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  • Cell Signaling - Jisoo

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    andrea dyanne Azores
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    Cell signaling is the process by which cells detect and respond to external stimuli through communication between cells. A stimulus causes the release of a ligand that binds to cell surface receptors and activates G proteins, which then amplify the signal by releasing second messengers to activate intracellular enzymes and induce responses like secretion, transcription, movement, and metabolic changes in the target cell. Alternative signaling activities can include opening ion channels, acting as membrane-bound enzymes, or acting as intracellular receptors.

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    Cell signaling is the process by which cells detect and respond to external stimuli through communication between cells. A stimulus causes the release of a ligand that binds to cell surface receptors and activates G proteins, which then amplify the signal by releasing second messengers to activate intracellular enzymes and induce responses like secretion, transcription, movement, and metabolic changes in the target cell. Alternative signaling activities can include opening ion channels, acting as membrane-bound enzymes, or acting as intracellular receptors.

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    10 views5 pages

    Cell Signaling - Jisoo

    Uploaded by

    andrea dyanne Azores
    Cell signaling is the process by which cells detect and respond to external stimuli through communication between cells. A stimulus causes the release of a ligand that binds to cell surface receptors and activates G proteins, which then amplify the signal by releasing second messengers to activate intracellular enzymes and induce responses like secretion, transcription, movement, and metabolic changes in the target cell. Alternative signaling activities can include opening ion channels, acting as membrane-bound enzymes, or acting as intracellular receptors.

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    Cell signaling

    G11 Jisoo
    __ VOCABULARY __
    Cell signaling
    : the molecular mechanisms by which cells detect and respond to external stimuli, including
    communication between cells

    Ligand
    : a biological molecule which binds specifically to another molecule, such as a cell surface
    membrane receptor
    Transduction
    : the process of converting a signal from one method of transmission to another
    Amplification
    : The stimulation of one receptor molecule result in many second messenger molecules being
    made
    __ CELL SIGNALING __
    - pathway can be electrical (nervous system) or chemical (hormone)

    <Process>
    1. Stimulus (signal) causes cells to secrete ligand
    2. Ligand is transported to the target cell
    3. Ligand binds to cell surface receptors
    4. G protein release second messenger by amplification
    5. Second messenger activates an enzymes
    6. In response, secretion, transcription, movement, and metabolic changes happens
    __ ALTERNATIVE ACTIVITY OF A CELL
    __
    1. Opening an ion channel
    - change of membrane potential
    2. Acting directly as a membrane-bound enzyme
    3. Acting as an intracellular receptors

    ** Some signaling molecules are hydrophobic (ex. steroid hormone)


    - can diffuse directly across the cell surface membrane & bind to receptor

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