IOT based Safe and Smart automations of

Agriculture Lands
INTRODUCTION:

 Agriculture is a backbone of our country. About 70% of India’s revenue

comes from agriculture. In this project we are proposing the model
which prevents spoilage of crops due to heavy and uneven rainfall.
 This objective is achieved with Embedded System design using Wifi

technology.
 The Main Concept of the project is to provide automation with respect to

motor Switching
 Utilize solar energy for agriculture motor switching operations
Problem Statement

To design a system which can give automation solutions with respect to motor
switching and safety solutions.

To design a system which can use solar input as primary source

Intimate the farmer about motor switching

Challenges
 Maintenance: Solar tracking systems are mechanical and
require regular maintenance.
 Reliability: The tracking system needs to be reliable to ensure

it operates smoothly, even in adverse weather conditions.

Failure in the tracking mechanism can reduce the efficiency of
the solar system and lead to a loss of energy production.
Motivation
 Solar energy is the most abundant source of energy in the world. Solar power is not only an answer to
today’s energy crisis but also an environmental friendly form of energy.
 Photovoltaic (PV) generation is an efficient approach for using the solar energy. Solar panels (an
array of photovoltaic cells) are now extensively used for running street lights, for powering water
heaters and to meet domestic loads.
 The cost of solar panels has been constantly decreasing which encourages its usage in various
sectors.
 One of the applications of this technology is used in irrigation systems for farming.
 Solar powered irrigation system can be a suitable alternative for farmers in the present state of energy
crisis in India. Today the generation is heading towards ultra technologies
Objectives
 This project proposes a solar based automatic irrigation system. The main objective
is to design a low cost and time based irrigation system with the help of Arduino and
monitoring the security of the field by monitoring animal presence .
 Irrigation scheduler measures various parameters such as humidity, temperature and
soil moisture.
 This automatic irrigation system uses alternative energy that drives water pump to
pump water from bore well to a tank and therefore the outlet valve of tank is
automatically regulated exploitation controller.
 In this irrigation system the irrigation pump controlled in two modes: Automatic
mode and WIFI mode.
Literature survey
Title of the paper Year and Methodology used Merits Demerits
with authors place of
publication
Sensor based April 2017, Moisture sensors Automatic There is no
automatic Maharashtra , are used in order to irrigation proper
irrigation system India provide adequate machinery protection of
and soil ph water in case of dry crops in case of
detection using weather. heavy rainfall.
image Ph property is used
Processing” to describe the
Sanjay degree of acidity or
kumawat,Ashwini basicity which will
Kapadnis affect nutrient
availability.
Title of the paper Year and Methodology used Merits Demerits
with authors place of
publication
Unmanned Aerial Date Added The paper presents Unmanned Costly to
Vehicles and new to combination of new System implement
technological IEEE Xplore: 0 approaches and Reduces Human
methods of 7 December technologies in Effort
monitoring and 2015 modern-day
crop protection in agriculture.
precision Ukraine Perspectives and
agriculture benefits of usage of
Unmanned Aerial
Vehicles in different
spheres of
agriculture
considered on the
Title of the paper Year and Methodology used Merits Demerits
with authors place of
publication
Development and Date Added Application of crop Easy to use and Costly to
evaluation of to protection materials implement. implement
drone mounted IEEE Xplore: 2 is one of the crucial
sprayer for 5 December operations in Literacy required
pesticide 2017 agriculture to meet (Farmer should
applications to ever demanding be educated)
crops Conference food production.
Location: San The drone mounted
Jose, CA, USA sprayer mainly
consists of BLDC
motors, LiPo
(Lithium polymer)
batteries, peticide
tank, pump, and
supporting frame.
Title of the paper with authors Year and place Methodology Merits Demerits
of publication used

Protection of crops from November Scale Invarient Immune to General alarm

animals using intelligent 2015, India Fourier noisy sound for all
surveillance system - Transform conditions animals
Mriganka Gogoi and Savio Raj method and changes
Philip in
temperature
and
environment
Wildlife recognition in IGCIR, India Histogram Uses Accuracy can
agriculture farms using W- oriented computer be improved
COHOG for agro – security gradients vision, high
By Nagaraju Andavarapu and detection rate
Title of the paper with Year and place of Methodology Merits Demerits
authors publication used

A smart farmland Authors- RFID and SMS alerts are given GPS not used to
using Raspberry Pi M.Surekha and GSM to farmers and forest detect location
crop prevention and team modules officers
animal intrusion IRJET 2018,India
detection system

Animal classification Authors- Machine High quality Recognition of

system based on A.W.D.Udaya learning recognition and positive and
image processing and Shalika,Lasantha (Motion rapid detection negative images
support vector Seneviratne detection separately was
machine 2016,Sri Lanka algorithm) not successful
Title of the paper Year and place of Methodology used Merits Demerits
with authors publication

A Comparison of IJIRCCE A comparison is SURF has good SIFT suffered with

made on the SIFT performance and low speed when
SIFT and SURF Vol. 1, Issue 2, April
compared to SURF.
and SURF algorithms good speed too.
- P M Panchal1, S R 2013
used for feature
Panchal2, S K Shah
extraction.

