CEP12

ANALYSIS OF COMPRESSION MEMBERS

For a short compression member: For a long member:

MODE OF FAILURE: YIELDING MODE OF FAILURE: FLEXURAL BUCKLING

Stress is governed by Fy Stress is governed by Euler’s buckling formula,

 𝑘=𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡h 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝑘𝐿
=𝑠𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜
𝑟
Slenderness ratio for compression members
must not exceed 200

STRENGTH OF A COMPRESSION MEMBER

NSCP 2001 (Allowable Stress Design):

𝐶𝑐 =
𝐹𝑦√
2 𝜋2 𝐸

Cc is the limiting slenderness ratio that separates short and intermediate members to long members

𝑘𝑙
1. 𝑊h𝑒𝑛 < 𝐶 𝑐 , 𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑏𝑢𝑐𝑘𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑟 𝑚𝑖𝑛

[ ( )]
2
𝑘𝐿
1 𝑟 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐹 𝑛= 1 − 𝐹𝑦
2 𝐶𝑐

𝐹𝑛
𝐹 𝑎=
Ω

( )
3
𝑘𝐿 𝑘𝐿
5 3 𝑟 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1 𝑟 𝑚𝑖𝑛
Ω= + ( )−
3 8 𝐶𝑐 8 𝐶𝑐
 𝑘𝑙
2 . 𝑊h𝑒𝑛 > 𝐶 𝑐 , 𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑏𝑢𝑐𝑘𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔
𝑟 𝑚𝑖𝑛
2
𝜋 𝐸
𝐹 𝑛 =
( )
2
𝑘𝐿
𝑟
𝐹𝑛
𝐹 𝑎=
Ω

23
Ω =
12
2
12 𝜋 𝐸
𝐹 𝑎=
( )
2
𝑘𝐿
23
𝑟
NSCP 2010/2015 (Allowable Stress Design and Load and Resistance Factor Design):

In NSCP 2010/2015, the flanges and web are classified as either compact, non-compact or slender based on limiting
width-thickness ratios for compression elements given in Table 502.4.1 (page 576). This must be identified first as there is
a different formula for each cases.

(3) Uniform compression in flanges of rolled I-shaped (10) Uniform compression in webs of doubly symmetric I-
sections, plates projecting from rolled I-shaped sections; shaped sections.
outstanding legs of pairs of angles in continuous contact
and flanges of the channels
Compressive Strength for Flexural Buckling of Members Without Slender Elements

ALLOWABLE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (ASD)

𝑃𝑛
𝑃 𝑎= ; Ω=1.67
Ω
ULTIMATE/DESIGN COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (LRFD)

𝑃 𝑢 =φ 𝑃 𝑛 ; φ= 0.90
Compressive Strength for Flexural Buckling of Members With Slender Elements
 Unstiffened Element

Stiffened Element

Take note: If flange is slender,

compute for Qs; If web is
slender, compute for Qa; If both
is slender, solve for both.
Take note: For hot-rolled W-shaped sections. Use
number 1.
Computing Aeff