Introduction To PSCD

I S A B E L A S TAT E U N I V E R S I T Y
College Of Engineering
CE 424 – Professional Course – Prestressed Concrete Design
CE 424 – Prestressed
Concrete Design
RALPH HAJILE B. ESTRADA
CE, Instructor
FB: Estra d a H a jile
C o n ta c t : 0 9 2 8 5 0 6 4 7 7 8 d r u m m r s tr id e 3 0 @ g m a il. c o m
CE 424 – Prestressed Concrete Design
A specialized professional course for civil engineering students in structural engineering
designed to enable the design of reinforced concrete structures with optimum utilization
of post-tensioned prestressed concrete elements.
Pre-requisite: Reinforced Concrete Design
Course Outcomes:
1. Understand the process involved in the design of reinforced concrete framed structures
utilizing post-tensioned prestressed concrete elements;
2. Demonstrate how to design a reinforced concrete structure such as a building with
optimum utilization of post-tensioned prestressed concrete elements.
PSC COURSE OUTLINE AND GRADING SCHEME
Prelim Prelim 20%
◦ Introduction Midterm 25%
◦ Basic Concept Method Finals 25%
◦ Application of BCM Quizzes 15%
Midterm Problem Set 10%
◦ C – Line Method Attendance 5%
◦ Load Balancing Method 100%
◦ Applications of Load Balancing
Method  Passing Grade: 75 %
Finals
◦ Irregular Sections  Calculation of Grade:
◦ NSCP Provisions FG = RS (62.5%) + 37.5
◦ Deflections
Concept of Prestressing
CE, Instructor
CONCEPT OF PRESTRESSING
Prestressing can be defined as the imposition of internal stresses into a structure that are
of opposite character to those that will be caused by the service or working loads.
Without a squeezing force, the stack of books will collapse

under its own weight.
With a compressive force applied at both ends, the stack of books can now support its
own weight.
The stack of books can support additional loads if the compressive force is applied
eccentrically below the N.A.
Pre-tensioned hoops in barrels Pre-tensioned spokes in wheels

Pre-stressed girders in bridges Pre-stressed precast beam

Prestressed Concrete
CE, Instructor
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
Tendons are stretched,
1 concrete placed.
Tendons are released,

2 negative bending produced
W
Self-weight & other
3 service loads are applied
Weightless beam – prestressed beam with enough negative loading such that the effects
of the beam’s self-weight is eliminated.
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
Pre-stressed girder detail Pre-stressing molds for beams

Advantages of Prestressed
Concrete
CE, Instructor
A D VA N TA G E S O F P R E S T R E S S E D C O N C R E T E
It is possible with prestressing to utilize the entire cross sections of members to resist
loads.
a
T
Cracked Concrete
Stress Diagram
 Smaller members can be used to support the same loads.
 Same sizes can support longer spans.
 Prestressed members are crack-free under working loads – watertight.
 Total deflections are reduced.
Prestressed RC Beam
Regular RC Beam
W
W
Prestressed RC can sustain same loadings

Regular RC may crack with excess loading without cracking
 For a large number of structures, prestressed concrete provides the lowest first-cost
solution.
 Reduction in diagonal tension stresses
 Sections with greater stiffnesses under working loads.
 Increased fatigue and impact resistance compared to ordinary reinforced concrete.
Disadvantages of
Prestressed Concrete
CE, Instructor
D I S A D VA N TA G E S O F P R E S T R E S S E D C O N C R E T E
 Prestressed concrete requires the use of higher-strength
concretes and steels and the use of more complicated
formwork, with resulting higher labor costs.
 Closer quality control required in manufacture.
 Losses in the initial prestressing forces. When the
compressive forces from prestressing are applied to the
concrete, it will shorten somewhat, partially relaxing the
cables. The result is some reduction in cable tension with a
resulting loss in prestressing forces. Shrinkage and creep
of the concrete add to this effect.
D I S A D VA N TA G E S O F P R E S T R E S S E D C O N C R E T E
 Additional stress conditions must be checked
in design, such as the stresses occurring when
prestress forces are first applied and then after
prestress losses have taken place, as well as
the stresses occurring for different loading
conditions.
 Cost of end anchorage devices and end-beam
plates that may be required.
Pre-Tensioning and Post-

Tensioning
CE, Instructor
P R E - T E N S I O N I N G A N D P O S T- T E N S I O N I N G
 The two general methods of prestressing are pre-tensioning and posttensioning.
PRE-TENSIONING POST-TENSIONING
Jack Duct
Prestressing bed/Applying tension to tendons Casting of Concrete
Jack
Concrete is cast and cured Concrete is cast and cured
Transferring of prestress/cutting of tendon Anchoring the tendon at the stretching end

PRE-TENSIONING
 Prestress tendons are tensioned before Jack
the concrete is placed.

