Therapeutic Modality

THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES
REFERENCES:
• BJMP THERAPEUTIC MODALITY MANUAL
• TC Primer – DOJ – Parole and Probation Administration
• BUCOR TC Manual
• Websites:
– https://probation.gov.ph
– https://bucor.gov.ph
– https://www.bjmp.gov.ph
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY - BJMP
• The mandate of the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
(BJMP) is both safekeeping and development of inmates.
• The thrust of the Directorate for Inmates Welfare and
Development is to devise programs for inmate development to
prepare them for their eventual reintegration into the
mainstream of society.
• Behavioral and psychological development is of utmost
importance since some offenders lack the necessary moral,
emotional and psychological stability to make them law abiding
citizens upon release from jail.
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY - BJMP
• The Therapeutic Community Modality Program (TCMP) is a
self-help social learning treatment model which utilizes the
community as the primary therapeutic vehicle to foster
behavioral and attitudinal change.
• In this modality, the person learns and practices skills and
responsibilities through structured activities that they can
transfer to the society upon their release. Each participant is
expected to be contributing member of the community.
 At present, TCMP is recognized as the backbone program of the
BJMP for inmate development and is being implemented in majority
of the jails nationwide.
 The program was inconsistently implemented as it wavered due to
varied reasons. Despite the training of numerous jail personnel, the
practice of TCMP remained far from being ideal. A lot of
modifications and deviations were introduced that some programs
lost their fidelity to the core essence of TCMP.
 It is for this reason that this official BJMP TCMP Manual was crafted
to serve as reference and guide to TCMP practitioners to attain
uniformity in the practice of the program.
 BJMP personnel, as well as inmates, should be well versed with the
contents of the manual as these are necessary to attain therapeutic
goals.
TCMP IN THE BJMP: BACKGROUND
• In the BJMP, Therapeutic Community Modality Program (TCMP)
was introduced in 1998 when a group of personnel underwent a
six (6) week live-in trainer’s training under the DAYTOP
International trainers sponsored by the US State Development.
• From then on, a number of BJMP personnel were trained by
DAYTOP trainers, namely Aloysius Joseph, Frederick Loke,
Jimmy Curtin and Fernando Perfas.
• The program was initially implemented in selected jails in the
National Training Institute (JNTI) likewise incorporated the
TCMP into its Program of Instruction (POI) for BJMP personnel
undergoing mandatory trainings.
• Despite the significant number of trainer’s training conducted,
sustaining the TCMP in jails remained a challenge. There is also
the prevailing issue of development versus security.
• The wardens were adamant to implement the program for fear
of security laxity due to the increased mobility of inmates during
activities.
• The low ratio of jail personnel to inmates has caused such
alarm.
• Despite these factors, some jails continue to implement the
TCMP but activities are mostly centered on the Morning
Meeting.
• The TC staffs are regularly rotated to other jails as part of
the BJMP rules thus leaving a vacuum on the respective
jails if not properly consistency makes it difficult for the
program to thrive.
• Despite their TC training, TC staff generally feels inept to
handle the program.
• On assessment of the existing TCMP in certain jails, some
modifications were introduced which tend to deviate from
the core essence of the program, hence this TCMP manual
has been crafted.
• Due to the large number of jails nationwide and the huge
budgetary requirement needed to train all the prospective TC
staff, the DIWD came up with a program decentralizing the
training activities to minimize manpower and resources.
• Every region was required to identify and establish a regional
model TC jail which will be developed by a regional core
group of TC trainers.
• The regional model TC jail will then serve as a training center
for prospective TC staff for the respective regions.
• This is an effective way of reaching even the rural jails to
implement TCMP on a national scale.
• In November 2012, the BJMP National TC Technical Working
Group initiated the crafting of the BJMP TCMP Operational
Manual which will serve as reference for a standard and
uniform TC implementation and training of personnel and
inmates.
OBJECTIVES
• To introduce and institutionalize TCMP as the backbone
program of the BJMP for inmate development.
• To provide the jail TCMP implements with a manual that
will serve as a guide in the proper implementation of the
program.
• To attain uniformity and standardization in the
implementation of TCMP and ensure its fidelity to the core
essence of the program.
TCMP CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Behavioral
Manageme
nt
Therapuetic
Vocational Community Emotional
and Modality and
Survival Program (TCMP) Psychologic
Skills al
Intellectual
and
Spiritual
TC PHILOSOPHY
• I am here because there is no refuge finally, from myself.
• Until I confront myself in the eyes and hearts of others, I am running.
• Until I suffer them to share my secrets, I have no safety from them.
• Afraid to be known, i can know neither myself nor any other, I will be
alone.
• Where else but in our common ground can I see such a mirror?
• Here, together, i can at last appear clearly to myself, not as the giant
of my dreams nor the dwarf of my fears, but as a person, part of the
whole, with my share in its purpose.
• In this ground, i can take a root and grow, not alone anymore, as in
death but alive to myself and to others.
LAYUNIN
Ako’y naririto sapagkat hindi ko matatakasan and aking sarili.
Hanggang hindi ako nagiging matapat sa pagpuna sa aking sarili.
Sa mata at puso ng iba, ako’y tumatakbo.
Hangang hindi ko inilalahad ang labi ng aking mga lihim,
Ako’y walang kapayapaan, sa malaking takot na sarili’y mabunyag.
Hindi ko maunawaan ang aking sarili at pagkatao ng iba.
sa dilim mananatiling nag-iisa, saan pa kundi sa piling ng katulad ko
Makikita ang tunay na salamin sama-sama dito sa wakas,
Matatanggap ko ang tunay at sariling pagkatao.
Di ang baliw ng aking pangarap o alipin ng aking takot.
Sa halip bilang isang tao sakop ng sanlibutan at may bahagi sa layuning ito.
Sa lupang ito ako ay makapag-uugat at susupling.
Di na ako muling mag-iisa tulad sa kamatayan.
Sa halip ay may alab ang buhay sa sarili at kapwa.
CARDINAL RULES IN TC
• No sex or sexual acting out
• No drugs / Alcohol
• No violence or threat of violence
• No stealing
HOUSE RULES
• Gumalang sa mga kawani ng pamahalaan
• Igalang ang mga nanunungkulan at sumunod sa mga
patakarang ipinatutupad
• Panatilihing malinis and loob at labas ng selda, ganoon din ang
kalinisan at kaayusan sa sarili.
• Bawal pagkwentuhan and kapwa PDL lalo na ang mga gumawa
ng usapin ukol sa mga personnel.
• Pumila ng tahimik at maayos sa oras ng bilangan, ipusod and
buhok at siguraduhing nakapaloob and damit sa pantalon.
• Bawal makitarima o makiselda kung walang mahalagang
gagawin.
HOUSE RULES
• Bawal lumikha ng ingay sa loob at labas ng selda pag oras ng
pahinga.
• Bawal magbenta, mangutang o magpautang gamit man o pera
sa kapwa PDL.
• Lumapit lamang sa mga nanunungkulan sakaling may problema
at hindi maaring dumirekta sa mga personnel.
• Bawal pumunta o pumasok sa mga ipinagbabawal na lugar.
• Bawal mag-aksaya o magtapon ng sobrang pagkain.
• Bawal kumuha o gumalaw ng gamit na hindi mo pag-aari.
• Maari lang lumabas ng selda kung may gagawin.
HOUSE RULES
• Bawal lumapit o kumausap ng hindi mo dalaw lalo na kung
walang pahintulot galing sa personnel at huwag magpadala ng
mga ipinagbabawal sa inyong mga dalaw.
• Dumalo sa tamang oras ng aktibidad at panatilihin ang
katahimikan.
PHASES OF TREATMENT
• TCMP in the BJMP set up is quite unique in the sense that
inmates are in custody while undergoing trial for their
individual cases.
• Their length of stay is determined by how fast is the
disposition of their cases.
• The cases may be decided upon after a short period of time or
may last for years.
• Though the different phases of treatment is observed, it
cannot be fully implemented or may not be followed as
scheduled due to the uniqueness of the status of the
residents.
PHASES OF TREATMENT
Phase 1 - Entry/Orientation Phase
• Once the inmate is committed to jail, he undergoes a series of
examination to determine his physical, social and
psychological status.
• Upon his commitment, a resident is placed on orientation at
the reception and Diagnostic room/Orientation Room. In here,
he is acquainted with the TC program:
- The rules and norms of the community
- TC concepts, written and unwritten philosophy
- The staff and the members of the community
- The tools of the house
- Job functions and TC hierarchy
PHASES OF TREATMENT
Phase 1 - Entry/Orientation Phase

• He is then assigned a static group and a big brother who
will provide him with support and will walk him through the
orientation phase.
• At this phase, the resident is handled gently and is
expected to commit mistakes in the process of learning the
program.
• Sanctions on negative behavior are usually light with
emphasis on teaching.
PHASE II - Primary Treatment
• After proper orientation on the different TC concepts and tools,
the norms and rules of the community and the staff members,
the resident is now ready to undergo the treatment proper.
• He becomes a part of the community starting as a crew
member of the Housekeeping department until he gradually
ascends in the hierarchy. He must be knowledgeable on the
following:
• Proper use of the different tools to address personal issues and
concerns and shape behavior.
• Managing own feelings and learning how to express self
appropriately.
PHASE II - Primary Treatment
• Learning how to follow the rules and norms of the community
• Maximize participation in activities that are appropriate to the
resident’s need for growth.
• Learning how to trust the environment by disclosing self to the
community and develop insight in the process.
• Developing positive coping skills to deal with difficult life
situations.
• Enhancing educational and vocational skills to make him
productive.
• Improve social skills and recognize the importance of the
other people’s help in shaping behavior.
PHASE III - Pre Re-entry
• Under regular circumstances, the resident is expected at this
stage to have internalized the TC values and concept to start
life afresh.
• However, in the jail setting where entry and release are not
within the jail control, residents may not have reached this
phase of treatment before they even leave the jail facility.
• Regardless of the resident’s length of stay, he is expected to
undergo this phase prior to release into society.
• At this phase, the resident is expected to have proven his ability
to take on more responsibility hence needs lesser supervision.
He is considered a role model in the TC community.
PHASE III - Pre Re-entry
He should focus on the following learning:
• Rebuilding of social and family ties
• Going up the ladder of hierarchy by showing leadership
• Realization of his full potential to be a productive member of
society
• Mapping out of plans
PHASE IV - Re-entry
• In the ideal setting, a resident at this stage is now ready to be
released back to society as he has demonstrated adequate
self-control and discipline.
• The inmate is now preparing for his life outside of the jail and is
focused on making himself a productive citizen.
• He may start planning for job hunting and rebuilding family ties
and relationships.
• In the jail setting, the residents will stay inside the jail until
their cases are resolved or they have been convicted and
need to be remanded to the Bureau of Corrections.
PHASE IV - Re-entry
The resident must focus on the following:
• Transition to life outside of jail
• Creating a new lifestyle applying the tools and concept of TC
• Learning positive coping skills to deal with day to day situations
• Re-establishing and strengthening family ties and support
group
• Reintegration into the mainstream of society
• Developing realistic and attainable goals in life
PHASE V - Aftercare
• Aftercare is an outpatient program that requires clients to
report twice a week to an outreach center.
• They are required to attend group sessions to ensure their
adjustment to life outside jail to reduce recidivism.
• For clients released from jail, they are referred to the Parole
and Probation Administration and Local Government Units for
follow up and aftercare.
PHASE V - Aftercare
The client are focused on the following:
• Maintaining positive behavior and prevent recidivism
• Strengthening coping mechanism
• Maintaining relationships and support mechanism
• Sustaining interest in job or vocation to maintain livelihood
• Integration into society
Standard Parameters for Jail TCMP
• A. Physical Environment:
• The internal and external environment is comfortable, clean and
welcoming.
• TC Philosophy and unwritten philosophies are visibly posted
around the facility.
• Hierarchical structure and daily activities are displayed.
• There is adequate space to hold activities and rooms fr specific
meetings that require privacy.
• A clean and well maintained kitchen that complies with the
sanitary standards of BJMP.
• A. Physical Environment:
• Provision of recreation areas both indoors and outdoors.
• The dining area is equipped with enough tables and chairs to
accommodate the inmates.
• Adequate sanitary toilets and bathrooms that provide privacy to
users.
• Adequate space for sleeping and habitation that respects the
individual’s space.
• B. TCMP Staff:
• The TCMP staff has undergone proper training on TCMP.
• Presence of a permanent TCMP staff to supervise the program and
conduct the various activities.
• The TCMP staff will not be transferred to other jails until properly
covered by another TC trained staff.
• There is proper shift turn-over of TC trained staff on a daily basis.
• TCMP staff can be utilized to handled other tasks but puts priority to
TCMP.
• Regular meetings are held by staff to discuss progress, issues and
concerns about the program.
• B. TCMP Staff:
• All the jail staff are involved in the TCMP and are contributing
members.
• The staff works as a team in delivering services to inmates.
• The staff serves as role models and treats inmates with respect and
dignity.
• Incentives are given to TCMP staff in terms of awards and
commendations.
• C. The Therapeutic Environment - The PDLs’/Residents:
• The residents treat each other with respect at all times
regardless of age, religion, cultural diversity, etc.
• The residents practice a culture of honesty and openness in
discussing thoughts and feelings, providing and receiving
feedbacks.
• Confidentiality is respected and practiced.
• The residents are involved in decision making and planning in
TCMP activities.
• The participants of TCMP are change agents in bringing about
transformation among peers.
• C. The Therapeutic Environment - The PDLs’/Residents:
• The residents comply with the cardinal and house rules and
serve as “watchdogs” for their peers with the aim of correcting
erring members.
• Absence or minimal incidence of jail violence/disturbance.
• The residents respect the hierarchy and chain of command.
Chapter ll
BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION
• The Behavior Management is a component of Therapeutic
Community Modality Program (TCMP) that introduces the
concept and mechanics of the various shaping tools to include
Morning Meeting in order to facilitate the management of and
shape the behavior of the residents.
• This shows the essential elements and significance of the
tools which would provide the community common language,
increase cohesiveness and adapt to the moral and behavioral
code of the tools application.
Chapter ll
BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION
• The behavior shaping tools are ordered in hierarchy to
provide enough room for personal growth and learning.
• The community serves as a dynamic force that
motivates the individual to achieve positive behavior
change.
BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT
Objectives:
1. To introduce the concept of behavior management through
the use of various behavior shaping tools to residents.
2. To institutionalize the practice of behavior shaping tools to
foster behavior change among residents.
3. To highlight the importance of behavior management in
relation to the other TCMP components towards attitudinal
change among residents.
BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT
Indicators:
1. Residents will understand the different Behavior Shaping
Tools and practice them as part of their daily living.
2. Residents will utilize the different behavior shaping tools in
promoting change within themselves and others.
3. Residents will display improvement in demeanor,
communication and social skills.
4. Residents will understand the relevance of the different tools
in the attainment of behavior change.
BEHAVIOR SHAPING TOOLS
• Pre Morning Meeting Expulsion
• Morning Meeting General Meeting
• Talk To
Learning
• Pull Up
Experience/Bans
• Dealt With
• Haircut Haircut
• Learning Experience/Bans
Dealt With
• General Meeting
• Expulsion Pull-Up
Talk To
Figure 1. Hierarchy of Behavior Shaping Tools
PRE-MORNING MEETING
Duration / Frequency : Fifteen (15) minutes daily
Participants: Senior residents, Counselor
• Pre-Morning meeting is done early in the morning prior to the
Morning Meeting.
• Senior members of the community will meet for about fifteen (15)
minutes to discuss the attitude of the house the previous day.
• It is also where the senior members formulate solutions to the
concerns discussed and to be executed during the day.
• The attendees will also discuss the activities to be engaged in the
Morning Meeting and make sure that all participants are ready
with their corresponding parts and determine the amount of time
to be allotted for each part.
PRE-MORNING MEETING
Duration / Frequency : Fifteen minutes daily
Participants: Senior residents, Counselor
• The attendees will also discuss the activities to be engaged in
the Morning Meeting and make sure that all participants are
ready with their corresponding parts and determine the
amount of time to be allotted for each part.
• The group will agree on the theme or concept of the day.
• This is to make sure that everything is ironed out prior to the
conduct of the Morning Meeting such as the validation of pull-
ups and each concerns.
MORNING MEETING
• Duration / Frequency: One hour daily
• Participants: All residents, Counselor
• MORNING MEETING is a daily ritual addressing attitudes of
previous days, performed to start the day right.
• Morning Meeting is a daily ritual that starts the day in a TC facility.
• It is attended by the whole community and lasts for an hour.
• It commences with the:
– Opening Prayer,
– Singing of the Philippine National Anthem and
– Recitation of TC Philosophy.
MORNING MEETING
• Duration / Frequency: One hour daily
• Participants: All residents, Counselor
• It is Usually facilitated by any member of the community.
• It is divided into two (2) parts namely;
– 1. Public announcements and community concerns
– 2. Community-spirit building or up rituals
MORNING MEETING
• The first part of the meeting consists of public announcements
regarding important activities or businesses and other
information that the community needs to know.
• It is a review of how the community performed in the previous

