Ministry of Higher Education

Afghan International University

Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department

Structural Dynamics

Lecturer: Dr. Mohammad Haroon “SARWARY”

Phone number: 0748168613
Email: mharoonsa@gmail.com
 FORCE VIBRATION

Harmonic vibration with viscous damping

Responses to periodic excitation
A periodic function is one in which the portion defined over T0 repeats
itself indefinitely. Many forces are periodic or nearly periodic. Under
certain conditions ,propeller forces on a ship..
The base excitation arising from an automobile traveling on an elevated
freeway that has settled because of long-term creep may be nearly
periodic.
FOURIER SERIES REPRESENTATION
A periodic function can be separated into its harmonic components
using the Fourier series

Theoretically, an infinite number of terms are required for the Fourier

series to converge to p(t).
In practice, however, a few terms are sufficient for good convergence.
The Fourier series converges to a value that is the average of the values
immediately to the left and to the right of the discontinuity
Response to periodic force
…

• A periodic excitation implies that the excitation has been in

existence for a long time, by which time the transient response
associated with the initial displacement and velocity has
decayed.
• We are interested in finding the steady-state response, just as
for harmonic excitation.
• The response of a linear system to a periodic force can be
determined by combining the responses to individual excitation
terms in the Fourier series.
The coefficient

If p(t) is the odd function of t p(-t) = -p(t)

If p(t) was the event function of t p(-t) = p(t)

example

The periodic force shown in Fig is defined by

…
…

First term Second term Third term

Whit period Whit period

Whit

and amplitude and amplitude

And amplitude
 ….

It have been considered to, every

one of periodic loading can be
wrote in Fourier series
The Fourier series element are
…

• a0 Constant load (The average value of p(t))

• an is the summation of all cosines harmonic
loading with frequency of

• bn is the summation of all sinusoidal harmonic

loading with frequency of

Response to n sinusoids parts of load

Response to n cosine parts of load

Response constant parts of load

 …

Calculation of

Calculation of Response to n

Calculation of Response to n
…

Total solution