Recent Advances in 19th March, Basic principles Compared Only two

Features Extraction and of image feature in terms of quality algorithms, MSER
2019
of the extracted and SIFT
Description Algorithms: detection and
ARXIV features under algorithms proved
A Comprehensive description, overview
image to be more
Survey of the recent state- transformation exist practical and useful
-Ehab Salahat of-the-art in real-life for image
Murad Qasaimeh algorithms proposed applications, such extraction and
in literature as image detection.
rotation, scaling and
affine.
Title of the paper Year and Methodology Merits Demerits
with authors place of used
publication

A Smart Farmland IJARIIE-ISSN PIR sensors are Very low power Not trained to identify
Using Raspberry Pi (O)-2395- used to turn on requirement , different kinds or species of
Crop Vandalization
4396 camera, RFID animals ,
Prevention & Intrusion
module, GSM Can be used as a
Detection System
(Vol-1 module remote Not designed based on the
- Pooja G, Mohmad
Umair Bagali Issue-5 monitoring area where the farmland is
2016 ) system located

An Approach to Image 2014 SURF, colour combining colour Long execution time and thus
Classification Based University of histograms and histograms with smaller data samples set
on SURF Descriptors
Manchester spatial colour SURF descriptors
and Colour
histograms improves
Histograms - Rawabi
classification
Alwanin
accuracy by about
31.7%
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
 Atmega 328
 Wifi Module
 DC Motors
 Moisture Sensor
 Temperature Sensor
 Light Sensor
 Power Supply
 L293D
 Motion Detection sensor
 LCD
 Relay

Software Requirements
 Embedded C
 Arduino Suite
Block diagram
Methodology

 Check solar energy whether its available or not using

LDR
 If Available Track the panel to maximum power point

using motors
 When Solar energy is not available check for three phase

power.
 Intimate farmer when power comes through wifi module.
 Check dry run of motor and turn off when motor is

running dry
Expected Outcome

• Auto mode and manual mode control.

• Solar Tracking
• Three Phase power Tracking
• Dry run detection and control
• Intimation module for alerting.
Applications

User can monitor their Large fields, forests, gardens from anywhere, this
can be used in agricultural fields which is very helpful and useful for the
farmers.
 Saves Rain water and promotes Rain water harvesting
 Crop Losses Can be Avoided Easily
It optimizes the power usage through water resource management and also

saving government’s free subsidiary electricity and this proves an efficient

and economy way of irrigation and this will automate the agricultural
sector.
Advantages
 Avoids Crop Damage
 Easy to implement
 Saves farmers life
 Automated Process no Manual Intervention
Disadvantages
 Maintenance Required
 Cost of Initial Implementation
Gantt chart:
References

 [1] J. LeMieux, “Drones/UAVs Entrepreneurship: 30 Businesses You Can Start,”

Unmanned Vehicle University Press, 2013.
 [2] N. Woods, “The Aerial Application of Pesticides,” in Optimising Pesticide Use,
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2003.
 [3] N. Woods, I.P. Craig and G. Dorr, “DGPS for the aerial application of
pesticides,” in Agricultural Engineering Australia 25(2), pp. 31-33, 1996.
 [4] N. Woods, “Agricultural aircraft spray performance: calibration for commercial
operations,” Crop Protection 5(6), pp. 417-421, 1986.
 [5] A. Mehlein, U. Steiner, C. Hillnhutter, H. Dehne and E. Oerke, “Hyperspectral
Imaging for Small-scale Analysis of Symptomes Caused by Different Sugar Beet
Diseases,” Springer Link, January 2012
References

 [6]. Ms. Sneha Nahatkar, Prof. Avinash Gaur, Prof. Tareek M. Pattewa “Design of a
Home Embedded Surveillance System with Pyroelectric Infrared Sensor & Ultra-
Low Alert Power” International Journal of Advanced Research in Electronics and
Communication Engineering (IJARECE) Volume 1, Issue 3, September 2012.
 [7]. M. Sathishkumar1, S.Rajini “Smart Surveillance System Using PIR Sensor
Network and GSM” International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer
Engineering & Technology (IJARCET) Volume 4 Issue 1, January 2015.] S.
Sivagamasundari, S. Janani, “Home surveillance system based on MCU and GSM”,
International journal of communications and engineering, 2014, volume 06– no.6.