day and check on the behavior of erring members through the
conduct of “pull-ups”.
• A pull up (verbal reprimand) is done as an expression of

concern over the lapses of some members and encourage
ownership of mistakes on the violators.
MORNING MEETING
• The pull-up is followed by affirmations of good deeds,
display of responsible concern towards peers or unselfish
acts of some residents.
• This is to show that the good deeds are not left unnoticed
and leave a feeling of self-worth to those concerned. The
first part of the Morning Meeting is a serious business
where the members are expected to be formal in their
demeanors.
Rules are set such as:
1. no side talking
2. no cross legging
3. no laughing
4. hand on the laps and
5. sit erect
• The Concept of the Day serves as a guide as to what direction
the community is headed for the day.
• It is elaborated by residents of the community to have a better
understanding of the whole concept.
• The concept of the day is preferably taken from the Unwritten

Philosophies of TCMP.
• The second part of the meeting consists of entertaining

presentations to lighten up the mood and start the day on a
positive note.
• It somehow develops some talents and shed off inhibitions of
participants.
PARTS OF THE MORNING MEETING
l. Community Announcement / Concerns
a. Opening Prayer (Ecumenical)
b. Singing of the Philippine National Anthem (Flag must be
displayed)
c. TC Philosophy (Adopted translation)
d. Announcements
Staff (Director, Asst. Director, Counselor & other
personnel)
 Residents (Coordinators, Dep’t Heads, Expediters)
 Report on Dorm Inspection by Chief Expediter
PARTS OF THE MORNING MEETING
l. Community Announcement / Concerns
e. Community Concerns
 Pull-Ups / elaboration
Affirmations
f. Concept of the Day
g. Verse of the Day
ll. UP - RITUALS
• h. News casting (Local, National, International,
Sports and Weather News)
• i. Entertainment (Choose either song, dance, skit,
humorous story)
• j. Community singing (Any song that has relation to
the concept of the day)
• k. Greetings
De
Expulsion
ity
cr
ea
er
ev
se
S
in
General Meeting
in
Fr
se
e
ea
qu
r
en
Inc
Learning Experience / Bans
cy
Figure 1. Hierarchy of Behavior Shaping Tools
HIERARCHY OF BEHAVIOR SHAPING TOOLS
• Behavior Shaping Tools (BST) is employed to strengthen the
learning process and the practice of more adaptive behaviors
within the social learning environment.
• The major tools of BST, such as the Talk To, Pull-up, Dealt with,
Haircut, Learning Experience, General Meeting and Expulsion
were developed as a means to correct behaviors of the residents
that violated the TC norms.
• The Hierarchy of Behavior Shaping Tools will serve as a guide to
determine which of the tools are appropriate to be used based on
the severity of the infraction or violations committed byte residents
against the TC Rules as shown in Figure 1.
HIERARCHY OF BEHAVIOR SHAPING TOOLS
TALK TO
A “Talk To” is an outright correction done by any member of the
TC community to another member who has done a minor
infraction but is not aware of it. It is a friendly reminder/advice
about an unacceptable behavior and must be done privately.
During a “Talk To”, the resident is made aware of his/her
negative behavior and the results it may have on others and the
environment. The feedback given to the resident who committed
mistake is done in a positive way. This is to evoke awareness on
the part of the violators to avoid committing the same mistake
and be given heavier sanctions if done in the future.
PULL-UP
• A Pull-up is done as a result of lack, missed or lapses in
awareness in a resident. All the members of the community are
responsible to pull-up minor infractions done by peers. It
encourages honesty, demeanor awareness and owning up to
one’s mistakes. This is done when the violator is unknown and
must be validated first prior to bringing up in the Morning
Meeting.
• Pull-ups create a certain degree of dissonance on the guilty
party whereby there is a strong internal conflict whether to
practice honesty or continue to live in a lie. When the resident
is able to overcome the impulse to lie and start practicing
honesty, his commitment to live by the TC standards increases.
PULL-UP
• The resident receiving the pull-up is expected to listen without
saying a word, assume that it is valid, quickly display the
corrected behavior and express gratitude in receiving it. After
one member did the pull-up, other residents who want to show
concern can make elaborations to give emphasis to the
infractions and concretize the admonitions that need to be
relayed to the violator. Two to three elaborations are ideal.
• Too many elaborations are discouraged as they may take so
much time. Focus should be given to the behavior and not the
person. It is meant to raise awareness and not to punish or
embarrass the violator.
• Personal attacks, shaming or the use of racist language are
strictly forbidden during pull-ups. It should be emphasized
that pull-ups are done out of responsible love and concern to
avoid creating negative feelings during the process.
• In a situation wherein no one stood and owned up a negative
behavior raised in the pull-up, the resident doing the Pull-Up
will narrow down the Pull-Up to make it clear and specific,
stating the place and time of the occurrence. In the event that
nobody stood to own it up, the resident doing the Pull-Up will
instead ask the community to stand and there, he/she will
deliver his pull-up addressing the entire family believing that
the violator is a responsibility of the whole community.
Example of a Pull-up:
The moderator asks for someone who has a Pull-up. A
member raises his hand and declared: “Who among my
brothers/sisters did not flush the toilet after using it early in the
morning?”
(Sinu-sino sa ating mga kapatid na naririto and hindi
nagbuhos ng tubig sa palikuran (kubeta) pagkatapos gumamit
kaninang umaga?) A few people stood up to admit the pull-up.
The resident doing the Pull-Up then gives his/her
admonition/advice to the violators. The moderator asks for
elaborations.
• All members attending the Morning Meeting must raise their
hands to show their concerns. It is noted that a question must
be asked mentioning the circumstances using the 3Ws (What,
Where, and When). The violators are not allowed to talk or
respond but just stand, face the community and accept the
admonitions. The number of elaborations depends upon the
number of Pull-Ups. The more Pull-Ups brought in, the less
elaborations.
• 1st elaboration: “Brothers/Sisters, we should always be aware
of our actions. Going to the toilet is a routine activity. It is a
must that we should flush it after usng to keep it clean. We
should always think of other people who might use it after us”.
• 2nd elaboration: “Brothers/Sisters, whatever our wrong
practices in the past are should be corrected here. We need
to put our lives in order. Flushing the toilet is a basic action
that needs no reminders. We should always practice
cleanliness and good hygiene”.
• 3rd elaboration: “Brothers/Sisters the reason we are here is
because of some wrongdoings. Let us leave all of those
behind us. Let us be aware of our actions and give
consideration to other people. We should impose on thers
what we don’t want to experience ourselves. Before leaving
the toilet, make sure that you have done what you are
expected to do. Please be responsible.”
DEALT WITH
• Dealt with is done when negative behaviors or infractions to
the House Rules/Norms are done for the second time of
same offense by a resident.
• A panel of three (3) composed of a senior resident, peer and
friend are tasked to deliver a serious and stern reprimand to
the subjected resident.
• Although the tool does not strictly require the presence of a
staff, to attain its purpose, the staff should monitor its conduct
to ensure that the panel assigned to the task really acted
appropriately. It is done privately in a room or an area with no
other else hearing the conversation.
DEALT WITH
Figure 2 shows the Dealt With Formation.
Resident
Subjected to
Dealt With
Senior
Peer Friend
Resident
HAIRCUT
• Haircut is done when negative behaviors or infractions to the
House Rule/Norms in the same offense are done for the third
time or more or for first time grave offenses. It is a carefully
planned and structured verbal reprimand given by a Staff with
four other residents - Senior Resident, Peer, Big Brother, and
Departmental Head (Figure 3). The tone is more serious and
can be loud, more harsh and exaggerated.
• This is done to induce anxiety and eventually change the
person’s behavior. Before the group calls in the person, they will
discuss among themselves the order of speakers, how intense
the haircut will be and what sanctions will be given if any. The
resident is then called inside and waits until he is asked to sit.
HAIRCUT
• He will be asked if he knows the reason for his appearance.
After the person's response, he will be asked to sit and remain
silent to enable him/her absorb all the advices.
• The haircut gives emphasis on the behavior of the resident
and the severity of the haircut should be appropriate to the
gravity of the offense. Each member of panel is given ample
time to express himself without interruption from the other
members. The staff or peer who booked the haircut should not
be part of the team so as to avoid bias or or subjectivity.
Before a resident be subjected to Haircut, his/her infraction
must be first investigated, discussed and decidedly the
Disciplinary Board
(Book ll, Rule 2, Section 4 of the BJMP manual). Sanction/Learning
Experience that has been decided upon by the Jail Disciplinary Board and
the TCMP staff will be imposed after the Haircut.
Resident
Subjected to
Haircut
Big
Senior Department
Staff Peer Brother/
Resident Head
Sister
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
• A Learning Experience (LE) is an action or activity given t a
resident who was subjected to Haircut or General Meeting
who did an infraction to correct or modify a behavior. LE
may be task - oriented, written task or peer interactions.
Since TCMP is educational rather than punitive in its
approach to behavioral change, the LE should be done in a
way that would remind the person of the negative attitude
he has done without compromising his human dignity. The
intent of the LE is not to stigmatize the person but to
motivate him to make restitutions for the wrong doings he
committed and redeem himself in the community.
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
• The LE should be related to the infraction committed for him
to focus on the behavior expected of him in the community.
It should not be given as a punishment but rather a
motivation to develop more positive attitude. This will
develop a sense of responsibility on him while stressing his
inadequacies. LE should be realistic and humane. Putting a
person on LE for more than one (1) week may lessen the
learning objective. Putting the person on LE for an extended
period of time or sanctions that are far harsher than the
offense or may deny him of the basic necessities may
border on abuse and violation of human rights.
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
• Close supervision with clear goals increases the effectiveness
of the sanction. Upon lifting the LE after seven (7) days, the
resident subjected to the tool will be accorded with a Senior
Resident coming from his/her Static Group who will provide
guidance and continually monitors the performance in the
house of the former.
• The Senior Resident assigned will give a self-report after fifteen
(15) days on how the resident (who undergone LE) carried out
his responsibilities after the LE and state therein the resident’s
condition whether he/she needs further supervision.
• The authority in giving LE lies in the Disciplinary Board and
TCMP staff.
Examples of LE:
• If a resident has been missing out in his responsibilities in
the kitchen, he/she can be assigned as in charge of
cleaning the kitchen for a specific period of time.
• If a resident repeatedly leaves his bed in disarray, he can
be asked to provide orientation and supervision to new
residents on how to keep their beds neat at all times.
Categories of Learning Experiences:
a. Task - Oriented LE
• Pots and Pans
• Grounds and Landscaping
• Cleaning and Maintainance
• Time Keeping (wake up calls, lights out calls)
b. Written tasks
• Composition or Essay
• Reproduction of TCMP Materials
c. Peer Interaction
• Reading and reporting of topic
• Announcements (Morning Meeting or House Meeting)
• Bans
BANS
• Bans are sanctions to members who commit repeatedly
infractions or violation to the Cardinal Rules by prohibiting,
disallowing or limiting an activity or affiliation to a group.
• It somehow curtails some freedom of movement and
association. This sanction causes unpleasant feelings which
people try to avoid hence may evoke behavioral changes in
the future.
BANS
• It must be applied consistently to the adverse behavior to
emphasize the negative consequences. Privileges limited
should have impact but must not limit individual ability to
meet personal hygiene, nutritional and emotional needs. A
resident subjected to Bans must be first processed in a
General Meeting called for the purpose.
• Examples of Bans:
• Regulation of visiting privilege
• Banned from attending Entertainment and Recreational
activities
GENERAL MEETING
• A repeated breach to the Cardinal Rules necessitates a
General Meeting. Such issue should be discussed with
the community to point out to the violator the negative
effect the behavior had on the community. Such offense
includes sexual acting-out with a fellow resident, taking
drugs and engaging in physical fight with another
resident. Other facilities include stealing or even
smoking as part of the Cardinal Rules. These behaviors
pose a threat to the community because they violate the
established order and safety of the facility.
Procedure in a General Meeting:
• 1. A General Meeting is called and led by a senior member
of the staff, usually the Director of the facility. The etent of
the problem is assessed to determine who among the
community members are involved in the incident. Those
guilty of the offense are asked to sit in a prospect chair. This
is to arouse anxiety and dissonance.
• 2. The Director sets the tone of the meeting and leads the
community in an open expression of opinions and feelings
regarding the offense brought out into the community. He
holds the community accountable for the slip of its members
as each is considered his “brother’s keeper”.
Procedure in a General Meeting:
• The Director opens the floor for feedbacks, inviting the
community for self-reflection and accountability. The
formation of the General Meeting is shown in Figure 4.
Example:
Director: “Good afternoon family! We are gathered here this
afternoon because two members of our community badly
need our help. They engaged in a physical fight which caused
some injuries in both of them. We have to ask ourselves how
we failed them. Why did we miss this brewing hostility
between the 2 of them?
• Remember, we are their keepers but we let them down by
allowing them to harbor the hatred towards each other without
us noticing it or doing something about it. We lack awareness to
detect the subtle signs that this incident is coming. Now, our
brothers/sisters are in this predicament because we were
remiss in our duties to care for them. I want you to account to
me what led to this.
• John: “Good afternoon family. I’m Mario and Greg’s big brother
but I failed to notice that something negative is going on
between them. I was preoccupied with my own business that i
failed to talk to any of them these past few days. Had I tried to
reach out, I might have learned something and could have
prevented this thing from happening. I feel guilty about it.
• These revelations are open to other members of the
community.
• 3. As soon as the mood is set and the level of awareness of
the community is raised, the leader calls for the violators to
face the entire community. The leader encourages the
community to express their feelings about the offense
committed by the violators.
Examples:
Peter: “Mario and Greg, I am very disappointed with what you
did. You were supposed to be our role models but what you
did just showed us how immature the both of you in resorting
to violence as a way of resolving your conflict. You had been
in the community for quite some time and we expect you to
know how to control your anger and use the tools of the
house to express them. I hope you can be more patient and
tolerant of each other. I really feel bad about what happened.
• 4. After some members of the community have expressed
their feelings, it is time for the violators to account for what
they did, share their deepest feelings and verbalize what
they learned from the mistake.
Example:
Mario: “Good afternoon family! I woulde like to apologize for
my behavior. I hadbeen harboring this dislike towards Greg
for quite some time and I just kept it to myself for fear that
other people might judge me. It just started as a petty
disagreement. I didn’t think that it will develop and pile up
until it came to a boiling point.
• I should have shared my feelings in the proper forum so we
could have resolved it without resorting to violence. I’ve
learned my lesson and I want to apologize to Greg for my
behavior. I hope we start all over again as friend.”
• Greg will be given the chance to make a statement as well.
• 5. After the violators made their statements and offer
commitments, the Director will mark the closure of the
issue and allow for processing of the events that transpired
and provide appropriate emotional support to the violators
who have just been subjected to intense emotional
experience.
• Sanction will then be given to the violators.
Legend:
Figure 4. General Meeting Formation - Director / Staff
- Subjected Residents
- Residents
EXPULSION
• In extreme cases, when a resident is incorrigible and
becomes a threat to the community (Instigator, initiator
of jail disturbances), the Director with the
recommendation of the Disciplinary Board may transfer
him/her to the nearest jail facility with an appropriate
Court Order.
CHAPTER III
PSYCHOLOGICAL and EMOTIONAL ASPECT
INTRODUCTION
• BJMP residents who are detained are basically
psychologically and emotionally challenged. They share
one thing in common, that is being incarcerated with
uncertainties as to the outcome of their individual cases.
They feel isolated, helpless and at times hopeless brought
about by separation from their loved ones and society in
general and all other issues that confront them while
incarcerated. Such emotional turmoil needs to be
addressed to help them bounce back and experience a life
of normalcy despite their unique situation.
CHAPTER III
PSYCHOLOGICAL and EMOTIONAL ASPECT
• The TCMP provides activities and services that cater to
this particular need. This topic tackles the discussion on
the therapeutic value of processing of feelings which does
not only lie on how freely one expresses them but more so
on the person’s ability to identify, acknowledge, and
express them appropriately.
INITIAL INTERVIEW / INTAKE INTERVIEW
INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING / ONE TO ONE
COUNSELING
GROUPS
* Static Group
* Peer Confrontation Group
• Secrets, Encounter Group, Extended Group
SPECIALIZED GROUPS
* Women’s Group
* Men’s Group
* Anger Management
* Loss and Bereavement
* Medication Support Group
COUNSELING
• Counseling is defined as a professional activity of helping
individuals, groups or communities enhance or restore their
capacity for psychological, emotional and social functioning
and creating an environment favorable for the attainment of
these goals.
Psychological Skills and Characteristics of Counseling:
* Empathy - is the ability to perceive the client’s feelings and
to demonstrate accurate perception of the client. It is merely
“putting oneself in the client’s shoes”. When the client feels
understood, a sense of trust or “rapport” is developed.
Rapport paves the way to a more meaningful communication
and may enable the client to understand and accept more of
his/her complexity of feelings.
• * Warmth - is also called “unconditional positive regard”. It
involves accepting and caring about the client as a person,
regardless of any evaluation or prejudices on the client’s
behavior or thoughts. It is most often conveyed through our
non-verbal behavior or bodily gestures.
• * Respect - is our belief in the client’s ability to make
appropriate decisions and deal appropriately with his or her
life situation, when given a safe and supportive environment
in which to do so. It is often showed best by not offering
advice or cheap comfort. The counselor shows his utmost
respect to the client by listening in silence and giving him the
opportunity to design his own solutions to the problem.
• A similar term for this is “empowerment” as the counselor
likewise demonstrates that he values the integrity of the
client.
• * Congruence or genuineness is being honest and
authentic in dealing with the client. It is showing real
concern rather than focusing on techniques during
sessions. It is also being aware of the counselor’s own
unmet needs and how it may affect his relationship with
the client.
• * Confidentiality means that anything discussed during
counseling sessions is held absolutely private and not to
be discussed anywhere. This contract should be held
sacred so as to maintain the client’s trust and enable him
to disclose sensitive matters to the counselor without fear
of any breach of confidentiality.
Pattern of Counseling Session:
1. Introduction: First 10 minutes
 Greet the client warmly.
 Smile and shake hands.
 Escort to the counseling room.
 Explain how the session is going to be to alleviate
fears.
 This is the time to develop rapport.
 Assure client on confidentiality.
2. Information gathering: about 20 minutes
 Know the reason for consultation.
 Client can start anywhere.
 Counselor may take notes.
 Clients needs to do almost all of the talking.
 Counselor may ask open questions or use techniques
like clarifying, rephrasing, focusing, reflecting, reality
testing, etc.
3. Discussion / Counselor Input:
 Counselor tells the client what he thinks the client is
saying.
 Counselor develops a list of concerns.
 Client would concur or not to the counselor’s
understanding.
 Prioritize problems and which one to work on
specific problem.
 Client will provide plans of action to work on specific
problem.
 Counselor will assist in mapping out plans.
4. Conclusion:
 Motivate the client that “he can do it”. If not, he may
need to be referred to a Professional.
 Brief client on what to expect the next session
(progress based on plan of action).
 End session on a positive note.
 Client should be able to list down things that he has to
look forward to over the next few days. If not, this is
a red flag for suicide.
When to break confidentiality?
1. Children are being neglected or abused.
2. Appearance in court as a witness.
3. Client expressed plan to commit suicide.
4. Client expressed plan to harm others.
INITIAL INTERVIEW / INTAKE INTERVIEW
• TCMP participants in jail are unique as they are not
necessarily drug users. TCMP is introduced as a program for
the development of inmates while they are awaiting trial. the
intake interview in jail setting is done by a Counselor to
newly admitted residents. The main purpose is to elicit
information about the resident and provide information about
the program and what the expectations are on both parties.
Full and honest disclosure is expected on the resident to
elicit adequate and elaborate information and come up with
the proper treatment plan.
INITIAL INTERVIEW / INTAKE INTERVIEW
Objectives:
1. To elicit information and foster trust and confidence between
the resident and the personnel in charge by using the intake
interview form
2. To provide the residents with the necessary information
about the program.
Indicators:
1. Established rapport
2. Established openness and cooperation
3. Developed insight
4. Expectations expressed and information provided
Participants: Newly committed residents, Counselor
Duration: 1 hour
Procedure: After the booking procedure, the Counselor /
IWDO will conduct the initial intake interview to the newly
committed residents using the intake interview form.
• * This is done only in a designated area and one resident
at a time.
ONE TO ONE COUNSELING / INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING

