QEM_1303_1

Lab Experiment: Dye Penetration

Testing

Instructor: Group members:

Prof. Vikrant S Dipak Rijal C0908505
Vikrant.S@cestarcollege.com Keyur Suhagiya C0910056
Sunil Kumar Sah C0909592
Sabin Karakheti C0909940
Aim

• To identify the presence of surface cracks on

the test specimen with the application Dye
Penetration test.
Introduction
• It is a non-destructive test.
• In this method, a special liquid penetrant is applied
on the surface of materials to check the cracks on its
surface.
• It works on the principle of capillary action. A liquid
having low surface tension is poured into a dry and
clean surface for a certain duration of time and thus
penetrates the surface.
• This test is used to determine surface flaws, such as
cracks, porosity, laps, etc., in a wide range of
materials, including both ferrous and non-ferrous
materials.
Materials required

• Test piece
• Brush/clothe/cleaner
• Penetrant (Red-colored low-viscosity oil)
• Developer (fine-grain white power suspended
on liquid)
Theory:

• Dye penetration testing consists of several steps like,

-Pre-cleaning and Surface Preparation: This is the

most important and basic step. The examining surface is
cleaned from grease, oil, water, paint, or any other
contaminants (Dey & Dey, 2023).

-Penetrant Application: The liquid penetrant is

applied on the specimen surface and allowed to soak into
any flaws for its dwell time (generally 10 to 60 minutes)
(Dey & Dey, 2023).
Theory

-Excess Penetrant Removal: Depending on the dye penetrant

type, The removal method is selected from water-washable,
solvent-removable, lipophilic post-emulsifiable, hydrophilic post-
emulsifiable, etc (Dey & Dey, 2023).

-Excess Penetrant Removal: The developer basically

draws back the dye penetrant from the defects to the surface so
that those can be visible. This process is known as bleeding out.
Developers are applied by dusting, spraying, or dipping (Dey &
Dey, 2023) .
Procedure:
• Clean the material’s surface thoroughly to remove rust, dust, and
paint and unmask the defects/cracks.
• Apply penetrant on the sample’s surface meticulously so that it
can penetrate into defects and cracks
• Wait until dwell time (approximately 10 minutes)
• Rinse carefully and absorb excess water with a clothe
• Apply developer on the test piece surface and wait
Advantages / disadvantages :

Advantages:
• Minimal cost
• Simple to conduct experiments in labs
• Test can be done for all materials
Disadvantages:
• The test piece surface must be smooth
• Only surface cracks can be identified; no
depth flaw information
Result: C0908505 – Dipak
Result: C0910056 – Keyur

Fig.: Testing For cracks with DPT

Fig.: Crack results after DPT
(Dye Penetrant Testing, 2023)
(Dye Penetrant Testing, 2023)
Result: C0909592 – Sunil
Result: C0909940 - Sabin
Precautions/ Safety Measure:

• Must use eye spectacles in entire experiment.

• Use hand gloves while doing experiment.
• Follow lab safety protocol.
Applications

• Domson Engineering and Inspection Ltd.

• Provide visual inspection and non destructive testing to detect
cracks, breaks, porosity, surface discontinuities present on the
surface.
• Do inspection on components and equipment's like storage
tank, welded joints, industrial equipment's, cranes, pressure
pipe, construction equipment’s.
References

• Weld.com. (2017, June 9). NDT Dye Penetrant Demo[Video].

YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GkynMLqq0Q

• Dey, A. K., & Dey, A. K. (2023, September 25). Dye Penetration

Test: Definition, Principles, procedure, Standards, Advantages, and
Disadvantages (With PDF). What Is Piping.
https://whatispiping.com/dye-penetration-test/

• Dye penetrant testing. (2023).

http://www.csmmuhendislik.com/dye_penetrant.html