GAS EXCHANGE

SYSTEM
 LO
• Identify the different parts of the gas exchange system.
• Explain how the different parts are adapted to their functions.
• Key Words CCL – Math, Eng
• Breathing
• Respiration
• Diffusion
• Adapted
 STARTER
• Name the organ in the
picture and state its
function.
 THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM INCLUDES

1. Nose
2. Trachea
3. Lungs
i. Bronchi
ii. Bronchioles
iii. Alveolus
4. Intercostal muscles
5. Diaphragm
 1. THE NOSE
a) Air normally enters the air passages through the nose.
b) Fine hairs in the nose trap some of the dust particles in
the air.
c) The nose is moistened by mucus ( a watery liquid)
a) To make the air moist as it passes inwards
b) To traps bacteria that are carried on the air currents
d) The air is Warmed by the body temperature
 2. TRACHEA (WINDPIPE)
• It is made from rings of cartilage.
• Each ring is in the shape of a “C”.
• The inner lining of the windpipe has 2 types of cells
• Mucus-secreting cells
• To trap the dust particles and bacteria in the form of
mucus
• Ciliated epithelial cells
• The cilia move the mucus to the top of the windpone
where it enters the back of the mouth and it is
swallowed.
3. LUNGS
3.1 THE BRONCHI AND BRONCHIOLES
• The windpipe divides into two smaller tubes, known as bronchi
(singular : bronchus).
• The bronchi divide up into many smaller tubes, called
bronchioles.
3.2 Alveolus
• After travelling into the many bronchioles, it finally passes
into some of the millions of tiny sacs called alveoli, which
have the specialised surfaces for gas exchange.
• An alveolus has adaptations to allow it to exchange gases
effectively.
• Large surface area
• Thin and elastic walls
• Surround by a network of blood capillaries
• Moist surface
4. INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
• The chest wall is made by the ribs and intercostal muscles.
• Each rib is attached to the backbone by a joint that allow
only a small amount of movement.
• The internal and external intercostal muscles make the ribs
move.
 5. THE DIAPHRAGM
• It is a large sheet of muscle attached to the edges of the tenth
pair of ribs and the backbone.
• It separates the chest cavity (lungs & heart) from the lower
body cavity.
 Inhalation Exhalation
(Process of taking air into lung) (Process of expelling air from lung)
 GAS EXCHANGES
• Gaseous exchange takes place in the lungs by diffusion.
• Diffusion: the movement of gas molecules from higher
concentration to lower concentration
• Oxygen diffuse from alveoli to the blood capillary
• Carbon dioxide diffuse from blood capillary to the alveoli
 LEVELS OF TASK
Worksheet 1
Worksheet 2
 PLENARY
• https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=respiratory-
system-quiz_8