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Plot
Setting
Chracterization
 Sources of
Information:
Accessibility and
Effectiveness
 “
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary Sources

”
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1 Primary Sources
are documents that report
discoveries and first-hand
information.
Primary Sources
● Videos ● Personal accounts
● Pictures ● Personal documents
● Speeches ● Historical documents
● Literary texts
● Literary works
● Literary letters
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2 Secondary Sources
are documents written as a
recount of events.
Secondary Sources
● Evaluations
● Discussions
● Commetaries
● Interpretations of Primary Sources

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3 Tertiary Sources
are collections of information
from Primary and Secondary
sources
Tertiary Sources
● Indices ● Databases
● Abstracts ● Bibliographies
● Almanacs ● Encyclopedias
● Directories

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Activity
Tell whether each source is
Primary, Secondary or
Tertiary
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Book Review
Secondary

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Library
Catalog
Tertiary

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Almanac
Tertiary

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Birthday Card
Primary

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Doctors
Prescription
Primary

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Biography of
Meriam
Defensor-
Santiago
Secondary
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Taal Volcano
eruption video
Primary

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Web / Internet
Tertiary

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Literature
Review
Secondary

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Journal
Primary

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1 Scholary Articles
Scholarly Articles
● documents written by experts or scholars discussing
results of scholarly works like research
● peer-reviewed
● technical
● has specific methods

Examples: research project, research studies

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2 Books
Books
● source providing information in details segregated into
chapters or parts
● synthesized version of information

Examples: textbooks, novels

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 Government
3 Documents
Government Documents
● reports, censuses, policies, data, and statistics issued
and published by the government and its attached
agencies

Examples: court proceedings, laws, orders,

reports, statistics

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 News/
4 Magazine Articles
News / Magazine Articles
● source containing timely, brief and non-technical
explanations of events or commentaries for the general
public
● contains opinions and news

Examples: school paper, major newspaper,

magazines

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5 Reference Materials
Reference Materials
● sources providing answers to questions such as
statistics, maps, background information (re)directing
to additional sources
● factual
● detailed
Examples: atlas, almanac, dictionary,
encyclopedias
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Activity
Match the descriptions in
Column A with the terms in
Column B.
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 Column A Column B
____1. documents written by experts or scholars discussing a. Books
results of scholarly works like research b. Reference
____2. reports, censuses, policies, data and statistics issued and materials
published by the government and its attached agencies c. Scholarly
____3. sources providing answers to questions such as statistics, materials
maps, background information (re)directing to additional sources d. News/
____4. source containing timely, brief and non-technical Magazines
explanations of events or commentaries for the general public e. Government
____5. source providing information in details segregated into documents
chapters or parts.

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1 Accessibility
refers to the quality of being
easy to find, obtain and use.
Text Accessibility
refers to the
arrangement of
words for them to
be easily accessed.

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 Image Accessibility
provides additional
information about
the text or concept
through a picture.

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Audio Accessibility
provides additional
information through
listening skills.

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Video Accessibility
provides additional
information through
listening and
viewing skills.

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 Effectiveness
2 refers to the degree of being able to
achieve the desired result based
from their objective or purpose.
● 1. Satisfy the expectations of the academic
community you are writing for;
● 2. Show evidence of wide, informed and
relevant reading;
● 3. Show that your writing does not rely
mainly on personal opinion;
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● 4. Show the process by which you have arrived at
your own conclusions about the topic, and to enable
the reader to understand and evaluate the ideas and
information you are presenting;
● 5. Show your ability to integrate material from a
range of sources;
● 6. Show evidence of an analytical and critical
approach to your source material;

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● 7. Enable readers to follow up references or
perspectives of particular interest to them; and
● 8. Avoid plagiarism.

Plagiarism is a crime where a person

copies another person’s work without
proper crediting or authorization.
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How to avoid PLAGIARISM

M -onitor your sources

P -araphrase
Q -uote the original author
C -heck
R -echeck

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Activity
Answer Learning Task 3. Write
only the letter of the correct answer
on a sheet of paper.

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Activity
Complete the table on the next slide with
the correct examples of various sources
of information required per column.

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Books Scholarly Reference Government News/ Magazine
Articles Materials Documents Articles
1. Dictionary
2. Presidential Papers
3. Harry Potter by JK Rowling
4. Philippine Journal of Psychology
5. Manila Bulletin
6. Professional Regulatory Commission (PRC) ID
7. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitsgerald
8. Almanac
9. Modern Studies on Architecture, Art, and Design
10.Philippine Magazine
 Books Scholarly Reference Government News/ Magazine
Articles Materials Documents Articles

- Harry - Philippine - Dictionary - Presidential - Manila

Potter Journal of papers Bulletin
Psychology - Almanac
- The Great - PRC ID - Philippine
Gatsby - Modern Magazine
Studies on
Architecture,
Art and
Design
1 Accessibility
refers to the quality of being easy to find,
obtain and use.
2 Effectiveness
refers to the degree of being able to achieve the
desired result based from their objective or
purpose.
 Sources of
Information:
Accessibility and
Effectiveness
Activity
Answer the questions on the warm up
exercise in the beginning of your
handouts.

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1 Accessibility
refers to the quality of being easy to find,
obtain and use.
 Text Image
Accessibility Accessibility

Accessibility

Audio Video
Accessibility Accessibility
Text Accessibility
refers to the
arrangement of words
for them to be easily
accessed.

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 Text Accessibility
Refers to the  The most important details are placed in
arrangement the top portion of the material or as a
of words for heading.
them to be  Text style, which includes the size, color,
easily and others, is also focused on this type.
accessed.  Text should be clearly visible to readers.

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Image Accessibility
provides additional
information about the text
or concept through a
picture.

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Audio Accessibility
provides additional
information through
listening skills.

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Answer the following:
● Who are most vulnerable against COVID 19?
● How will you prevent yourself from having Covid?
● How do we get infected by Covid?

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Video Accessibility
provides additional
information through
listening and viewing skills.

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2 Effectiveness
refers to the degree of being able to achieve the
desired result based from their objective or
purpose.