ONE TO ONE COUNSELING / INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING
Objectives:
• 1. To promote individual explorations and help surface
complicated and troubled feelings among the residents.
• 2. To provide a regular source of counseled guidance to
residents.
• 3. To assist the residents to develop better coping skills
and improve self-esteem.
• 4. To explore the different psychological tools which
promote the development of insight and increase sef-
efficacy among the residents.
Indicators:
1. Self-understanding
2. Established rapport.
3. Achieved a bigger, wider level of self-awareness.
4. Experienced relief from emotional distress.
Duration and Frequency: One to two hours per

session/depending upon the needs as designed by the
counselor.
Participants: Counselor and resident
• Procedure:
• 1. Individual counseling is a helping tool between the residents
and counselor. Residents are usually referred to the counselor
as needed by peers or staff based on the resident’s behavior.
• 2. The counselor uses different techniques and methods in
counseling.
• 3. The resident discusses different issues which causes his/her
difficulties.
• 4. Follow-up sessions will be done depending upon the needs
of the resident.
• 5. The length of the sessions will be determined by the
progress of the resident.
GROUP COUNSELING
Objectives:
• 1. To provide support to residents who fall behind and raise
awareness about problematic behaviors.
• 2. To help solve and overcome the problem.
• 3. To impart to residents the practice o TC norms and
values.
• 4. To develop awareness and insight into one’s motives,
feelings, and behavior.
Indicators:
1. Encouraged commitments
2. Problems addressed
3. Developed sense of belongingness
STATIC GROUPS
The Static Group is a permanent group of peers and
leaders that meet regularly while the residents are in
treatment. It is a sort of “home” group who provides support
for one another and to the new members of the community. It
is also facilitated by senior members of the group. It focuses
on group relationship and patters of behavior.
Duration / Frequency : One hour / once a week
Participants: 10-15 residents, counselor
Procedure:
• 1. Once a resident enters the jail, he/she is assigned to a
particular Static group. It serves as a permanent group that
addresses the general issues in treatment.
• 2. It utilizes confrontation from peers to evoke changes in
behavior though the group is primarily supportive. The
group provides immediate support to new members of the
community.
Procedure:
• 3. Each resident member is encouraged in expressing and
disclosing personal issues and concerns and receives
feedbacks from the other members. Violence and threat of
violence are prohibited.
• 4. For each session the group may discuss any topic of
desire may follow certain themes for a more systematic
flow of discussion.
• 5. By using confrontation, identification, support, affirmation
and giving feedback, residents learn and practice the TC
norms and values.
• 6. The residents are oriented to new and positive coping
styles which they can utilize to live a new lifestyle and
attain personal growth and better relationships.
• 7. When their emotional needs and problems are properly
addressed, their positive behaviors and attitudes emerge
and they will eventually feel better about themselves.
• 8. Focuses on the issues of the “here and NOW”. Personal
disclosure of the past is allowed if it affects the
present Confidentiality is strictly observed.
• 9. The static group does away with negative socialization
and employs positive re-socialization through a caring
relationship with peers.
PEER CONFRONTATION GROUP
• The group participants in Peer Confrontation group are
selected by the staff and group according to peers like
adult members will go with the same date of entry in the
facility and same goes with the middle and young
members.
• It is done in a more compassionate way where each
resident try to help one another. Participants confront each
other on what they do for themselves while in the facility
and ask how they are coping with it.
PEER CONFRONTATION GROUP
Duration / Frequency: One hour / twice a month
Participants: 10-15 residents, Coordinator
Procedure:
• 1. Participants will sit in a circle position.
• 2. Staff may sit just outside the circle or there may be no
staff.
• 3. There is no particular order of speaking. It is
conventional and free-wheeling.
• 4. Participants may start with prayer.
• 5. Participants may then say “What do you say about me?
or Please give me a feedback on my progress here “or how
do you see me?
• 6. Any of the other participants may give an honest,
straight-forward feedback. Tone and feeling should be
proportionate to the issue.
• 7. Peer confrontation is done in a compassionate way
where each resident try to help one another and identify
certain issues which could be a hindrance to his recovery.
• 8. At the end of the sharing, the resident is asked a
commitment about issue that he feels
uncomfortable dealing with.
SECRETS
• Secrets are a group activity where participants are given
the opportunity to unload emotional baggage and thus
experience freedom from internal psychological conflicts.
• It promotes trust among the participants knowing that each
will reveal his utmost secrets to the group. It also aims to
deepen mutual respect among the participants.
Duration / Frequency: 1-2 hours / once a month
Participants: Staff, 10-12 residents
Procedure:
• 1. From a group of 10-12 residents, preferably of variedly
different persons.
• 2. Each one is instructed to go to a place where they can
be alone and free from distractions.
• 3. In a piece of paper, the resident will write a letter to
himself about an event in his life which he has been
keeping as a deep secret because it has caused a lot of
pain, guilt, shame or anxiety.
Procedure:
• 4. The letter is written as if he is addressing it to somebody
and could start as “Dear Friend”. He should not state
his name or any name and place which could lead the
group as to the writer. He may write it in a way that would
not give away any hint. This is done for 30 minutes.
• 5. The group then converges and all the rolled letters will
be placed in a bag. The residents will be seated in a
circle. The first one will be asked to pick up a letter an read
it aloud to everyone as if he is reading his own letter. The
rest will provide advice, moral support, motivation or
encouragement to the reader.
Procedure:
• 6. The facilitator admonishes the participants to refrain
from curiously trying to find out the owner of the letters.
Everyone is likewise admonished to keep the discussions
strictly confidential.
• 7. After all the letters were read, the facilitator will do a brief
processing focusing on the feelings of the participants and
how it affected each one of them. The group may choose
to pray as a closing ritual.
Procedure:
• 8. Before the group adjourns, the facilitators collects the
letters and burn them in a clay bag or garbage bin as a
symbolic ritual of letting go of all the hurts and pains
and not allowing them to hinder their future growth.
ENCOUNTER GROUPS
• The Encounter Group serves as a “safety valve” within the
community which is usually high pressured and structured.
It is a forum for members of the community to verbally
express pent-up or negative emotions within a structured
and safe environment without resorting to violence or
aggression and without fear of reprisal.
• There are strict behavioral norms and rules observed
during an encounter group such as no violence or threat of
violence, no attact on personal dignity, speak only for
oneself and remain seated at all times.
ENCOUNTER GROUPS
• The language used in expressing their feelings is seldom
restricted though in the Filipino culture, use of foul
language is avoided to prevent harboring of negative
feelings from the receiver. The primary goal of an
encounter group is to raise awareness of behaviors and
explore the underlying feelings that led to such negative
emotions.
• Duration /Frequency: 1-1 1/2 hours / once or twice a
week
• Participants: Counselor, 2 co-facilitators, 8-10 residents
ENCOUNTER GROUPS
Procedures:
• 1. A resident may drop a slip on another resident stating
his name, the name of the person he is dropping the slip.
Only feelings of hurt, anger and concern can be reasons
for encounter.
• 2. The staff will choose his co-facilitators who are also staff
members. Once he has gathered 2 to 3 slips, he may
schedule an encounter group.
ENCOUNTER GROUPS
Procedures:
• 3. The facilitator will arrange the group in a circle in such a
way that the two parties involved are seated opposite each
other. The facilitator should be able to guide the flow of
conversation and should be skilled enough to interrupt
anytime he feels that the safety of the group is being
compromised.
• 4. The flow of the encounter should pass through the four
(4) phases:
Procedures:
• Four (4) phases:
• 1. Confrontation: This phase involves verbalization of
concerns or honest disclosure of emotions that has been
provoked during interpersonal interactions with another
resident. Regardless of the cathartic nature of expression,
the rules of the encounter group should always be
respected. The focus should always be about how one
feels because of the behavior of the other. There should
never be any attack on one’s persona but rather on his/her
behavior. Each should be allowed to express himself
before a rebuttal is allowed.
• Name-calling and other hostile languages may not resolve
the problem and may even heighten the animosity
between both parties. This phase consist mainly of
exchange of verbal expressions of emotions as a way of
release.
• 2. Exploration: In this phase, all the feelings that were
expressed are further examined and explored and find
out how it could have resulted in such way in order to
evoke aareness on the connection of behavior, feelings
and attitude.
• In this phase, blaming or finger pointing at one party is
avoided. It will only cause resentment from one party.
• This phase hopes to enhance the insight of both parties and
encourage ownership of one’s mistake and take
accountability for his/her actions. It gives both parties the
opportunity to examine themselves in relation to their
conflict with the other party.
• 3. Resolution and Commitment: After some realizations
and attaining soe insights into their behaviors, the residents
are now ready to move to the last phase to practice new
behaviors.
• From the feedback received, the resident involved will now
express how he feels about the whole thing and may own
up his behavior which has caused the conflict. He then
goes on to make commitments to avoid such occurrence in
the future. Such commitment made by the residents will be
monitored to make sure that they are being put to practice
to avoid lapses.
• 4. Socialization: This is a structured social event where
all those involved in an encounter will have ample time
to mend fences with those they have offended or hurt in
the past. The purpose is to achieve closure, reaffirm
relationship and maintain the unity of the community so
that all those involved can move on and leave the past
behind.
EXTENDED GROUP
• The Extended Group (Probe, Marathon) are usually
composed of 5-12 residents and is being facilitated
by 2 highly trained
staff members.
• It may last for 8-72 hours. The participants must have at
least 4 months in the program and have shown adequate
stability before he can be included in the activity. It is a
potentially intimate and intense session which needs a
significant amount of preparation. It focuses on the “here
and now” but allows a deeper exploration of issues that
affects new behavior. Special subjects may be the focus
SPECIALIZED GROUPS
Objectives:
• 1. To provide group support with the aim of resolving
problems and restoring healthy functioning of the residents
who has particular concerns/issues.
• 2. To create a feeling of universality among residents
who have similar issues or life experiences.
• 3. To explore issues based on certain themes as a
guide.
• 4. To provide a safe environment where residents can
freely express their feelings and concerns.
Indicators:
• 1. Enhanced coping skills.
• 2. Release of inner feelings.
LOSS AND BEREAVEMENT

Duration / Frequency: one hour once a week
Participants: 10-15 residents
Procedure:
Facilitator is knowledgeable in conducting the sessions
and managing the time.
Procedure:
• 1. The group is very supportive and compassionate.
• 2. Facilitator discusses the process of grieving and the
impact of losses, mad feeling, attitudes and behavior
derived from the loss of a loved one.
• 3. Counselor gives some suggestions on how they would
handle the situation appropriately when there was another
similar situation.
• 4. At the last session, each participant was required to write
a letter to someone or a buddy to tell about the past and
what they will do in the future regarding losses.
WOMEN’S GROUP
Duration / Frequency: One hour once a week / might last for
six session
Procedure:
• 1. Held once a week and run by TC personnel. It provides
an opportunity for all female residents to share and discuss
their feelings on women’s issues; family, relationship, self-
identity, self-image, societal role and reproductive issues.
• 2. Issues to be tackled are gender specific problems and
aims to help female residents identity their challenges and
needs.
WOMEN’S GROUP
Procedure:
• 3. Residents are helped to explore and understand the
relationship between women’s issues and their influences
on them. It enhances self-understanding among women.
• 4. They can also help each other through mutual support
and concern.
MEN’S GROUP
Duration / Frequency: 1 hour once a week
Procedure:
• 1. Topics include expression of feeling, reveal of true self,
dealing with feeling and how to avoid abusive relationship,
family conflicts, sexuality and sexual relationship.
• 2. Group sessions enabled each of them to identify,
express the feeling related to the trauma and lessons
learned from those experiences.
• 3. The counselor who raised the issue will be the one to
conduct it.
MEDICATION SUPPORT GROUP
Duration / Frequency: as long as the residents are on
medication
Participants: Residents on medications and jail health
personnel
Procedure:
• 1. Counselor holds the group once a week who are on
medical and psychiatric medication.
• 2. Group members are educated on different kinds of
medical and psychiatric problems and its effects.
• 3. Sharing on the intake of medicines and its side effects of
taking it.
MEDICATION SUPPORT GROUP
Procedure:
• 4. Cohesiveness is enhanced.
• 5. Share and discuss how to face their difficulties,
coping with the disease and problems encountered
while they are on medications.
ANGER MANAGEMENT
Duration / Frequency: 1 1/2 hour for 6 weeks/as
needed/curriculum based
Participants: 10-15 residents
Procedure:
• 1. Facilitated by a counselor.
• 2. Questionnaires their anger before they came for
treatment and while in the facility and how they go through
it.
• 3. Participants are selected based on interview and attitude
showed while in treatment.
ANGER MANAGEMENT
Procedure:
• 4. The group is an avenue for the residents to know their
anger feelings and acquire new knowledge and information
on how to deal with their feelings on different situation and
personalities.
PRE-RELEASE INTERVIEW
Objectives:
• 1. To insure that the residents to be released is/are well-
prepared to face new challenges in the community upon
their reintegration into the mainstream of society.
• 2. To asses the various potentials of the resident which he
can utilize to be a productive citizen upon his release from
the jail.
• 3. To assess the effectiveness of the interventions provided
and determine what improvements or changes that need to
be done.
PRE-RELEASE INTERVIEW
• 1. Residents prepared for their reintegration into the
mainstream of society.
• 2. Changes in behavior noted
• 3. Recommendations provided
• 4. Concrete goals established
Participants: Residents /s to be released from jail, IWDO,

Admin and OD
Duration: 1 hour
Procedure:
• 1. IWDO should coordinate with the Paralegal Officer to
monitor the status of the case of the residents.
• 2. If possible, immediate member of the family is/are
present before the residents will be released from jail.
• 3. Do a pre-release interview to conduct an assessment of
the resident’s potentials and map out plans after his release
from jail.
• 4. IWD should coordinate with service providers for his/her
referral for aftercare.
CHAPTER IV
INTELLECTUAL AND SPIRITUAL COMPONENTS

