GUESS

THE
PICTURE
•FAST AND
FURIOUS
•TITANIC
•SPIDERMAN
•THE COMMUTER
•MAZE RUNNER
MOTION
 Chapter 7

Calculated
Moves
Objectives:
• explain physical quantities like
displacement, velocity and acceleration;
• solve simple problems on motion;
• comply with traffic rules and regulations
for road safety.
 MOTION
• a continuous
change in
position
 Position
• Location of an object
with respect to a
frame of reference.
 Frame of reference
• A system that allows an
observer to specify
quantitatively where and
when something is
observed
Frame of reference
Study of motion can be divided
into two:

•1. Kinematics
•2. Dynamics
 Study of motion can be divided
into two:
• 1. Kinematics – describes the
motion in terms of
displacement, velocity and
acceleration.
• 2. Dynamics – relates force
and motion
 Translation

•Motion in a
straight line
Quantities may be describe as:

• 1. Scalar quantities
• 2. Vector quantities
 DISTANCE vs
DISPLACEMENT
 DISTANCE vs
DISPLACEMENT
• Distance is the length of the path
taken by the body in moving from its
initial to final position. It is scalar
• Displacement is a vector with direction
pointing from the initial to the final
position and a magnitude or length to
the straight-line distance from the
initial to the final position
SPEED vs VELOCITY
SPEED vs VELOCITY
• Speed is a scalar (is a measure
of how fast a body moves.
• Average speed – is the total
distance traveled by a body per
unit of time interval
SPEED vs VELOCITY

•v=d ÷ t
•vave= df-do÷ tf-to
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED

•Its speed at a
particular time, with
time being
extremely small
 Velocity
• Is a measure of the speed
and direction to which the
body is moving.
• Average velocity – is the
total displacement per unit
time.
 INSTANTANEOUS
VELOCITY
•Its velocity at an
instant time
 TIME
• The interval over which change
occurs
• Elapsed time – is the
difference between the ending
time and beginning time.
 TIME

•t= tf - to
 Sample Problem 7.1 on page 176
• You traveled 25.0km from your house to a
shopping mall to meet a friend. Upon reaching
the mall, your friend texted you that she cannot
come. Sadly, you went back home following the
same path.
• A. what was the total distance traveled?
• B. what was your displacement?
• If the entire trip took you 0.75hr, what was your
• C. average speed
• D. average velocity?
 Problems:
• In 1987 Steve Weldon ate
91.44m of spaghetti in
28.79s. At the same
velocity, how long would it
take him to eat 15m of
spaghetti?
• A motorist from Manila
travels a distance of
243.2km to Baguio
during a 3.38hr period.
What is the velocity of
the motorist?
• How far will be the
motorist in the previous
problem be in 11.2hrs at
the same speed? How
long will it take to travel
350km at the same
speed?
 ACCELERATION
•is the rate of
change in velocity
with respect to
time.
 ACCELERATION

•a=v÷t
• aave=vf-vo÷ t
 ACCELERATION
• Moving with changing speed
• with constant speed but with
changing direction
• With changing speed and
changing direction
 INSTANTANEOUS
ACCELERATION
•The acceleration
at a specific
instant in time
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
• A car accelerates from rest to a
speed of 21m/s in 18s. What is
the acceleration of the car?
• A car slows down from a speed
of 87km/hr to 50km/hr in 26sec.
What is the acceleration in
m/s2?
 Problems:
• A bicycle accelerates from rest at
0.052m/s2. How long did it take
the bicycle to acquire a speed of
37km/hr?
• A car accelerates uniformly in a
straight line from 17m/s to 29m/s in
6.17s. What is the acceleration?
 Problems:
• A truck’s velocity on a straight highway
increases from 16km/hr to 89km/hr in
35s. Determine the acceleration in
m/s2.
• A car starts from rest and speeds up
uniformly to the right until it reaches a
maximum velocity of 66m/s in 12.56s,
what is the acceleration of the race car?
• Every morning you jog around a
250m track four times in 30 mins.
What is your average speed?
• A student drives 56km from his home
to school in 43mins. Calculate the
speed.
• The average speed of Basty in brisk
walking is 1.7m/s. How long will it
take him to travel a distance of
1.5km?
• A truck’s velocity was 70km/hr,
South. How far did it go after
16min?
• A car travels at 75km/hr for
2hr, at 55km/hr for 1hr and
20km/hr for 05.hr. What is the
average velocity?
 Types of Motion

