LEARNING TARGET

At the end of this unit, you should be able to

analyze economic organization and its impacts
on the lives of people in the society.

1
VALUES AND ATTITUDES

In this unit, you should be able to do the following:

● Recognize strengths and limitations.

● Build flexibility and resilience to rebound from setbacks.
● Tackle challenges and create opportunities.

2
CONTEMPORARY EXPERIENCE

The State of Philippine E-Commerce

3
UNIT STIMULUS

4
Lesson 1
Economic Institutions: Reciprocity

5
The Meaning of Reciprocity

Reciprocity refers to the

voluntary giving or taking of
objects without the use of
money, in the hopes that in the
future, they could be given back.

6
The Meaning of Reciprocity

A good example of reciprocity is

the Filipino culture of utang na
loob. This is an act of kindness
or favor that is expected to be
given in return.
Forms of Reciprocity

Sahlins’ Typology

Generalized Reciprocity

Balanced Reciprocity

Negative Reciprocity

Marshall Sahlins
8
Forms of Reciprocity

Generalized Reciprocity

– refers to the exchange of goods

and services without a definite
time frame of when the favor
should be returned

9
Forms of Reciprocity

Balanced Reciprocity

– refers to the exchange that

occurs between groups or
individuals with the donor
expecting to receive something
of equal or similar value

10
Forms of Reciprocity

Negative Reciprocity

– groups try to maximize their

gains while giving as little as
possible

11
Economic Institutions- TrANSFER

12
13
The Meaning of Transfers

All professional and service employees of

the Philippines are required to pay their
income taxes to the government.

14
Transfers and the Government

Public goods are

provided to people
through various
programs and activities
that benefit its citizens.

15
Transfer payments maximize
the potential effects of money
on different social and
economic settings.

16
The Impact of Transfers to the Economy

The attractive socioeconomic

conditions of a state would
encourage more local
investments and economic
activities that could sustain
economic growth.

17