Introduction
• Can spirituality and intellect go together? Is spirituality and
intelligence at odds with each other?
• Intelligence and spirituality ultimately follow the same path.
By embracing intellect to its fullest extent, one will
eventually arrive at a sense of spirituality. Our actions are
governed by intelligence; we achieve the best results when
we make the most intelligent decisions.
• But if we go home, meditate, and begin asking questions
like, “what is the purpose of my life?” we have to load up a
different set of rules.
Introduction
• Now we’ve supposedly left the territory of the intellect and
entered the spiritual realm. We try to interact intelligently
with our outer world and spiritually with our inner world.
Spirituality in TC
• Spirituality is any action or activity that reflects or brings
out the goodness in a man. Spirituality in TCMP is
designed to respond to the inner longing of residents to
find greater faith where they can anchor themselves
within their struggle to find meaning to their existence.
Intellectual Component
• The intellectual component on the other hand responds to
the natural human characteristics of yearning for knowledge
in order to attain a higher level of understanding.
• A well-structured and well-implemented Intellectual
Component is a factor in establishing a Therapeutic
Community for the residents. It helps the residents restore
their self-esteem as their minds become open to ideas and
their intellect does not cease to feed on a free and open
interchange of opinions.
Intellectual Component
SPIRITUAL COMPONENT
TC Philosophy
TC Unwritten Philosophies
Theme/Concept of the Day
Meditation
Religious Activities
Objectives:
• 1. To enhance personal ad spiritual well-being of residents.
• 2. To appreciate the value of the Word of God in relation to
our life and as nourishment to the soul
• 3. To give opportunity for the residents to experience
special encounter and healing from God
• 4. To remind the residents for the need for constant
connection with God in their lives
Indicators:
• 1. Active participation of residents in spiritual activities
• 2. Positive perception on TC implementation
• 3. Deeper awareness of God’s presence in the residents’
life
• 4. TC Philosophy/TC Unwritten Philosophies (slogans,
sayings, adages) visibly posted in the facility
• 5. Regular conduct of various spiritual activities
INTELLECTUAL COMPONENT
Seminars
Educational Activities (ALS)
Debates
Data Sessions / lectures
Saturday Night Activities
Games (Grab bag, island, charade, pinoy henyo)
Mind Games
Objectives
• 1. To actualize the intellectual skills of the residents
• 2. To teach the residents how to think and delay impulses
• 3. To guide the residents on the right way of thinking and
how it affects his feelings and behavior
Indicators:
• 1. Residents exhibit increased awareness and positive
behavior
• 2. Elimination of racial, cultural and gender biases as seen
in dealings
• 3. Changed perception among residents on enhancement
of knowledge/education
• 4. Pride in quality, a culture among residents
• 5. Increased number of residents enrolled in ALS and A & E
passers
Procedure:
• 1. Select a topic related to expertise of the speaker/lecturer
beneficial to the residents
• 2. Schedule the activity
• 3. Preparation phase
• 4. Seminar proper
THE TC PHILOSOPHY
• The TC philosophy is recited daily during the Morning
Meeting.
• It embodies all the challenges and aspirations of the most
residents who feel alienated and the desire to overcome
the imposed limitations on their freedom and find their own
place where they could feel safe and welcome.
• It acknowledges the importance of fellowship in shaping
one’s behavior and motivating one’s fortitude of helping
himself and others.
THE TC PHILOSOPHY
• It likewise serves as his anchor in times of emotional
turmoil which he can always go back to and reflect.
• It forms emotional binding among the participants knowing
that they are grounded on the same philosophy.
• 1. Surrender: “I am here because there is no refuge,
finally from myself”
• 2. Self-disclosure: “Until I confront myself in the eyes and
hearts of others, I am running. Until I suffer them to share
my secrets, I have no safety from them. Afraid to be known,
I can neither know myself or any other; I will be alone”.
• 3. Reflection: “Where else but in our common grounds can
I find such a mirror?”
• 4. Self-realization: “Here together, I can appear clearly to
myself, not as the giant of my dreams not the
dwarf of my fears, but as a person, part of the whole with
my share in its purpose”
• 5. Growth: “In this ground, I can take root and grow”
• 6. Self-worth: “Not alone anymore as in death, but alive to
myself and to others”
TC UNWRITTEN PHILOSOPHIES
• The TC Unwritten Philosophy of TC consists of slogans
or aphorisms that are verbally given to the residents to
impart the beliefs and values of TC in relation to their
day to day living.
• These sayings are used to remind the residents as to
what are considered important to them.
1. Honesty
2. Responsible love and concern
3. To be aware is to be alive
4. Trust in your environment
5. Be careful what you ask for, you might just get it
6. No free lunch
7. You can’t keep it unless you give it away
8. What goes around comes around
9. Understand rather than to be understood
10.Personal growth before vested status
11.Compensation is valid
12. Forgiveness
13. Humility
14. You alone can do it, but you can’t do it alone
15. Pride in quality
16. Feelings don’t think
17. Guilt kills
18. Hang Tough
19. You are your brother’s keeper
THEME / CONCEPT OF THE DAY
• It refers to a word or saying that will serve as a guide for
the community to ponder upon in relation to their day to
day interactions and behaviors.
• It is elaborated during the Morning Meeting by some
members of the community to emphasize its relevance and
how it can stimulate the resident’s thoughts and help them
change their behavior into something positive.
• It can also be taken from the Unwritten Philosophies.
MEDITATION: DISCOVERING YOUR INNER SANCTUARY
• The visualization meditation is used to help an individual
establish a practice of moving his attention within, finding
his place of relaxation and peace by contacting his inner
wisdom.
Duration / frequency: 1-2 hours / once a month
Participants: residents, facilitator
Procedure:
• A facilitator is present to give the instruction to the
participants.
• Soft background or meditation music can be used.
SEMINARS
• These are activities in TC that provide intellectual
stimulation and seek personal involvement among the
residents.
• It is a way of providing information, improving the resident’s
speaking and writing abilities and enhancing their listening
ability so as to understand all the information being
presented.
Duration / Frequency: 1-2 hours /once a week
Participants: Residents, facilitation
Types of Seminars:
• 1. Discussion - open formal and allow for group
participation
• 2. Data session - given specific information and games
• 3. Games - mind-expanding activities to elicit thought,
creativity, and imagination
• 4. Seminar series or varies topics
THE DEBATE
• It is introduced to provide the residents the opportunity to
learn how to reason ably and put together arguments in a
logical manner.
• This is also an exercise on how to listen and formulate
ideas and demonstrate a broader understanding of certain
issues.
• It gives the participants certain insights on other’s opinions
which may be opposite to their own.
Duration / Frequency: 1-2 hours/once a month
Participants: 20-30 residents, facilitator
Procedure:
• 1. Divide the group into two, according to gender or
depending upon the topic for debate
• 2. Assign a group for “pro” and the other as “con”
• 3. Choose the first speaker for each group. Each group is
given 5 minutes to gather their thoughts on the issue. Each
speaker is given 2 minutes.
• 4. The “pro” group is first to give their opinion on the issue
for 2 minutes. A rebuttal for 2 minutes is allotted for the
“con” group.
Procedure:
• 5. The exchange of opinions is allowed for a few minutes
more. Once the majority has spoken, the facilitator will
switch the stand so much so the “pro” will now become the
“con” and vice versa.
• 6. After the activity, the facilitator will process how the group
felt when they have to defend an issue which is contrary to
their beliefs and if they could see the reasonableness of the
other’s arguments? What have they learned from the
activity?
GAMES
• THE “GRAB BAG” is a form of seminar which enhances
the residents’ ability to communicate, analyze ideas and
develop insights about themselves with the use of
identification with inanimate objects.
Procedure:
• 1. Divide the group into small groups of 10 members with
one facilitator per group.
• 2. Each facilitator will have a plastic bag / container with
different items inside.
Procedure:
• 3. Without peeping, each resident will grab one item inside
the bag. He/she will be given 3-5 minutes to tell something
about the item, describing it as if he/she were te object,
which it is made of and its use.
• Each resident takes turn until everyone member of the group
has picked an item and spoke.
• The facilitator will process the activity and ask the group how
they fell about the activity and what insights they have
gained.
SATURDAY NIGHT ACTIVITIES
• This activity is held every Saturday as a recreational event
purposely to instill fun, humor and entertainment after an
intense and hectic week.
• This gives the residents the chance to let loose and
socialize.
• Each static group is assigned a specific task or presentation
to develop talents among the residents.
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY – DOJ-PPA
Parole and Probation Administration

