MEET THE TEAM

A J E E T S I N G H J AT

KANISHK CHOUBEY

VA N S H N A M D E V

MOHIT SONI

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A S Y N C H R O N O U S D ATA T R A N S F E R
MODES OF TRANSFER
PRIORITY INTERRUPT

C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M O R G A N I Z AT I O N
ASYNCHRONOUS DATA TRANSFER
A S Y N C H R O N O U S D ATA T R A N S F E R

Asynchronous data transfer

is a method of transmitting
data where the sender and
receiver are not
synchronized(an exchange
between multiple devices
or programs making the
data on all devices
identical) with each other
in terms of timing.

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A S Y N C H R O N O U S D ATA T R A N S F E R

Data is sent in the form of characters or

bytes, with each character typically
accompanied by a start bit and a stop bit.

The sender and receiver may have

different clock speeds or may not
share a common clock signal.

Asynchronous communication is
commonly used in serial communication,
such as RS-232, UART, or USB.

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MODES OF TRANSFER
MODES OF TRANSFER

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MODES OF TRANSFER

Programmed I/O (PIO):

In this mode, the CPU transfers data between

I/O devices and memory by directly controlling
the data transfer. It is the slowest mode of
transfer and requires active CPU involvement.

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MODES OF TRANSFER

Interrupt-Driven I/O:
In this mode, the CPU issues a command to
the I/O device to perform data transfer.
When the I/O operation is complete, an
interrupt signal is generated to inform the
CPU, allowing it to continue with other tasks.
It is more efficient than programmed I/O.

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MODES OF TRANSFER

Direct Memory Access

(DMA) :
DMA is the fastest mode of transfer. In this
mode, a specialized DMA controller manages
data transfers between memory and I/O devices
without CPU intervention. The CPU sets up the
DMA controller, which then handles data
transfer independently.

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PRIORITY INTERRUPT
PRIORITY INTERRUPT

Priority interrupt is a
mechanism in computer
systems where interrupts are
assigned different priorities
based on their urgency or
importance. When multiple
interrupts occur
simultaneously or in quick
succession, the system must
decide which one to handle
first.

For example, in a
multitasking
operating system, a
Priority interrupt allows hardware error
the system to handle interrupt may have a
higher-priority higher priority than a
interrupts before lower- user-level software
priority ones. This interrupt. The system
ensures that critical will process the
tasks are addressed hardware error
promptly. interrupt first to
address the critical
issue.
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DOUBTS

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THANK YOU