人教课标

高二 选修
7
Unit 1
Discovering useful words
and expressions
 英语词缀在英语语言的整个历史
发展过程中起着积极的作用。它不仅扩
充了英语词汇，也丰富了语言的表达能
力。我们学习英语要掌握大量的单词关
键就在于掌握好英语词缀。词缀分为前
缀 (prefix) 和后缀 (suffix) 两种。
 前缀，后缀词义与词性变化的普遍
规律分别总结如下 :
一、前缀一般只改变词义，而不改变词性。
如:
natural (adj. 自然的 ) — unnatural (adj.
不自然的 )
fasten (v. 捆住 ) — unfasten (v. 打开 )
balance (n. 平衡 ) — unbalance (n. 失衡 )
二、后缀不仅改变词性，也改变词义。
如:
invent (v. 发明 ) — inventor (n. 发明者 )
safe (adj. 安全的 ) — safety ( n. 安全性 )
deep (adj. 深的 ) — depth (n. 深度 )
press (v. 按，压 ) — pressure (n. 压力 )
accurate (adj. 准确的，精确地 ) —
accuracy (n. 准确，精确度 )
1. -age 为抽象名词后缀，表示行为和状态
percentage 百分数，百分率
shortage 不足，缺少
2. -cy 表示抽象名词
accuracy 准确，精确度
3. -ence 、 -ance 表示性质和动作
difference 不同， influence 影响，感化，
4. -ency 、 -ancy 抽象名词后缀
emergency 紧急，急救， fluency 流利，流畅
5. -er 表示……人、……者
beginner 初学者，创始人 reader 读者
6. -ian 表示人称名词
physician 医师，内科医师 technician 技
术员
7. -ion 由动词构成的名词
occasion 偶然原因，近因，时机
8. -ist 表示人称名词
biologist 生物学家 chemist 化学家
9. -logy 表示学科
morphology 形态学 histology 组织学
10. -ment 表示动作，行为或具体事物
measurement 测量，量度 experiment 实验
11. -ness 加在形容词后构成抽象名词
coldness 寒冷 darkness 黑暗
12. -or 表示……人，……物
doctor 医生 monitor 监视器
13. -th 由形容词构成名词
length 长度 width 宽度
truth 真理
14. -ty 表示性质
Speciality 特征 , 专业 responsibility 责任 , 责
1. -able 表示可能的，可以的
excitable 易兴备的， acceptable 易接受
的
2. -al 表示有……的属性
typical 典型的， parasternal 胸骨旁的。
3. -ant 有些是从动词派生来的
significant 在意义的， important 重要的
4. -ent 与 -ant 同类
consistent 坚定的， different 不同的
5. -ful 由名词构成形容词
useful 有用的， successful 成功
的， plentiful 丰富的， helpful 有帮
助的
6. -ible 与 -able 相同
visible 可见的， impossible 不可能的
Noun Adjective
ambition ambitious
absence absent
suitability suitable
benefit beneficial
annoyance annoyed/annoying
 Noun Adjective
clumsiness clumsy
firmness firm
noise noisy
psychology psychological
encouragement encouraging
1. How do you measure the length of a race
round a racetrack?

He overtook the other runners on the last lap.

他在最后一圈时超过了其他的赛跑选手。
2. How would you feel if someone kept
talking when you were trying to read?
 annoy vt. 使不悦；惹怒；打扰
annoyed adj. ( 人 ) 感到生气 ( 恼
怒)的
annoying adj. ( 事情 ) 惹人生气的
annoyance n. 烦恼；烦扰
常用搭配：
be annoyed with sb. 对……感到生气
be annoyed for /at/about sth.
e.g. These flies are annoying me.

这些苍蝇真使我心烦。
She looked annoyed.
她看样子很烦恼。
Dorian is never annoyed with me.
多丽安从不跟我生气。
He was annoyed about the matter.
他为此事很恼火。
3. In what way can a teacher check if you
have learned the new words by heart?
1. 口述；听写 [U]
The pupils wrote at the teacher’s dictation.
学生按照老师的口述写下来。
2. 口授 ( 或听写 ) 的文字 [C]
3. 命令 [U]
She was tired of her husband’s dictation.
她对丈夫的发号施令感到厌烦。
1. 口授，口述，使听写
Afterwards he dictated a few letters to her.
之后他对她口授了几封信。
2. 命令，规定，要求，指定
The police dictated where the large, noisy
crowd should stand during the parade.
警察指定在游行时那一大堆喧闹的人群应
站的位置。
4. What do you call an item written in a
diary or in a dictionary?
1. 进入，入场；出赛，参加 (+ into)
He supported that country’s entry into
the European Common Market.
2. 入口；门口；河口；通道 (+ to/of)
The entry of the cave was hidden by
trees.
3. 项目；词条
The new edition contains 5,000 entries.
5. What kind of instrument does a doctor
need to examine viruses in blood?
6. How do you describe someone who is
happy to meet new people?
7. What do you call students in the same
year group and the same situation as you?
1. 【口】男人；家伙；人
A fellow must eat. 人总得吃饭。
2. 伙伴；同事
They are my fellows at school.
他们是我的同学。

1. 同伴的；同事的；同类的
He recalled his fellow traveler with pleasure.
他愉快地回忆起他的旅伴。
8. What do you call the behavior of one
student to others?
conduct vt. 指挥，管理，进行，引导，传
导 ( 光、电等 )
conduct sb. to some place 带领某人去某地
conduct sb. around some place
带领某人参观某地
conduct /show sb. in/out
引领某人进来 ( 出去 )
conduct oneself 举止；表现
1) He is respected by his colleagues because
he always _____ himself well.
A. shows B. conducts
C. praises D. reflects
2) As is known to all, rubber does not
______ electricity.
A. conduct B. carry
C. take D. load
 There was a time when children with
mental disabilities were prevented from
living a normal life ____________. They
in many ways
used to __________ in their own homes
sit around
after being educated in special schools.
Other people sometimes ___________ of
them.
made But now things are changing.
fun of
There are training programmes for
young people with mental disabilities,
which have proved very beneficial.
Students like Xie Li, mentally disabled
from birth, now have a chance to become
athletes. But it is a challenge. She has to
_______
adapt to training programmes as well as
mixing with other able-bodied athletes.
“Xie Li’s confidence has grown,” said her
father. “She looks much better and is not
so often ____________
out of breath after her training.
________
All in all her mother and I are very happy
with her progress.” So, instead of
__________
cutting out mainstream activities,
mentally disabled students can become
part of the mainstream. _____________
In other words
they can lead a more fulfilling life.
 There was a time when children with
mental disabilities were prevented from
living a normal life in many ways.

1. 此句中 when 引导定语从句修饰先行

词 a time 。表示“一段……的时间”。
e.g. There was a time when I hated to go
to school.
2. prevent … from doing sth. 表示“阻
止 …… 干某事”
3. live a … life 表示“过……的生活”，
也 可为 lead a … life.
S1: All in all Xie Li’s confidence has
grown. In other words she is more
outgoing.
S2: In many ways she is becoming more
active and happier.
S3: She’s not so often out of breath after
training. She has adopted to it well.
Review the phrases you have
learnt in this part and try to
make sentences using them.