Therapeutic Community Modality
• Therapeutic Community (TC) in the DOJ-PPA program for
rehabilitation of offenders is a Self-Help Social Learning
Treatment Modality that uses the TC Family/Community
of staff (PPOs and VPAs) and clients as the primary
therapeutic vehicle to foster behavioral and attitudinal
change. Its rules and norms, shared beliefs, tools and
processes combine to enable clients to actively work
toward their individual goals for “right living.”
• Held in a community-based non-residential setting, it
addresses clients’ individual and group needs through a
holistic/multi-disciplinary range of activities/interventions
within the five (5) treatment categories:
Relational/Behavior Management, Affective/Emotional-
Psychological, Cognitive/Intellectual, Spiritual, and
Psychomotor/Vocational-Survival Skills.
• It integrates RJ principles and practices, and mobilizes
involvement of the general public through the VPAs.
• The Therapeutic Community Modality is a self-help social
learning treatment model used for clients with problems of
drug abuse and other behavioral problems such as
alcoholism, stealing, and other anti-social tendencies.
• In this regard, the Therapeutic Community Modality
provides a well-defined structure for a synchronized and
focused implementation of the various intervention
strategies/activities undertaken by the Agency
Intervention Strategies/activities
1. Individual and group counseling
• This activity intends to assist the clients in trying to sort out
their problems, identify solutions, reconcile conflicts and
help resolve them. This could be done either by individual
or group interaction with the officers of the Agency.
2. Moral, Spiritual, Values Formation
• Seminars, lectures or trainings offered or arranged by the
Agency comprise these rehabilitation activities. Active
NGOs, schools, civic and religious organizations are
tapped to facilitate the activities.
3. Work or Job Placement/Referral
• Categorized as an informal program wherein a client is
referred for work or job placement through the officer’s
own personal effort, contact or information.
4. Vocational/Livelihood and Skills Training
• The program includes the setting up of seminars and skills
training classes like food preservation and processing,
candle making, novelty items and handicrafts making, etc.,
to help the clients earn extra income.
4. Vocational/Livelihood and Skills Training
• Likewise, vocational and technical trade classes are
availed of such as refrigeration, automotive mechanic,
radio/television and electronics repairs, tailoring,
dressmaking, basic computer training, etc. through
coordination with local barangays, parish centers, schools
and civic organizations.
5. Health, Mental and Medical Services
• To address some of the basic needs of clients and their
families, medical missions are organized to provide various
forms of medical and health services including physical
examination and treatment, free medicines and vitamins, dental
examination and treatment, drug dependency test and
laboratory examination.
• Psychological testing and evaluation as well as psychiatric
treatment are likewise provided for by the Agency’s Clinical
Services Division and if not possible by reason of distance,
referrals are made to other government accredited institutions.
6. Literacy and Education
• In coordination with LGU programs, adult education
classes are availed of to help clients learn basic writing,
reading and arithmetic. Likewise, literacy teach-ins during
any sessions conducted for clients become part of the
module. This is particularly intended for clients who are “no
read, no write” to help them become functionally literate.
• Likewise, linkages with educational Foundation, other GOs
and NGOs are regularly done for free school supplies,
bags and uniform for client’s children and relatives.
7. Community Service
• This program refers to the services in the community
rendered by clients for the benefit of society.
• It includes tree planting, beautification drives, cleaning and
greening of surroundings, maintenance of public parks and
places, garbage collection, blood donation and similar
socio-civic activities.
8. Client Self-Help Organization
• This program takes the form of cooperatives and client
associations wherein the clients form cooperatives and
associations as an economic group to venture on small-
scale projects.
• Similarly, client associations serve another purpose by
providing some structure to the lives of clients where they
re-learn the basics of working within a group with
hierarchy, authority and responsibility much like in the
bigger society.
9. Payment of Civil Liability
• The payment of civil liability or indemnification to victims of
offenders are pursued despite the economic status of
clients. Payment of obligations to the victims instills in the
minds of the clients their responsibility and the
consequences of the harm they inflicted to others.
10. Environment and Ecology
• To instill awareness and concern in preserving ecological
balance and environmental health, seminars/lectures are
conducted wherein clients participate. These
seminars/lectures tackle anti-smoke belching campaign,
organic farming, waste management, segregation and
disposal and proper care of the environment.
11. Sports and Physical Fitness
• Activities that provide physical exertion like sports, games
and group play are conducted to enhance the physical well
being of clients.
• Friendly competition of clients from the various offices of
the sectors, together with the officers, provide an enjoyable
and healthful respite.
• The Therapeutic Community (TC) is an environment that
helps people get help while helping others.
• It is a treatment environment: the interactions of its
members are designed to be therapeutic within the context
of the norms that require for each to play the dual role of
client-therapist.
• At a given moment, one may be in a client role when
receiving help or support from others because of a problem
behavior or when experiencing distress.
• At another time, the same person assumes a therapist role
when assisting or supporting another person in trouble.
How does TC Look Like?
• The operation of the community itself is the task of the
residents, working under staff supervision. Work
assignments, called “job functions” are arranged in a
hierarchy, according to seniority, individual progress
and productivity.
• These include conducting all house services, such as
cooking, cleaning, kitchen service, minor repair,
serving as apprentices and running all departments,
conducting meetings and peer encounter groups.
• The TC operates in a similar fashion to a functional
family with a hierarchical structure of older and
younger members.
• Each member has a defined role and responsibilities
for sustaining the proper functioning of the TC.
• There are sets of rules and community norms that
members upon entry commit to live by and uphold.
• The TC operates in a similar fashion to a functional
family with a hierarchical structure of older and
younger members.
• Each member has a defined role and responsibilities
for sustaining the proper functioning of the TC.
• There are sets of rules and community norms that
members upon entry commit to live by and uphold.
Underlying Therapeutic Community Principles
• VISION
• By the end of this decade, TC shall have become the
corporate culture of DOJPPA, permeating its plans,
programs and practices, and confirming its status as a
model component of the Philippine Correctional System.
• MISSION
• To promote human and social transformation among
ourselves and among our clients.
• BELIEFS
• Belief in the Higher power
• Individual must take responsibility
• Inherent goodness of man
• Man can change and unfold
• Group can foster change
TC Unwritten Philosophy
• No free lunch
• You can’t keep it unless you give it away
• You alone can do it, but you can’t do it alone
• Responsible love and concern
• Honesty
• Trust in your environment
• Humility
• Pride in quality
• What goes around comes around
• To be aware is to be alive
TC Unwritten Philosophy
• To understand rather than be understood
• Personal growth before vested status
• Act as if
• Compensation is valid
• Be careful what you ask for, you might just get it
• Forgiveness
• Nurture nature for our future
WHAT ARE THE Salient Features of TC?
• 1.The primary “therapist” and teacher is the community
itself, consisting of peers and staff, who, as role models of
successful personal change, serve as guides in the
recovery process.
• 2.TC adheres to precepts of right living: Truth/honesty;
Here and now; Personal responsibility for destiny; Social
responsibility (brother’s keeper); Moral Code; Inner person
is “good” but behavior can be “bad”; Change is the only
certainty; Work ethics; Self-reliance; Psychological
converges with philosophical (e.g. guilt kills)
• 3. It believes that TC is a place where: One can change –
unfold; the group can foster change; individuals must take
responsibility; structures must accommodate this; Act as if
– go through the motion.
• 4. There are 5 distinct categories of activity that help
promote the change.
• These tools serve more than just the purpose of curbing
unproductive behavior.
• They are also a means used for enforcing community
sanctions on behavior that undermine the safety and
integrity of the community such as violations of the cardinal
rules of TC: NO drugs, NO violence or threat of violence,
NO sexual acting out and NO stealing! Everything an
officer does is meant to erase “street behavior” and to lead
the offender to be committed to “right living”.
• When the office gives seminars and tutorials, arranges
activities focused on the Higher Power, conducts games,
educational trips and other recreational activities, we touch
on the TC aspect of Intellectual and Spiritual Dimension.
• Aside from the role of a direct supervisor, the VPAs may be
the invited resource persons, donors/sponsors, facilitators,
lecturers, etc. during these seminars.
• The skills training and livelihood activities fall within the
purview of TC’s Vocational and Survival Skills, so with
Medical/Dental Clinics and Environmental Conservation
activities.
• In this aspect, the VPAs can facilitate job placement and
can tap community resources for clients social and
physical needs.
• Therapeutic Community is a tool that the Administration
uses to prepare the client for reintegration to the
community as a reformed, rehabilitated, productive, drug-
free and law abiding person.
BEHAVIOR SHAPING TOOLS ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS
Essential Elements
• Active Participation
• Membership Feedback
• Role Modelling
• Collective Formats for Guiding Individual Change
• Shared Norms and Values
• Structure and Systems
• Open Communication
• Individual and Group Relationships
• Unique Terminology
BEHAVIOR SHAPING TOOLS ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS
Hierarchy of Behavior Shaping Tool
• Banishment
• General Meeting
• Chair
• Learning Experience
• Verbal Haircut
• Deal With
• Speak To
• Talk To
Therapeutic Community Ladderized Program
(TCLP)
Salient Features
• The TCLP integrates TC tools, norms and methods with
probation and parole requirements, implemented in
progressive phases within the non-residential community-
based setting of the DOJ-PPA rehabilitation program for
clients.
• It provides clients with success milestones through
graduated completion criteria, and aims for more active
involvement of clients and their families.
Therapeutic Community Ladderized Program
Salient Features (TCLP)
• The TCLP has redefined program components.
• Several elements have been aligned, including
organizational core values with TC norms, TC hierarchical
structure with field office organizational structure, and clients’
assessments and planning processes with probation and
parole conditions and procedures.
• Altogether, the TCLP seeks to give clients sustainable
foundations for life after probation or parole, empower
implementers, and raise the application of the TC modality to
higher professional standards.
Treatment Categories
• Relational/Behavior Management
• Affective/Emotional-Psychological
• Cognitive/Intellectual
• Spiritual
• Psychomotor/Vocational-Survival
• Skills
Cardinal Rules
• No drugs, no alcohol
• No sex or sexual acting out
• No violence or threat of violence
• No stealing
• No criminal activity
Treatment Process
• INTEGRATION of TC tools, norms and methods with
probation/parole procedures and requirements
• Integration of RESTORATIVE JUSTICE principles and
processes in the treatment program
• Strong FAMILY support
• Meaningful VPA involvement
PROGRAM PHASES
PREPARATORY STAGE
• This stage corresponds to the sixty-day investigation period
for petitioners for probation, parole or executive clemency.
• As part of the investigation, the assigned officer
accomplishes the intake interview using the Worksheet, and
secures additional relevant information through other
investigation procedures.
• The Investigation Officer’s (IO’s) findings, together with the
results of Client’s Needs and Problem Checklist, will provide
the initial general assessment that will, in turn, be used as a
basis for preparation of Client’s Personal Development Plan
if probation/parole is recommended.
PREPARATORY STAGE
• It is at this stage that the IO and CPPO/OIC should aim to
create in the client and his/her family a mind-set of
cooperation and support for the former’s rehabilitation
program.
• This is done by giving clear information about
probation/parole requirements during intake and field
interviews, followed by a more comprehensive program
overview in the introductory Briefing. In the process, the IO
and CPPO/OIC raise client’s awareness of his /her obligations
under the program, as well as secure commitment to
