THE STOMACH

The stomach is also the major site for protein

digestion in animals other than ruminants.
Protein digestion is mediated by an enzyme
called pepsin in the stomach chamber. Pepsin
is secreted by the chief cells in the stomach
in an inactive form called pepsinogen.
THE STOMACH
 THE INTESTINE
Animal digestion begins in the mouth, then
moves through the pharynx, into the
esophagus, and then into the stomach and
small intestine. Nutrients are absorbed in the
small intestine and waste is prepared for
elimination in the large intestine.
THE INTESTINE
 THE SKIN
Skin is the layer of usually soft, flexible outer
tissue covering the body of a vertebrate
animal, with three main functions: protection,
regulation, and sensation. Other animal
coverings, such as the arthropod exoskeleton,
have different developmental origin, structure
and chemical composition.
THE SKIN
THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
Reproductive structures produce gametes
(eggs and sperm) and facilitate the meeting of
gametes to produce a zygote (fertilized egg).
In animals ranging from insects to humans,
males produce sperm in testes, and the sperm
are stored in the epididymis until ejaculation.
THE REPRODUCTIVE
ORGANS
 FUN FACT ABOUT
THE ORGANS
• Your brain doesn't feel pain!
• A heart beats around 115,000 times a
day.
• The stomach breaks down food using
chemicals.
• Your liver can regenerate!
THE ORGAN
SYSTEMS
 WHAT IS AN
ORGAN SYSTEM?
An organ system is a group of organs that work
together to perform a certain function in an organism's
body. Most animals and plants have organs, which are
self-contained groups of tissues such as the heart that
work together to perform one function. Humans and
other mammals have many organ systems.
WHAT DOES AN ORGAN
SYSTEM LOOK LIKE?
 THE ORGAN SYSTEM IS
COMPOSED OF THE
• FOLLOWING:
•
Integumentary System Digestive System
• Skeletal System • Respiratory System
• Muscular System • Circulatory System
• Nervous System • Excretory System
• Endocrine System • Reproductive System
 THE INTEGUMENTARY
SYSTEM
The integumentary system is an animal's outer
protective covering. It shields the animal from
abrasions, punctures, bacterial infections,
desiccation and water saturation, and
ultraviolet rays. The integumentary system in
humans is composed primarily of the skin,
which consists of the epidermis and dermis.
THE INTEGUMENTARY
SYSTEM
 THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
A skeletal system is necessary to support the
body, protect internal organs, and allow for
the movement of an organism. There are three
different skeleton designs that fulfill these
functions: hydrostatic skeleton, exoskeleton,
and endoskeleton.
THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
 THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
The muscular system is composed of
specialized cells called muscle fibers. Their
predominant function is contractibility.
Muscles, attached to bones or internal organs
and blood vessels, are responsible for
movement. Nearly all movement in the body
is the result of muscle contraction.
THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
The nervous system is the part of an animal's
body that coordinates its behavior and
transmits signals between different body
areas. In vertebrates it consists of two main
parts, called the central nervous system (CNS)
and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
 THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The endocrine system is instrumental in
regulating growth and development, tissue
function, metabolism, and reproductive
processes. Hormones affect nearly every cell
in the body by traveling through the
bloodstream and binding to specialized
receptors.
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
 THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
The primary functions of this system include
prehension of food and water; mastication,
salivation, and swallowing of food; digestion
of food and absorption of nutrients;
maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance;
and evacuation of waste products.
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
The respiratory system is the organ system
animals use to bring in oxygen and get rid of
carbon dioxide. We call the process of
bringing in oxygen and releasing carbon
dioxide breathing.
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM