical expansion or dilation of
the cavities of the heart during which they fill with
blood compare
• Systole : the contraction of the heart by which the blood is
forced onward and the circulation kept up
compare

• Ejection Fraction : the ratio of the volume of blood the heart

empties during systole to the volume of blood in the
heart at the end of diastole expressed as a percentage
normally between 56 and 78 percent

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 Cardiac medical Basic term
•Embolism : the sudden obstruction of a blood vessel by
an embolus

• Regurgitation : the backward flow of blood through a defective

heart valve

 AR (Aortic Regurgitation) : leakage of blood from the aorta

back into the left ventricle during diastole because of
failure of an aortic valve to close properly

• MR (Mitral Regurgitation)

• TR (Tricuspid Regurgitation)
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 Cardiac medical Basic term
• Stenosis : a narrowing or constriction of the diameter of
a bodily passage or orifice

• AS (Aortic Stenosis ) : a condition usu. the result of disease in

which the aorta and esp. its orifice is abnormally narrow

• MS (Mitral Stenosis) : a condition usu. the result of disease in

which the mitral valve is abnormally narrow

• PS (Pulmonary Stenosis) : abnormal narrowing of the orifice

between the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle
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Cardiac medical Basic term & Anatomy

PA Pulmonary Artery

LA Left Atrium
Ao Aorta
AV Aortic Valve
PV Pulmonary Valve
MV Mitral Valve
RA Right Atrium

TV Tricuspid Valve LV Left Ventricle

RV Right Ventricle Septum

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Cardiac medical Basic term & Anatomy

Colonary Artery

Endocardium

Mayocardium

Epicardium

Pericardium

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 2. Echocardiographic
Techniques & Evaluation

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 B-mode

Clinical Applications of B-mode

• Cardiac Anatomy Direct Evaluation
• Assessment of Heart Shape & Size & Symmetry
• Cardiac Movement
• Cardiac volumes : LV/LA/RV/RA
• Effusion
• Mass :
Endocardium, Mayocardium, Epicardium, Pericardim

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 B-mode Techniques & Evaluation

Cardiac window

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1.Parasternal window
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2. Apical window
3. Subcostal window
2 4. Suprasternal window
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1. Parasternal window - Long Axis View
1) LV inflow and outflow

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1) LV inflow and outflow

Section Image Section Anatomy

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1. Parasternal window - Long Axis View

2) Tricuspid Inflow

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2) Tricuspid Inflow

RV

RA

Section Image Section Anatomy

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1. Parasternal window - Long Axis View

3) RV Outflow & Pulmonary valve

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3) RV Outflow & Pulmonary valve

Section Image Section Anatomy

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1. Parasternal window - Short Axis View

1) Aortic Valve Level

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1) Aortic Valve Level

Section Image Section Anatomy

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1. Parasternal window - Short Axis View
2) Mitral Valve Level

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2) Mitral Valve Level

Section Image Section Anatomy

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1. Parasternal window - Short Axis View
3) Mid Papillary Muscle Level

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3) Mid Papillary Muscle Level

Section Image Section Anatomy

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2. Apical window
1) Four Chamber View

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1) Four Chamber View

Section Image Section Anatomy 25

2. Apical window
2) Five Chamber View

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2. Apical window
3) Two Chamber View

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3. Subcostal window
1) Five Chamber View

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3. Subcostal window
2) Short Axis Atrial Septum

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4. Suprasternal window
1) Aortic Arch View

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