 Tendons are cut after concrete has Prestressing bed/Applying tension to tendons
hardened sufficiently and prestress
force is transmitted to concrete by
bond.
 Particularly well suited for mass Concrete is cast and cured
production.
Transferring of prestress/cutting of tendon

PRE-TENSIONING
DEVICES Jack
 Prestressing bed
 End abutments Prestressing bed/Applying tension to tendons
 Shuttering / mould
 Jack
 Anchoring device Concrete is cast and cured
 Harping device (optional)
Transferring of prestress/cutting of tendon

P O S T- T E N S I O N I N G
 Tendons are stressed after the concrete is
placed and has gained the desired Duct
strength.
 Plastic or metal tubes, conduits, sleeves, Casting of Concrete
or similar devices with unstressed
tendons inside (or later inserted) are Anchorage
located in the form and the concrete is Jack
placed.
Concrete is cast and cured
 When concrete has hardened, tendons
are stretched and mechanically attached
to end anchorage devices.
 Prestress forces are transferred to the
concrete not by bond but by end bearing.
Anchoring the tendon at the stretching end
 It is actually possible in posttensioning
to have either bonded or unbonded Duct
tendons.
 After the steel is tensioned, cement grout Casting of Concrete
is injected into the duct for bonding.
Anchorage
 The grout is also useful in protecting the Jack
steel from corrosion.
Concrete is cast and cured

 If bonded, the conduits are often made
of aluminum, steel, or other metal Duct
sheathing.
 It is possible to use steel tubing or rods Casting of Concrete
or rubber cores that are cast in the
Anchorage
concrete and removed a few hours after
Jack
the concrete is placed.
 If the tendons are to be unbonded, they Concrete is cast and cured
should be greased to facilitate tensioning
and to protect them from corrosion.

Multistrand Post-Tensioning System

Shapes of
Prestressed Sections
CE, Instructor
C o n ta c t : 0 9 2 8 5 0 6 4 7 7 8 ; d r u m m r s tr id e 3 0 @ g m a il. c o m
SHAPES OF PRESTRESSED SECTIONS
 From the viewpoint of formwork alone, rectangular sections are the most economical,
but more complicated shapes, such as I’s and T’s, will require smaller quantities of
concrete and prestressing steel to carry the same loads and, as a result, they frequently
have the lowest overall costs.
I-SECTIONS BOX SECTIONS

Prestress Losses
CE, Instructor
C o n ta c t : 0 9 2 8 5 0 6 4 7 7 8 ; d r u m m r s tr id e 3 0 @ g m a il. c o m
PRESTRESS LOSSES
 The flexural stresses calculated in prestressed beams are based on initial stresses in the
prestress tendons.
 These stresses, however, become smaller with time (over a period of roughly five
years) because of several factors. These factors include:
1. Elastic shortening of the concrete
2. Shrinkage and creep of the concrete
3. Relaxation or creep in the tendons
4. Slippage in posttensioning end anchorage systems
5. Friction along the ducts used in posttensioning

Introduction To PSCD

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Introduction To PSCD

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

I S A B E L A S TAT E U N I V E R S I T Y

Without a squeezing force, the stack of books will collapse

Pre-tensioned hoops in barrels Pre-tensioned spokes in wheels

Pre-stressed girders in bridges Pre-stressed precast beam

Tendons are released,

Pre-stressed girder detail Pre-stressing molds for beams

Prestressed RC can sustain same loadings

Pre-Tensioning and Post-

Prestressing bed/Applying tension to tendons Casting of Concrete

Concrete is cast and cured Concrete is cast and cured

Transferring of prestress/cutting of tendon Anchoring the tendon at the stretching end

 Prestress tendons are tensioned before Jack

the concrete is placed.

Transferring of prestress/cutting of tendon

 Harping device (optional)

Transferring of prestress/cutting of tendon

Anchoring the tendon at the stretching end

Anchoring the tendon at the stretching end

Multistrand Post-Tensioning System

I-SECTIONS BOX SECTIONS

You might also like