Preparation #4

Chocolate-based Calcium Lozenge

Compiled by: Ivy Rose C. Orozco,RPh
PHARMACEUTICS1L – Pharmaceutical Dosage
Forms, Drug Delivery Systems and Medical
Devices
 Chocolate-Based Calcium Lozenge

● Category: Calcium Supplement

● Synonym: Calx Chocolate Lausiae
● Final Product: Soft Calcium Lozenge coated
with chocolate to improve palatability
● Uses: Medicated Lozenge meant to dissolve in
the mouth for growth/development of bones
to prevent osteoporosis and rickets, may be
used as antacid
● Label: White label for internal use, meant to
slowly disintegrate in the mouth
● Container: Blister pack, Tin can or Amber
bottle to protect from light, Keep refrigerated
 Lozenges
● Solid dosage forms that are
intended to slowly dissolve or
disintegrate in the mouth;
buccally/sublingually
● Types (According to Texture and
Composition): Hard, Soft,
Chewable gummy gel lozenges
● Taste good to attain patient
compliance
 Lozenges
● Solid preparations containing a
drug with flavoring and
sweetening agent
● Localized effect in the oral cavity
● Local anesthetic, decongestants,
analgesics, vitamins and cough
suppressants
● Systemic effect if well absorbed in
the buccal lining and pharynx
 Preparation

● Hand Rolling – do not require special

calculations and equipment except for
a pill roller, a broad-bladed spatula, or
any flat nonreactive material
● Fusion – molding; hard, chocolate,
gummy gel chewable; requires heat,
special mold, skills and calculations of
weight and volume
 Shapes

● Flat
● Circular
● Octagonal
● Biconvex
● Cylindrical
 Types of Lozenges

● Medicated Lozenges
Examples:
Dichlorobenzyl alcohol + Amylmetacresol
(Strepsils), Flurbiprofen (Strepsils),
Dextromethorphan HBr (Strepsils Dry
Cough), Benzydamine HCl (Difflam),
Menthol+Licorice root+Ginger+Indian
Gooseberry (Vicks Vapodrops)
 Types of Lozenges

● Non-medicated
Examples: Candies, Lollipop
 Classifications of Medicated Lozenges

● Hard Lozenges – center filled hard

candy lozenges, liquid filled, fruit
centres, paste centres, fat centres
● Chewable gel Lozenges – Caramel,
Toffee
 Troches
● Compressed lozenges – 1.5-4 grams;
large in diameter; having desired area
of activity on mucous membrane and
mouth
● Sweetener: Dextrose, Corn syrup,
Sucrose
● Acidulants: Citric acid, Fumaric acid,
Tartaric acid
● Colorants
 Troches

Active Ingredients
● Local Anes: Benzocaine, Dicoline
● Anti-histamines: Diphenhydramine HCl
● Anti-tussives: Dextromethorphan HBr
● Analgesics: Aspirin, Acetaminophen
● Decongestants: Phenylpropanolamine
HCl
Dietary Reference Intake for Calcium
Age Milligram/day Tolerable upper intake level
(mg/day)
Infants 0-6 months 200 1000
Infants 6-12 months 250 1000
Children 1-3 y.o. 700 2500
Children 4-8 y.o. 1000 2500
Adolescents 9-18 y.o. 1300 3000
Adult 19-50 y.o. 1000 2500
Adult male 51-70 y.o. 1000 2000
Adult female 51-70 y.o. 1200 2000
Adult >70 y.o. 1200 2000
Pregnant/Lactating Females
14-18 y.o. 1300 3000
19-50 y.o. 1000 2500
End of Discussion