8085 Instruction

Set
Subject : Microprocessor and microcontroller
Subject code : TIU-UEC-T210
Subject Teacher: Dr. Subhashis Roy, ECE Department.

8085 Instruction Set 1

Outline

 What is instruction set? Machine Cycles? T

state?
 How to calculate T state?
 Types of Instructions and elaborate
description with examples
 Summary and further study

8085 Instruction Set 2

8085 Instruction Set 3
 Machine Cycles and T-state
 You can find Name of the instruction, Operation of
the instruction, Machine cycles, T-state.
 Machine cycles are sub part of any instruction.
 Machine cycles: It can be
 Opcode Fetch OF. It requires (4 T-states/6 T-states)
 Memory Read MR . It requires (3 T-state)
 Memory Write MW . It requires (3 T-state)
 Input/Output Read I/OR . It requires (3 T-state)
 Input/Output Write I/O W . It requires (3 T-state)

8085 Instruction Set 4

 Contd…
 T state calculation:
 If Clock Frequency(f) of 8085 processor is 3.2
MHz, then the Clock Time period (T) is :
 T= 1/f =1/3.2MHz= 0.3125 micro second
 So T= 0.3125 micro Second
Now calculate the time required for different operations:
Machine cycle T state Time in micro sec.
Opcode fetch 4/6 1.25 / 1.875
Memory Read/Write 3 0.9375
I/O Read/Write 3 0.9375

8085 Instruction Set 5

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Reference slide(SPHL EXPLAINED)

8085 Instruction Set 19

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Reference slides (XTHL explained)

8085 Instruction Set 21

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8085 Instruction Set 27

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8085 Instruction Set 45

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Here CY and Zero flags are used to show your results.

8085 Instruction Set 50

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 circular Left shift

8085 Instruction Set 64

 circular right shift

8085 Instruction Set 65

RRC VS.
RAR

8085 Instruction Set 66

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Reference
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8085 Instruction Set 70

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Reference slide(CALL ins. diagram)

8085 Instruction Set 77

Reference slide(RET ins. diagram)

8085 Instruction Set 78

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8085 Instruction Set 79

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8085 Instruction Set 80

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Instruction & Data Formats

8085 Instruction set can be classified

according to size (in bytes) as
1. 1-byte Instructions
2. 2-byte Instructions
3. 3-byte Instructions
1. One-byte Instructions

Includes Opcode and Operand in the same byte

Examples-

Opcode Operand Binary Code Hex Code

MOV C, A 0100 1111 4FH
ADD B 1000 0000 80H
HLT 0111 0110 76H
1. Two-byte Instructions

First byte specifies Operation Code

Second byte specifies Operand
Examples-

Opcode Operand Binary Code Hex Code

MVI A, 32H 0011 1110 3EH
0011 0010 32H
MVI B, F2H 0000 0110 06H
1111 0010 F2H
1. Three-byte Instructions

First byte specifies Operation Code

Second & Third byte specifies Operand
Examples-

Opcode Operand Binary Code Hex Code

LXI H, 2050H 0010 0001 21H
0101 0000 50H
0010 0000 20H
LDA 3070H 0011 1010 3AH
0111 0000 70H
0011 0000 30H
Summary – Data transfer

 MOV Move
 MVI Move Immediate
 LDA Load Accumulator Directly from Memory
 STA Store Accumulator Directly in Memory
 LHLD Load H & L Registers Directly from
Memory
 SHLD Store H & L Registers Directly in
Memory

8085 Instruction Set 89

 Summary Data
transfer
 An 'X' in the name of a data transfer instruction implies that it
deals with a register pair (16-bits);

 LXI Load Register Pair with Immediate data

 LDAX Load Accumulator from Address in Register Pair
 STAX Store Accumulator in Address in Register Pair
 XCHG Exchange H & L with D & E
 XTHL Exchange Top of Stack with H & L

8085 Instruction Set 90

 Summary - Arithmetic Group
 Add, Subtract, Increment / Decrement data in registers or memory.

 ADD Add to Accumulator

 ADI Add Immediate Data to Accumulator
 ADC Add to Accumulator Using Carry Flag
 ACI Add Immediate data to Accumulator Using Carry
 SUB Subtract from Accumulator
 SUI Subtract Immediate Data from Accumulator
 SBB Subtract from Accumulator Using Borrow (Carry) Flag
 SBI Subtract Immediate from
Accumulator Using Borrow (Carry)
 INR
Flag
 DCR Increment Specified Byte by One
 INX Decrement Specified Byte by One
 DCX Increment Register Pair by One
 DAD Decrement Register Pair by One
Double Register Add; Add Content of Register Pair to H & L
Register Pair 8085 Instruction Set 91
 Summary Logical
 Group
This group performs logical (Boolean) operations on data in
registers and memory and on condition flags.
 These instructions enable you to set specific bits in the
accumulator ON or OFF.

 AN Logical AND with Accumulator

A Logical AND with Accumulator Using Immediate
 ANI Data
 ORA Logical OR with Accumulator
 OR Logical OR with Accumulator Using Immediate
Data
 XRA Exclusive Logical OR with Accumulator
 XRI Exclusive OR Using Immediate Data

8085 Instruction Set 92

 The Compare instructions compare the content of an 8-bit value with the
contents of the accumulator;

 CMP Compare
 CPI Compare Using Immediate Data

 The rotate instructions shift the contents of the accumulator one bit
position to the left or right:

 RLC Rotate Accumulator Left

 RRC Rotate Accumulator Right
 RAL Rotate Left Through Carry
 RAR Rotate Right Through Carry

 Complement and carry flag instructions:

 CMA Complement Accumulator

 CMC Complement Carry Flag Set
 STC Carry Flag

8085 Instruction Set 93

Summary - Branch
Group
 Unconditional branching
 JMP Jump
 CALL Call
 RET Return
 Conditions
 NZ Not Zero (Z = 0)
 Z Zero (Z = 1)
 NC No Carry (C = 0)
 C Carry (C = 1) Parity
 PO Odd (P = 0) Parity
 PE Even (P Plus (S = 0) = 1)
 P Minus (S = 1)
 M

 Conditional branching

8085 Instruction Set 94

 Summary -
Stack
 PUSH Push Two bytes of Data onto the Stack
 POP Pop Two Bytes of Data off the Stack
 XTHL Exchange Top of Stack with H & L Move
 SPHL content of H & L to Stack Pointer

8085 Instruction Set 95

I/0 instructions

 IN Initiate Input Operation

 OUT Initiate Output Operation

8085 Instruction Set 96

Summary -Machine Control
instructions
 EI Enable Interrupt System
 DI Disable Interrupt System
 HLT Halt
 NOP No Operation

8085 Instruction Set 97

Thank you and best wishes

8085 Instruction Set 98