VARIABLES AND

SAMPLING TECNIQUES
Anggun Kurniati (A2B0220033)
Muhammad Febliyansyah (A2B022014)
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 What Is Research Variables?

2 Types of variables

3 Definition of the sampling techniques

4 Types of sampling techniques

VARIABLES

SAMPLING
TECNIQUES
 What Is Research Variables?

• Theoretically, variable can be defined as an attribute of a person, or object,

which has "variations" between one person and another or one object with
another object (Hatch and Farhady, 1981).

• Kerlinger (1973) states that variables are constructs or properties to be studied.

Examples are given, for example, aspiration level, income, education, social
status, gender, salary group, work productivity, and others.
 Types of variables
According to Sugiyono (2016), There are 5 types variables.

Intervening variable
Independent Variables Dependent Variable
Moderator Variables Control variable
Definition of the sampling techniques
The sample is part of the number and characteristics possessed by the
population, or a small part of the population members taken according to
certain procedures so that they can represent the population.

According to the expert's opinion, the sample is as follows:

Arikunto : the sample is part or representative of the population being studied .If
we will only examine a part of the population, then the study is called a sample
study.

Sudjana & Ibrahim: stated that the sample is part of the affordable population that
has the same characteristics as the population.
 Types of sampling techniques
Sampling technique is basically can be grouped into 2 (two) types, namely probability sampling and non-probability
sampling

Probability sampling Non-probability sampling

● Simple random sampling ● Systematic Sampling

● Disproportionate Stratified Random ● Quota Sampling
Sampling ● Accidental sampling
● Proportionate stratified random ● Purposive Sampling
sampling ● Saturated Sampling
● Cluster sampling (Area sampling) ● Sampling Snowball
THANKS!
—SOMEONE FAMOUS