participate and a pledge of support from the family.
PREPARATORY STAGE
Objectives:
By the end of this stage:
• Clients shall have accomplished the first Needs and
Problems Checklist and initial Personal Development Plan,
together with the IO.
• Clients shall have committed to comply with the conditions
of their probation/parole, and to participate in the TC
Program.
• Problems that may hinder clients’ participation in the TC
program shall have been identified and addressed (ex.:
expenses, work, absences, literacy, etc.).
PREPARATORY STAGE
Objectives:
By the end of this stage:
• Clients, family members and VPAs shall have attended the
Introductory Briefing during the investigation period or
within the 1st month of supervision.
• The Local Government Units Chief Executive and/or
officials shall have been informed and invited to the
Introductory Briefing.
PREPARATORY STAGE
Criteria for Entry into Phase I:
• My Needs and Problems Checklist (MNPC) accomplished
• MPDP initially accomplished
• Client committed in the PDP to comply with the conditions
of probation/parole, and to participate in the TC Program
• Client and family member(s) attended Introductory Briefing
• Client’s family expressed commitment to support his/her
participation in the TC Program
PHASE I - ORIENTATION
Description:
Build Foundation
• Client is assimilated into the TC culture during this phase.
He/she acquires understanding of the program, philosophy
and beliefs of TC, his/her role in the hierarchical structure,
and rules to be observed as a TC Family member.
• Client is familiarized with the TC unique terminology and
introduced to the Behavior Shaping Tools with opportunities
to practice, as well as actually uses the basic ones.
Description:
Build Foundation
• The process of enculturation also generates self-
awareness, challenges denials, and begins client’s journey
to self-responsibility and accountability.
• The phase culminates with drawing up his/her
Behavior/Attitude/Traits/Habits (BATH) Plan and BATH
Contract, and making an assessment of his/her progress
through the Checklist for Promotion to Phase II.
Objectives:
By the end of this phase, clients shall have:
Relational/Behavior Management:
• Complied with probation/parole conditions
• Used pull-ups, affirmations, elaboration and other behavior
shaping tools
• Refrained from use of prohibited drugs
• Established bonding and trust with the TC Family
• Involved some family members in their rehabilitation
activities
Objectives:
Affective/Emotional-Psychological
• Shown good grooming
• Begun to accept responsibility for their personal change
Cognitive/Intellectual
• Identified personal strengths and weaknesses and resolved
to change specific negative behaviors and attitudes
• Acquired knowledge of the TC concepts, tools and
processes
Objectives:
Spiritual
• Applied at least one TC Unwritten Philosophy
• Developed insights on their rehabilitation program through
reflections
• Demonstrated understanding and appreciation of the TC
Philosophy
• Expressed insights on their faith in God as the primary
source of help in order to change
Psychomotor/Vocational-Survival Skills
• Demonstrated responsibility through performance of
assigned tasks
Criteria for Promotion:
Relational/Behavior Management
• Complied with conditions of probation/parole
• Completed 100% of TC Phase I sessions
• Performed an assigned role or participated in the required
number of Morning Meetings
• Tested negative for prohibited drugs prior to promotion
• Became a member of the TC Family
• Client’s family member (s) involved in pertinent Phase I
sessions and/or reinforcing activities
• Improved and maintained hygiene and good grooming
• Declared their commitment to carry out their BATH Plan
and BATH Contract
• TC Terminologies understood and used
Spiritual
• Used an Unwritten Philosophy to express concern for a TC
brother or sister
• Accomplished at least 50% of required reflections
• Quoted and explained some lines of the TC Philosophy
• Performed the duties of their position in the TC Hierarchical
Structure
• Participated in required reinforcing activities
• Reviewed and/or modified MPDP formulated in the
Preparatory Stage
• Prepared a Road Map to Success prior to termination of
probation/parole
PHASE II - PRIMARY TREATMENT
Description:
Focus and Develop
• The focus of primary treatment is to effect behavioral
change and develop client initiative and self-discipline.
• Through constant application of TC values and with regular
use of TC tools, clients manifest a socially acceptable
behavior and live an addiction-free lifestyle.
• Equipped with basic literacy and employable skills and
imbibed with TC values and precepts, clients become more
productive members of their community, gender sensitive,
environment-conscious, and economically empowered.
Objectives:
• Continued to comply with probation/parole conditions
• Demonstrated socially acceptable behavior
• Become familiarized with behavior shaping tools and
applied them appropriately
• Become aware of and applied correct practices on
environment issues
Objectives:
• Developed awareness of civic duties and responsibilities
• Refrained from use of prohibited drugs
• Identified triggers for relapse
• Understood and applied the concept of RJ and
endeavored to reconcile with the victim and community
Objectives:
• Identified, accepted and respected personal feelings, and
dealt with them appropriately
• Expressed realizations and insights into their behavior,
attitudes and values
• Become familiarized with TC healing tools and applied
them appropriately
• Gained awareness and knowledge of gender issues
• Acquired and/or enhanced literacy skills
Objectives:
Spiritual
• Understood TC Ups and applied them
• Memorized and explained the TC Philosophy
• Affirmed their faith in God as the primary source of help in
order to change
• Sought and assumed responsibilities
• Identified and developed employable skills
• Substantially complied with probation/parole conditions
• Actively attended at least 80% of TC Phase II sessions,
including mandatory sessions
• Participated in environment-related activities
• Rendered at least two community services
• Participated in RJ processes as needed
• Used at least two appropriate Behavior Shaping Tools
(BST) to demonstrate concern
• Developed good feelings about self and others as
manifested in reflections, counseling, encounters, peer
confrontation, behavior, attitude, appearance, and interaction
with others
• Attended gender-related TC sessions
• Acquired needed basic literacy skills
Spiritual
• Memorized and explained the TC Philosophy
• Developed employable skills
• Learned to perform other roles/tasks satisfactorily in the
TC Hierarchical Structure
• Substantially achieved MPDP for Phase II, including at
least 50% of BATH Contract
• Prepared a Road Map To Success prior to termination of
probation/parole
PHASE III - IMMERSION
Description:
Internalize and Apply
• Phase III is a vital link between Phases II and IV. During
this phase, clients apply their learnings from Phase II and
are now internalizing the TC precepts and beliefs.
• In the process, clients become mature and responsible,
endeavoring to fulfill their duties to their families and
community.
• Immersion in this phase is viewed as a total plunge into the
TC program precepts and beliefs to bring about positive
change in attitude and behavior.
Description:
Internalize and Apply
• Clients undergo a difficult but sustained change that would
need assistance of legitimate support groups to prevent
relapse.
• These, together with established self-sufficiency and
utilization of skills and intellectual capacity, will lead them to
become economically productive, contented and stable.
• Clients’ successful performance during this period makes
them ready for the fourth and last phase which is
Integration.
Objectives:
• Continued to substantially comply with probation/parole
conditions
• Developed harmonious relationship with the family and
community
• Identified legitimate social support groups for relapse
prevention
• Continued endeavoring to reconcile with the victim
Objectives:
• Developed a sense of responsibility and maturity
• Learned to deal with issues leading to relapse
• Manifested positive personal change
• Managed critical life challenges
• Sustained basic literacy skills and/or developed other
thought processes
Objectives:
Spiritual
• Attained genuine spiritual enhancement
• Internalized the TC precepts and belief system
• Enhanced/utilized employable skills and/or engaged in
other productive pursuits to increase self-sufficiency
• Demonstrated initiative and resourcefulness in performing
functions in the Hierarchical Structure
• Attended at least 90% of TC Phase III sessions, including
mandatory sessions
• Addressed and managed family conflicts and
developed/maintained harmonious family relationships
• Developed peaceful relationships with members of the
community
• Been oriented in activities of legitimate social support
groups and identified those which they can join
• Continued openness/sincere participation in the RJ process
• Demonstrated concern for fellowmen thru community service
• Acted as big brothers/sisters to new members
• Assumed a lead role in behavior shaping processes (ex.
Morning Meeting moderator,
• Peer Confrontation leader, Static Group leader ) at least two
times
• Satisfactorily met family and community responsibilities
• Practised newly learned coping skills for relapse issues
• Portrayed enhanced personal attitude and behavior
• Enhanced basic literacy skills and/or developed ability to
analyze and discern
Spiritual
• Practiced values and moral principles and able to recognize
God’s important role in an individual’s life
Spiritual
• Known by heart and practiced the TC Philosophy and
principles of right living
• Secured lawful means of employment and/or engaged in
other income-generating activities
• Substantially achieved MPDP for Phase III, including at least
70% of BATH Contract
probation/parole
PHASE IV - INTEGRATION
Description:
Live and Sustain
• It is in the INTEGRATION PHASE that client is expected to
consistently behave in a responsible manner both in the
family and in the community without the direct supervision
of a Probation and Parole Officer.
• In this phase, client manifests sustained positive changes in
behaviors and attitudes that make him/her a TC strength
and a role model to his/her fellow clients.
Description:
Live and Sustain
• It is also during this phase that client sustains lawful means
of livelihood, applies adequate literacy skills, and deals with
others in positive ways, thus making him/her a productive
member and an asset of the community.
Objectives:
• Continued to substantially comply with probation/parole
conditions
• Maintained harmonious relationship with the family and
community
• Become a role model to other clients
• Maintained peaceful relationship with the victim
Objectives:
• Manifested sustained positive changes in behavior and
attitude
• Recognized that personal change is a continuing process
even without supervision
• Attained and applied adequate functional literacy
Objectives:
Spiritual
• Continued to practice the TC precepts and belief system
• Become economically independent
Criteria for Graduation:
• Attended at least 90% of TC Phase IV sessions, including
mandatory sessions
• Manifested sustained peaceful relationship with the victim
and community. (If reconciliation not previously attained,
made amends with the victim and community through RJ
processes.)
• Participated in socio-civic activities in the community
• Joined appropriate support groups in the community
Relational/Behavior Management (Continuation)
• Assumed a lead role in behavior shaping processes at least
four times
• Participated as strength in one or more RJ processes for
other clients
• Lived a vice-free and drug-free lifestyle
• Complied with at least 80% of the RJ contract (as needed)
• Shown sustained positive changes in behavior and attitude
• Pursued academic or vocational/technical courses
• Satisfactorily manifested the ability to discern right from
wrong
• Applied appropriate thought processes to cope with daily
life challenges (e.g. solving problems, weighing
consequences, identifying options, etc.)
Spiritual
• Behaved in a morally upright manner
• Spent wisely and saved part of their income
• Secured a stable means of livelihood to support themselves
• Supported their families substantially (if needed)
• Substantially achieved MPDP for Phase IV, including at
least 80% of BATH Contract
probation/parole
Criteria for TC Strength:
• Consistently exhibited exemplary compliance with the
requirements for promotion/graduation
• Acted as facilitators in one or more TC and/or RJ processes
• Showed exemplary behavior and performance in carrying
out their duties in the Hierarchical Structure and in their job,
if employed
• Acted as role models and big brothers/sisters to other
clients
• Accomplished at least 90% of required reflections in
applicable phases
Criteria for TC Strength:
• Actively participated in worthwhile community
activities/service/support group(s)
• Acted as resource persons/coordinators in some reinforcing
activities
• Achieved other significant or outstanding accomplishments
Improved/Sustained Tools for
Treatment Planning and Monitoring
• Worksheet • My Personal Development
• Background Investigation Plan
• Records Check • Probation/Parole Conditions
• Psychological Evaluation • Behavior, Attitudes, Traits,
• Drug test and Habits Plan/Contract
• Skills Training Needs • Checklists for Promotion,
Survey
• Graduation and TC
My Needs and Problems
Strength and
Checklist
• My Road Map to Success
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY – DOJ- BUCOR
Bureau of Corrections (BUCOR)