• 1. Uniform motion –
simplest type of motion
• 2. Free fall
• 3. Projectile
 Uniformly Accelerated Motion

• vf = vi + at (a= vf - vo ÷t)
• vf = vo + 2ad
2 2

• d= v it + at 2
÷ 2 or
d= vit +1/2at 2

d= vf - v ÷ 2a
2
i
2
 Sample Problem 7.3
• A body moving in straight line with a
velocity of 5.0m/s was observed to be
moving at 12.0m/s after 14.0s.
• A. what is the acceleration of the
body?
• B. how far has the body moved during
the time it was being observed?
 Sample Problem 7.3
• Given: vi = 5.0m/s vf= 12.0m/s t =
14.0s
• Find: a
• Formula: a = vf – vi ÷ t
• Sol’n: a = 12.0m/s – 5.0m/s ÷ 4.0s
• a=0.5m/s2
 Sample Problem 7.3
• Given: vi = 5.0m/s vf= 12.0m/s t =
14.0s
• Find: d
• Formula: a = vf – vi ÷ t
• Sol’n: a = 12.0m/s – 5.0m/s ÷ 4.0s
• a=0.5m/s2
 Sample Problem 7.3
• Given: vi = 5.0m/s vf= 12.0m/s t =
14.0s a=0.5m/s2
• Find: d
• Formula: a = vf2 – vi2 ÷ 2a
• Sol’n: a = (12.0m/s)2 – (5.0m/s)2 ÷
2(0.5m/s2)
• D = 119m
 Problems

• A bicycle accelerates
from rest at 0.017m/s .
2

How long did it take the

bicycle to acquire a
speed of 37km/h?
• A truck’s velocity on a
straight highway increases
uniformly from 18km/h to
62km/h in 25s. Determine
A. The acceleration in m/s2
B. The distance traveled
during this period
• A bus traveling 52m/s
in increasing its speed
at the rate of 4m/s 2.

Find the distance

covered in 8s.
 Freefall
• Aristotle – heavy objects fall
faster than the lighter ones.
• Galileo – heavy and light
objects fall at the same time.
• Freefall – a state wherein the
only force acting in a falling
object is the force of gravity.
 Original formula

• vf = vo + at ----- vf = vo + gt

• d= vot +at2÷2 ---- d= vot +gt2÷2

• vf = v + 2ad---- vf = v + 2gd
2
o
2 2
o
2
Bodies dropped (vo = 0)
Bodies thrown downward (w/ vo )

• vf = vo + gt ---- t= vf - vo ÷g

• d= vot +gt ÷2
2

v
• f 2
= v o
2
+ 2gd--- d= v f
2
- v o ÷2g
2
 Bodies thrown upward (w/ vo at
the highest point vf is 0)
• vf = vo - gt ---- t= vf - vo ÷ -g

• d= vot - gt ÷2
2

v
• f 2
= v o
2
- 2gd--- d= v f
2
- v o ÷ -2g
2
 Bodies dropped
• A stone is dropped from the top
of a tower 45m high.
A.How long will it take to hit the
ground?
B.With what velocity will it hit the
ground?
• A marble drops from a
building and hits the ground
in 3.6s
A.How high is the building?
B.With what velocity will it
strike the ground?
 Bodies thrown downward
• A stone is thrown downward
with an initial velocity of 6m/s
from bridge 12m high.
A.With what velocity will it hit the
water?
B.How long will it take to hit the
water?
• A ball is thrown downward
at 65m/s from a roof of a
15m high. What is the
velocity when it reach the
ground?
 Bodies thrown upward
• Carlo threw a ball upward with an
initial velocity of 23m/s and was
able to catch it before it reached
the ground
A.What was its velocity after 1s?
B.What was its displacement in the
1s?
• A bullet is fired upward from a
gun at a velocity of 500m/s
A.How high is the highest point
reached?
B.How long will it take to reach
the highest point?
 Seatwork: one whole fold
lengthwise
1.A marble is dropped from the
top of a building 105m high. (A)
how long will it take to hit the
ground? (B)with that velocity
will it hit the floor?
 Seatwork: one whole fold
lengthwise
2. A bullet is fired vertically
upward at a velocity of 165m/s.
(A)how high is the highest
point? (B)how long it take to
reach the maximum height?
1. A pebble is thrown downward
with an initial velocity of 19m/s
from a tower 25m high. (A) with
what velocity will it hit the
ground? (B) how long will it take
to hit the ground?