SBI

S
Reading and
Thinking
Strategies SY 2021-2022
TEXT AS CONNECTED
DISCOURSE
Week – 1

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✗ Reading comprehension is the active process
of constructing meaning from text.

✗ - Vaugh and Linan – Thompson (2004)

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text
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TEXT
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discourse
DISCURSUS
 ✗ EXAMPLE

✗ Journal Diary
✗ News Articles
✗ Anecdotes
✗ Procedures
✗ Critiques
✗ Opinion Piece
✗ Research Articles

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 TEXT

Made up of sentences having the

property of grammatical cohesion.

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 ✗ DISCOURSE

✗ Made up of utterances having the

property of coherence

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 ✗ COHESION IS FOR TEXT

COHERENCE IS FOR DISCOURSE

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✗ When the text becomes a connected
discourse?

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Written text
Written text is considered a connected
discourse when a relationship between the
reader and the text is seen through
reading.
 ✗ LET’S TRY!
✗ Read and find the main idea

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What are the forms of
discourse?

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Exposition
✗ A form of discourse that serves to explain or
inform.

Example:
A research paper on the cause and effects of
global warming; an article on child labor and child
abuse.

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description
✗ A form of discourse that serves to describe
or state the qualities of characteristic of
something/someone.

Example:
A student’s description of his ideal teacher and
etc.

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NARRATION
✗ A form of discourse that serves to narrate
or tell a story, it appeals to the emotions.

Example:
A narrative account of a student’s near death
experience and etc.

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ARGUMENTATION
✗ A form of discourse that serves to argue (to
cite reasons for or against a proposition) or
to persuade.

Example:
A commercial advertisement.

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READING AS A PROCESS

PRE DURING POST

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AM I AN EFFECTIVVE
READER?

HOW TO BE ONE?

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STRATEGIES TO BE
AN EFFECTIVE
READER
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STRATEGIES TO BE AN
EFFECTIVE READER

PREVIEWING

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STRATEGIES TO BE AN
EFFECTIVE READER

PREDICTING

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STRATEGIES TO BE AN
EFFECTIVE READER

OVERVIEWING

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STRATEGIES TO BE AN
EFFECTIVE READER

SURVEYING

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STRATEGIES TO BE AN
EFFECTIVE READER

GUESSING
FROM THE
CONTEXT
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STRATEGIES TO BE AN
EFFECTIVE READER

PARAPHRASING

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TECHNIQUES
IN READING
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TECHNIQUES IN READING

SKIMMING
PREVIEWING
OVERVIEWING
SURVYING
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 TECHNIQUES IN READING

SCANNING
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 TECHNIQUES IN READING

COMPREHENSIVE

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TECHNIQUES IN READING

CRITICAL
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CONTEXT
CLUES
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ANALYE THE FOLLOWING
WORDS
BEAUTIFUL

PRETTY

ATTRACTIVE

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A. SYNONYMMS AS CONTEXT
CLUES

Synonyms – words having the same meaning

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SYNONYMS appear in different
ways:
1. By dashes (-)

She finds solace – comfort – in the palace.

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SYNONYMS appear in different
ways:
2. By commas

The advocates, supporters, of anti-mining formed a

picket outside the building.

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SYNONYMS appear in different
ways:
3. By parenthesis

The local residents are among the hordes(a large group

of people) who lined up to take their chance in the
contest.

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SYNONYMS appear in different
ways:
4. By reinstatement

The smiles of these little children are guiltless. They

show innocence and no deception.

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BEAUTIFUL – UGLY

EARLY - LATE

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B. ANTONYMS AS CONTEXT
CLUES
Ex:

His siblings are generous and giving but she is so stingy.

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C. EXAMPLES AS CONTEXT
CLUES
Ex:

Lyn is on a diet. However, she still ate a portion of

everything served like a small piece of meat and small
piece of bread.

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D. COMPARISON AS CONTEXT
CLUES
Ex:

My brother is enthralled by birds similar to the way I

am fascinated by insects.

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E.. DEFINITION AS CONTEXT
CLUES
Ex:

His emaciation, that is, his skeleton-like

appearance, was frightening to see.

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F. EXPLANATION AS
CONTEXT CLUES
The newlyweds agreed to be very frugal in their
shopping because they wanted to save enough money to
buy a house.

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EXERCISE:
1. The Europeans, who would someday be known as
the Pilgrims, must have been a very determined and
brave group of settlers.
2. Our baseball team's pitcher has a
few eccentric habits, such as throwing exactly
thirteen warm-up pitches and never wearing socks.

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3. The debris on the stadium floor included numerous
paper cups, ticket stubs, and cigarette butts.

4. The newlyweds agreed to be very frugal in their

shopping because they wanted to save enough money to
buy a house.

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5. The court decided that the claim was fraudulent, even
though the evidence seemed to show it was real.

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