Basic Principles
• More than four decades of Correctional work involving
treatment and rehabilitation of convicted drug offenders
worldwide reveal that drug dependency are harbored on
behavioral problems, so complex and varying among
individual offenders hence, treatment approach is focus on
factors causing them.
• Treatment and rehabilitation procedures shall then;
• A. seek to restore the individual drug offender to a state
where he is physically, psychologically and socially capable
of coping with his problems.
Basic Principles
• Treatment and rehabilitation procedures shall then
• B. help the offender acquire employable skills to give him
the opportunity to have a productive life without abusing
drugs.
• C. provide him opportunity to avail of a continuum of
services aimed at achieving drug-free existence,
adjustment with fellow inmates and families and at re-
establishing these inmates in the prison community with a
more satisfying way of life, in preparation for his eventual
re-emergence to the free community.
Purpose of Treatment and Rehabilitation
An inmate is admitted at the Therapeutic Community Center;
• A. to help him undergo rehabilitation, overcome his drug
dependency or addiction and strengthen his coping skills
against the influence of drugs.
• B. to segregate him form the larger prison community
while undergoing treatment and rehabilitation to help him
develop acceptable working habits and shape-up behavior.
• C. to identify the cause of his drug dependency/ addiction
• D. to help him overcome unresolved conflicts in life which
had contributed to his drug dependency / addiction.
Definition of Terms
• a. Cardinal Rules - refer specifically to “NO DRUGS”, “NO
ALCOHOL”, “NO GAMBLING”, “NO VIOLENCE”, “NO
THEFT”
• b. Commitment Period - refers to the two-month duration
or recipient’s stay at the TCC before he undergoes the
treatment proper.
• c. Consent - refers to the written document that the
recipient voluntarily submits himself to undergo any required
clinical or laboratory tests to determine mental/psychological
state, remnants of drug residuals in the body system and
other medical tests that may be deemed necessary.
Definition of Terms
• d. Coordinator - shall be the officer in charge of respective
prison camp where TCC is located.
• e. Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) - refers to the
government mandated body under Section 36 (m) and (n) of
Republic Act 6425 as amended, to encourage, assist, and
accredit public/private centers and promulgate rules and
regulations setting the minimum standards for their
accreditation to assure their competence, integrity, and
stability.
• f. Director General - refers to the Director of the Bureau of
Corrections who also serves as the Director of the
Therapeutic Community Center.
Definition of Terms
• g. Evaluation - refers to the process of determining the
behavioral changes of the “recipient” during the treatment
and rehabilitation process.
• h. Evaluation Committee - refers to the TCC technical
and administrative staff that is tasked to evaluate the
individual recipient’s progress of rehabilitation.
• i. Inmate Training Staff - refers to the trusted TC inmates
who serve as house elders and chief expediters in a TCC.
• j. Operation Officer - refers to the Superintendent
assigned in a specific prison facility who also serves as the
Counselor of the TCC.
Definition of Terms
• k. Rehabilitation Plan - refers to the specific treatment
program that the “recipient” shall undergo in the TCC.
• l. Special Services - refer to the medical, psychiatric,
psychological, spiritual and family services, and the narcotic
laboratory.
• m. Superintendent – refers to the one in change of a
prison
• n. Therapeutic Community Center (TCC) - refers to the
treatment and rehabilitation center located within a specific
prison facility under the Bureau of Corrections
• p. TCC Recipients - refers to a convicted drug offender
who volunteered to undergo treatment and rehabilitation at
Status of recipient under the TCC treatment and
rehabilitation program
• Recipients are segregated from the larger prison
community and dissociated from the prison gangs, with
movements limited only at the TCC when attending
religious activities.
• The recipient is bound by all the prison rules and
regulations as specified in the Bureau of Corrections
Operating Manual.
• Violation of any of the provisions in the said manual shall
be dealt with according to the procedures of the penal
institution.
PART II- ADMISSION OF INMATES AT THE TCC
Reception and Diagnostic Center
• Section 1. Orientation period at the Reception and
Diagnostic Center (RDC). The Bureau of Corrections
RDC in every correctional facility shall undertake a two-
month orientation for convicted offenders within which those
who are qualified and volunteer to be admitted at the TCC
shall be introduced to the mandatory activities of the center.
• The TC principles shall be amply explained to them.

• Manual shall be undertaken at this stage at the following
procedures shall be accomplished:
a. physical / mental examination
b. orientation on corrections rules and regulations
c. interview by the TCC counselor, psychologist, social
worker or other TCC staff or officers.
Section 2. Assessment of applicants. The RDC shall keep
a complete record of the applicant which shall include his
personal circumstances; brief personal, social, and
occupational history and; the result of the intake interview.
• A copy of this record shall be forwarded to the TCC where
the applicant may be admitted.
• Section 3. Preparation of treatment and rehabilitation plan.
A treatment and rehabilitation plan shall be prepared prior
to the admission of the TCC applicant.
• Procedures of the treatment and rehabilitation shall be
discussed with him If he agrees with these, he shall be
prepared for transfer to the TCC.
• Section 4. Documents required before admission of the
applicant at the TCC.
• The following documents contained in an envelope shall be
forwarded to the TCC where the applicant will be admitted:
a. Intake interview result
b. Case Summary
c. Recommendation by the RDC TCC Staff
d. Consent form duly signed by the applicant
Sec. 5. Place of Admission.
• The recipient shall now be transferred to the TCC in the
corrections facility where he was committed to the court.
Sec. 6. Personal Effects of recipient.
• In addition to the basic necessities supplied by the
corrections institution, the recipient may bring clothes and
other personal essential to his wellbeing, the quantity,
nature and dimension thereof will not interfere with the
safety and living conditions of the other recipients.
• Luxurious items such as air-conditioner, carpets, sofas,
expensive beds and sleeping mattresses are not allowed.
CHAPTER 2. CLASSIFICATION OF TCC RECIPIENTS
Sec. 1. Technical Staff / Administrative Staff.
• Respective staff members shall classify recipient according
to the hierarchical requirements of the TCC, which shall be:
a. Training Staff
b. Chief Expediter
c. Shingle
d. Department Head
e. Crewmember
Sec. 2. Recipients, how classified.
• Recipients shall be classified according to the degree
and/or quality of their performance at the TCC.
• Their ascent into more responsible position at the TCC
hierarchy shall be earned through their positive changes in
behavior and good attitude towards work.
Sec. 3. Privilege at TCC recipients.
• To some extent, these TCC recipients may enjoy other
amenities that are not provided the confinement cells.
Section 4. Expulsion of recipients from the TCC.
• Any recipient can be expelled from the TCC on violation of
the Cardinal Rules, and for repeated violation of the house
rules.
CHAPTER 3. ACCOMMODATION OF TCC RECIPIENTS
Sec. 1. Place of accommodation.
• Recipients shall be accommodated in the dormitories
provided in the TCC.
Sec. 2. Security measures.
• A 24-hour security detail duty shift shall be assigned to
each TCC dormitory, with the number of security personnel
proportionate to the number of recipients.
CHAPTER 3. ACCOMMODATION OF TCC RECIPIENTS
Sec. 3. Provision for basic needs and amenities.
• Each TCC dormitory shall have the following facilities:
a. Kitchen and dining area
b. Administrative office
c. Counseling room
d. Recreation/fitness area
e. Library
f. Function area for the morning meetings and
vocational courses
g. Laundry/wash area
CHAPTER 4. TRANSFER OF TCC RECIPIENTS
Sec. 1. Transfer of TCC recipients to another TC facility.
• Upon recommendation of the Chief TCC a recipient may
be transferred to another TCC facility, and shall be
approved by the Director General.
• Any transfer shall be for the benefit of the recipient, to
bring him closer to his family or as part of his treatment
and rehabilitation program.
• Recipient’s transfer shall be made known to this family
before its effected.
CHAPTER 4. TRANSFER OF TCC RECIPIENTS
Sec. 2. Transfer of mentally disturbed recipient.
• The recipient, on recommendation of the Chief TCC, can
be transferred to the NBP Hospital or to any government
hospital for the purpose of psychiatric treatment.
• The TCC psychiatrist shall conduct thorough examination
of the recipient to determine the need of his transfer to an
appropriate treatment facility.
CHAPTER 5. OUTSIDE MOVEMENTS OF TCC RECIPIENTS
Sec. 1. Movements of recipients outside the TCC.
• Movements of the recipient shall be limited to the defined
area except when attending religious functions and
fetching visiting families, relatives and friends from the
regular visiting hall, after having undergone the mandatory
two-month “Commitment period” at the TCC
dormitory/building.
Sec. 2. Approval of outside movement.
• The TCC counselor, upon recommendation of the
coordinator/supervisor shall approve the movement of the
recipient the building/dormitory.
RIGHTS AND PRIVILEGES OF TCC RECIPIENTS
Sec. 1. Rights of a TCC recipient.
• The same rights provided at the Bureau of Corrections
Manual shall be enjoyed by the TCC recipient
Sec. 2. Privileges of a TCC recipient.
Chapter 2, Sec. 1 Visiting rights.
• Visiting rights of a TCC recipient follows that of what the
Bureau of Corrections Manual provide, which allows him to
be visited by his family and reputable friends at regular
intervals.
• His legal counsel may visit him at an time, as provided by
his constitutional rights.
PART IV - TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION
OF TCC RECIPIENTS
Chapter 1. Preliminary Provisions

