• UNIVERSITY: INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF KYRGYZSTAN

• SCHOOL: INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

• FACULTY: GENERAL MEDICINE
• DEPARTMENT: PUBLIC HEALTH
• SUBJECT: GENERAL HYGIENE
• TOPIC NAME:SOLID WASTE CLEANING METHODS
• TEACHER: SIR. KUBATBEK SADVRBEKOV
• NAME: NIMRA SAMAN
• GROUP:08
• SEMESTER:05
• BISHKEK 2023
CONTENT:

• INTRODUCTION
• RELEVANCE OF TOPIC
• METHODS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT
• SOLUTION TO IMPROPER WASTE
DISPOSAL
• RECOMMENDATIONS
 INTRODUCTION

: Solid waste management has three major

components- collection and transportation;
reuse or recycling and treatment or safe
disposal. Solid waste management includes
sanitary landfill,
incineration
, pyrolysis,
composting and recycling.
SANITARY LANDFILLING

A method of disposing of solid waste on land without

creating nuisances or hazards to public health or safety.

PROBLEMS:
- Air pollution
Generation of liquid leachate.
Harmful Gas.
 SHREDDING AND PULVERIZATION

The size and volume reduction of msw is

accomplished by the physical process of
shredding and pulverisation.

Shredding refers to the action of cutting and

tearing.

Pulverisation refers to the action of crushing

and grinding.
 Composting
■Composting as defined earlier is a process
in which organic matter of the solid waste is
decomposed and converted to humus and
stable mineral compounds.
There are three methods of composting
(1) Composting by Trenching
(2) Open window composting
(3) Mechanical Composting
 Vermicomposting
Composting' using various
'Worms.'

■Manages Bio-Degradable
waste.

Highly economical.
 Incineration

Burning of refuse at high temperature in

furnaces called incineration.

PROBLEMS.

Emission of dangerous fumes.

- Incinerators require a source of energy

to start
Pyrolysis

It is defined as heating the solid waste at very

high temperature in absence of air.

Pyrolysis is carried out at a temperature

between 500C to 1000C to produce three
component streams.
Barging it out in to sea
■This method had been used in the past to
dispose off refuse by throwing it away in to
sea, after carrying it at reasonable distance
from the coast on barges.
The sea depth such disposal point should not
be less then 30m or so, and the direction of
the current should be as not to bring it back
towards the shore.
SOLUTION TO IMPROPER SOLID WASTE
DISPOSAL
• The government should work to invest on proper
SWD facilities. like sanitary landfills and
incineration factories.
• Should also improve solid waste collection, by
making sure they collect most of the waste and
segregating it to make disposal easier.
• They should also increase awareness throughout
all sectors of society
Recommendation

• The improvement of people and private sector through NGOs could improve the efficienc
y of solid waste management.
• Public awareness should be created especially at primary level.
• ■Littering of solid waste should prohibited in cities towns and urban areas.
• ■More over house to house collecting solid waste should be collected