ION PUMP

The biological membrane present in cell of

eukaryotes contain protein for transport of nutrients
across the cell
These proteins are of two types .they are
a )Integral proteins (trans membrane)
b) Peripheral proteins
Hence , ion pump refers to channels of those integral
proteins that transport ions across the biological
membrane against the concentration gradient through
active transport .
Active transport

 Active transport refers to the transport of

materials against the concentration gradient
(from low to high ) through the use of cellular
energy .
 Transport occurs through channels of protein
in animal cell . These transport channels
/proteins use ATP as source of energy mainly.
And then they store energy released in the
form of potential energy. And these channels
use this potential energy for transport .
 Sodium potassium pump
 Sodium potassium pump is an enzyme based
mechanism that maintains the cellular concentration of
sodium and potassium ions inside and outside the cell
through active transport across the cell membrane .
 It is an example of active primary transport . The energy
required during this transport is relased by ATP
molecules by autophosphorlyation.
 ATP = ADP +phosphate + energy released
 During one complete cycle , three sodium ions are
released out and 2 potassium ions are released inside
the cell .
Importance of sodium potassium pump

 Functioning of nerve and muscle cells

 Water balance
 Creation of electrical potential across the
membrane
Sodium glucose pump

 Sodium glucose pump is an enzyme based

mechanism that transport the glucose inside
the cell from extracellular fluid across the cell
membrane due to concentration gradient of
sodium ions .
 This is very important as glucose is main
energy source to perform various functions
inside the cell.