SEC. 1. CONDUCT OF TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION.
• TCC recipients are in state of mind where their behavioral
problems have led them to live a life where the use of
addictive substances helps them enjoy their everyday
existence, oblivious of the ill effects of their actions, until
they had violated certain laws, which had caused them to
land in prison.
• Causes of these conditions shall be identified in the process
of their treatment and rehabilitation.
• Appropriate procedures shall be followed according to each
recipient’s experiences and present condition, adopting the
therapeutic community approach.
SEC. 2. TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION PROCESS.
• The standard Guidelines for the Treatment and
Rehabilitation of Drug Dependents, approved by the
Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB), shall be applied to the
individual as well as a group of TCC recipients.
Sec. 3. Evaluation of Treatment and Rehabilitation
Progress.
• A standard Evaluation Guideline approved by the DDB shall
be used in measuring degree of changes in the TCC
recipients’ drug abuse as well as social behavior.
PART IV - TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION OF
TCC RECIPIENTS
CHAPTER 2. TCC Recipients’ Services

CHAPTER 2. TCC RECIPIENTS’ SERVICES
Sec. 1. Recipients’ Services.
• Each TCC recipient shall be guaranteed access to health,
educational and vocational courses, religious activities,
sports, fitness and recreation and other related treatment
and rehabilitation services.
Sec. 2. Health Services.
• Health care and services shall be accorded to the TCC
recipients by providing them unlimited access to the
corrections hospital and medical and dental facilities.
Sec. 3. Medical consultation and visiting hours.
• Medical consultation shall conform to the existing system in
the penal institution, unless otherwise required by the Chief
TCC or any of the TCC Technical and Administrative Staff.
Sec. 4. Guidelines on medical consultations.
In accordance with the existing corrections rules and
regulations the following guidelines shall be observed
whenever a TCC recipient is referred to the corrections clinic
or hospital for consultation or treatment
Sec. 5. Notification of kin of sick TCC recipient.
• The TCC recipient’s immediate family or nearest of kin shall
be notified in the event of sickness and medical
confinement.
Sec. 6. Referral of sick TCC recipient to a government
hospital.
• If the medical condition of a sick TCC recipient necessitates
referral to a government hospital outside the penal
institution, the TC Coordinator shall adopt necessary
measure for his transfer to a government hospital for
appropriate treatment.
Sec. 6. Referral of sick TCC recipient to a government
hospital.
• If the referral is made to a private health institution,
treatment, hospitalization and other incidental expenses
shall be borne by the recipient or his family or nearest of
kin.
Sec. 7. Outside referral for dental treatment.
• In case the need for outside dental treatment arises, the
expenses incidental to this shall be borne by the TCC
recipient or his immediate family or nearest of kin.
PART V – RELEASE OF TCC RECIPIENT
Sec. 1. Basis of release of TCC recipient.
• A TCC recipient may be released on a grant of parole or
conditional pardon and, upon expiration of his prison
sentence irrespective of whether he has not completed the
required treatment and rehabilitation period. He shall,
however, be referred to the Probation and Parole
Administrator for completion of treatment and rehabilitation.
Sec. 2. Authority to release.
• The following are authorized to order the release from
confinement of a TCC recipient:
a. the Supreme Court or lower courts, in case of
acquittal (if his case is still on appeal) or grant of
bail;
b. the President of the Philippines, in cases of executive
clemency;
c. the Board of Pardons and Parole, in grants of Parole;
d. the Director, upon the expiration of sentence of the
recipient.
Sec. 3. Approval of release by the Director.
• The Corrections Superintendent may release the TCC
recipient with the approval of the Director upon completion
of the standard requirements.
Sec. 4. Prompt release of TCC recipient.
• A TCC recipient shall be released without delay. In cases
of communicable disease or mental derangement of the
recipient, the Chief TCC shall recommend to the Director
that necessary steps be taken to arrange for the treatment
of the recipient in an appropriate government hospital.
Sec. 5. Referral to post treatment and rehabilitation work
assistance program.
• Upon release from the TCC and corrections institution, the
recipient shall be referred to a post-imprisonment work
assistance program to help him re-start anew with his
social and economic life, away from the influence of
addictive substances or drugs.
PART VI – ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF ORDER
Chapter 1. Organization of TCC, Responsibilities,

Duties of TCC Officers
BUCOR-TCC ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
CHAPTER 1. RESPONSIBILITIES & DUTIES OF TCC OFFICERS
Sec. 1. Director General.
• The Director General of the Bureau of Corrections heads
the TCC. The Director is appointed by the President of the
Republic of the Philippines upon recommendation of the
Secretary of Justice.
Sec. 2. Functions of the Director General.
• The Director shall acts as adviser of the Secretary of
Justice on matters relating to the formulation and execution
of BuCor policies, plans, programs, and projects including
Reformation.
Sec. 3. Deputy Director General for Reformation.
• The Deputy Director General for Reformation shall be
appointed also by the President of the Republic of the
Philippines.
Sec. 4. Functions of the Deputy Director General for
Reformation.
• The Deputy Director General for Reformation shall serves
as an adviser of the Director General on Reformation
matters including the TCC programs and activities.
Sec. 5. Director, Directorate for Reformation.
• The Director, Directorate for Reformation shall be
appointed by the Director General Bureau of Corrections.
Sec. 6. Functions of the Director, Directorate for
Reformation.
• The Director, Directorate for Reformation shall formulate
BuCor Reformation policies, plans, programs, and projects.
Sec. 7. Chief, Behavior Modification Division.
• The Chief, Behavior Modification Division shall be
appointed by the Director, Directorate for Reformation.
Sec. 8. Functions of the Chief, Behavior Modification
Division.
• a. Formulate Behavior Modification policies, plans,
programs, and project.
• b. Monitor the proper Implementation of policies, plans,
programs, and project in OPPFs.
• c. Assessment of the progress of BM programs in
OPPFs, these includes the TC modality program under
Psychosocial section.
Sec. 9. Chief, Behavior Modification Section.
• The Chief, Behavior Modification Section shall be
appointed by the OPPFs Superintendent.
Sec. 10. Functions of the Chief, Behavior Modification
Section.
• a. Oversee effective and timely Implementation of policies,
plans, programs, and project directed by the Chief,
Behavior Modification Division.
• b. Serves as head of the Evaluation Committee for
determining treatment and rehabilitation progress of TCC
recipients.
Sec. 11. Chief, Psychosocial Program.
• The Chief, Psychosocial Program shall be appointed by the
OPPF Superintendent.
Sec. 12. Functions of the Chief, Psychosocial Program.

• The Chief, Psychosocial Program shall coordinate with the
Chief, Behavior Modification Section in the Implementation
of the Psychosocial Program specifically TC modality
program.
Sec. 13. Chief, TCC.
• The Chief, TCC shall be designated by the OPPFs
Superintendent.
Sec. 14. Functions of the Chief, TCC.
• a. Implements the objectives and policies of the TCC upon
order of the Deputy Superintendent for reformation.
• b. Coordinated and ensure the full implementation of the
TCC treatment and rehabilitation program in all OPPFs.
• c. Sits in the Evaluation Sessions.
Sec. 15. Assistant Chief TCC.
• The Director shall also designate the Assistant Chief TCC.
Sec. 16. Functions of the Assistant Chief TCC.
• a. Assists the Chief TCC in the implementation of the
objectives and policies of the TCC;
• b. Assists the Chief TCC in coordinating and ensuring the full
and effective implementation of the TCC treatment and
rehabilitation program;
• c. Acts as adviser to the Chief TCC on the formulation and
implementation of the TCC policies, plans, programs, and
scheduling training / seminars for TCC officers and staff;
• d. Sits in the Evaluation Sessions in the absence of the Chief
Sec. 17. Special Services.
• The Special Services unit shall be composed of the
following:
a. Medical
b. Psychiatric
c. Psychological
d. Spiritual
e. Family
Sec. 18. Administrative Support.
a. Administrative Division
b. Management Division
c. General Services Division
d. Accounting Division
e. Supply Division
f. Budget and Finance Division
g. Legal Office
Sec. 19. Functions of Administrative Support.
• The various administrative offices shall have their respective
functions as defined by their specific titles.
Behavior Modification Program
• Behavior Modification Program is a specialized program
that focuses on the rehabilitation process of persons who
are suffering from personality disorder that as clustered in
the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5).
• Each altered mental state affects behavior that produces
anti-social acts thus, the great tendency to violate the law
is there.
• A defect or oddity in someone’s personality are described
by personality styles that can be disturbing enough to form
problems with relating to other people in healthy, normal
ways.
• These disordered personalities may arise from trauma,
stresses, family value disorientation and many other
adverse causes.
• The significance of the program is to focus on changing
behavior although it is a great help to study the causative
effects that resulted to such misbehaving.
• The outcome must help the PDL make himself understand
his self, improve his quality of life (QoL) by unlearning
activities that pushed him to misbehave and learn new
behavior that is acceptable.
• It is the program’s responsibility to ensure that thru the
approaches and techniques the PDL will eventually aim for
a better and peaceful living, become productive, law
abiding and never to return again to his misbehaving.
• One of the mandates of the Bureau of Corrections aside
from safekeeping of Person Deprive of Liberty (PDL) is to
give a holistic reformation programs to offenders.
• The Directorate for Reformation is in charge to direct the
six (6) programs of rehabilitation namely, Moral and
Spiritual Division, Sports and Recreation Division, Behavior
Modification Division, Training and Education Division,
Work and Livelihood Division and Health and Wellness
Division.
• Each Division has its own unique function that helps to
mold an individual PDL.
• One of the areas that needs a target focus is the Behavior
Modification Program and its Intensive Program.
• The Behavior Modification Division is tasked to focus on
policy formulation thru evidenced-based practices, oversee
effective implementation, evaluate the outcomes, and
enhance the activities and programs for PsDL who suffer
from behavioral disorders that is mainly brought about by
behavioral challenges.
• The BM program is tasked to arrive at a treatment and
rehabilitation plan targeting the risks and needs the PDL
will be most responsive to.
• Also involve are some of the techniques to promote
desired behavior such as positive reinforcement, group
processing, counseling, psychodynamics, psycho-
education among others.
• Due to the special needs of the PsDL belonging under this
category, specialized intensive activities are very
significant for their reformation.
• It is the desire of the BM Program to deliver the intensive
care for the PsDL.
• Its main objective is to provide an in depth techniques and
approaches for treatment and rehabilitation, thus restoring
the physical, psycho-social and spiritual balance of the
PsDL.
• More importantly, the BM program helps facilitate PsDL to
be able to cope up with life’s challenges gearing to an
acceptable standard quality of life (QoL).

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Therapeutic Modality

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THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES

Phase 1 - Entry/Orientation Phase

• It is a review of how the community performed in the previous

• A pull up (verbal reprimand) is done as an expression of

• The concept of the day is preferably taken from the Unwritten

• The second part of the meeting consists of entertaining

Learning Experience / Bans

ONE TO ONE COUNSELING / INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING

Duration and Frequency: One to two hours per

LOSS AND BEREAVEMENT

Participants: Residents /s to be released from jail, IWDO,

INTELLECTUAL AND SPIRITUAL COMPONENTS

Parole and Probation Administration

Bureau of Corrections (BUCOR)

• The TC principles shall be amply explained to them.

Chapter 1. Preliminary Provisions

CHAPTER 2. TCC Recipients’ Services

Chapter 1. Organization of TCC, Responsibilities,

Sec. 12. Functions of the Chief, Psychosocial Program.

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