the quantitative

methods of
evaluation
 What is quantitative 2

methods?
Analysis of quantitative research data involves statistical analysis from basic
description statistics to complex analysis. Quantitative data measure the depth and
breadth of an implementation the number of people who participated, the number of
people who completed the program.
-Focus numbers/ numeric values.
-Who, what, where, when match with outcomes about knowledge and comprehension
(define, classify, recall, recognize)
-Allows for measurement of variables.
-Uses statistical data analysis.
-May be generalize to greater population with larger samples.
 Example of quantitative
3

research
- Quantitative data collection methods include various forms of
surveys – online surveys, paper surveys, mobile surveys and face-to-
face interviews, telephone interviews, longitudinal studies, website
interceptors, online polls, and systematic observations.
 4

What are 5 examples of

quantitative research?
There are five main types of quantitative research designs and they are:

1. Descriptive Research Design - is used to understand a phenomenon, a situation,

or a population. Unlike experimental research, descriptive research does not
involve the manipulation of certain variables. Rather, it seeks only to observe and
measure the variables in order to investigate them.
2. Survey Research-Surveys are the most popular and common method to gather
data. You can ask multiple questions to a wide population. The data analysis is
also simple since you can use an online survey software that automatically
analyzes data for you.
You can choose to conduct surveys in two ways – cross-sectional and
longitudinal.
Cross-sectional surveys are used when you want to conduct research at a given
point in time.
Longitudinal surveys, on the other hand, are used when you want to run surveys
at various durations
 5

3. Correlational Research Design- Correlational research is a non-experimental research method

used to identify a relationship between two variables with no influence from any extraneous
variable.
The correlation between the two variables will reflect the direction and/or strength of their
relationship.
- A positive correlation denotes that both variables change in the same direction.
- A negative correlation denotes that the variables change in opposite directions.
- A zero correlation denotes that there is no relationship between the variables being studied.
4. Quasi-Experimental Research Design- Similar to the experimental research design, quasi-
experimental research also aims to identify a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables;
an independent variable and a dependent variable.
However, quasi-experiment involves subjects being assigned to groups based on non-random
criteria.
 6

5. Experimental Research Design-Experimental research, also known as

true experimentation, aims to measure the effect of one or more
independent variables on one or more dependent variables with the use of
the scientific method. This is done by manipulating the independent
variable to study its effects on the dependent variable.
The experimental research design involves conducting a set of procedures
to test the hypothesis of the study. Subjects within experimental research
are randomly assigned to groups rather than being assigned to groups
using non-random criteria.
 ADVANTAGES AND 7

DISADVANTAGES OF
QUANTITATIVE
✖
RESEARCH
Advantages of Quantitative Research
✖ The use of statistical analysis and hard numbers found in quantitative research has distinct advantages in the
research process.
✖ - Can be tested and checked. Quantitative research requires careful experimental design and the ability for
anyone to replicate both the test and the results. This makes the data you gather more reliable and less open to
argument.
✖ - Straightforward analysis. When you collect quantitative data, the type of results will tell you which
statistical tests are appropriate to use. As a result, interpreting your data and presenting those findings is
straightforward and less open to error and subjectivity.
✖ - Prestige. Research that involves complex statistics and data analysis is considered valuable and impressive
because many people don't understand the mathematics involved.
 8

✖ Disadvantages of Quantitative Research

✖ However, the focus on numbers found in quantitative research can also be limiting, leading to
several disadvantages.
✖ - False focus on numbers. Quantitative research can be limited in its pursuit of concrete,
statistical relationships, which can lead to researchers overlooking broader themes and
relationships.
✖ - Difficulty setting up a research model. When you conduct quantitative research, you need to
carefully develop a hypothesis and set up a model for collecting and analyzing data. Any errors in
your set up, bias on the part of the researcher, or mistakes in execution can invalidate all your
results.
✖ - Can be misleading. Many people assume that because quantitative research is based on statistics
it is more credible or scientific than observational, qualitative research.
 9

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