Motion

8.1 Force
 Force
• A force is a push or a pull upon an object

- Gravitational force - Buoyant force

- Weight - Lift

- Normal force - Tension

- Frictional force - Magnetic force

- Drag - Electrostatic force

- Elastic force - Air resistance force

 Gravitational Force
• A force that pulls objects to the centre of the Earth
 Weight
• A force that upon the mass of an object due to the acceleration of gravity
 Normal Force
• A force that acts perpendicularly to the surface of an object
 Frictional Force
• A force exists between 2 surfaces that are rubbing each other
 Drag
• A force that resists an object from moving forward in the air
 Elastic Force
• A force in an elastic object due to stretching or compression
 Buoyant Force
• A force exerted on an object by fluid
 Lift
• A force that supports the weight of an object that floats in the air
 Tension
• A force on an object that is suspended on a rope or string
 Characteristic of Force
• Has magnitude (quantity or value) (Newton, N)

• Has direction (the path that a force moves toward)

• Has point of application (the location at which a

force is applied to the object)

• Is a vector quantity (physical quantity that has

magnitude and direction)
Force Diagram
 Measurement of Force
• Spring balance or newton balance

• SI unit: newton (N)

• 1kg = 10N
 Action Force and Reaction Force
• Force exist when 2 objects interact with
one another

• Newton’s Third Law: for every action

force, there is a reaction of the same
magnitude but in the opposite direction
Exercise