ACID

STIMULATION
 TABLE OF
CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Acid Stimulation
3. When Needed?
4. Type of Acid Stimulation
5. Treatment And Design Selection
6. Case Study of Sarah Sandstone Formation
7. Safety and Environmental Protection
8. Conclusion
9. References
 Introduction
Sometimes, there in reduction in oil productivity of the well due to low
permeability of the fluids, deposition in fracture or due to the damage
around wellbore. So to deal with this problem we use the well stimulation
which helps to increase the productivity.
 Acid Stimulation
Acidizing involves pumping acid into a wellbore or geologic formation that is capable of producing
oil and/or gas.

Aims:
 Enhancement of well productivity;
 Dissolution of scaling deposits in fracture;
 Reduction of skin factor by removing near wellbore damage.
When Acid Treatment Needed?
When there is a
DAMAGE
Fig. Spectrum of Acid Treatment applicability
 Types of Acid Stimulation

Acid Matrix Acid

Cleaning Acidizing Fracturing
Treatment Selection and design process

Formation Type Formation

Permeability
1. Carbonate The ability of fluid to
2. Sandstone flow through the
3. shale formation in its natural
state
 Case study on Sarah sandstone
Formation

 Properties of core sample used in Research:

Name Formation Diameter, cm Length, cm Pore Porosity, % Permeability,

volume, cc mD
S2 Sarah 3.81 6.97 18.6 23.4 48.7

 Acid Combination and concentration:

Acid Combination Preflush Acid Concentration Main Acid Concentration

Mud Acid 10% HCl 9% HCl − 1.5% HF
S2 core pre and post acidizing by Mud acid
 Safety and Environment Protection
Safety:
1. Detection of leak
2. Proper Handling
3. Wear protective Gauntlet, safety Goggles and Masks
4. Fresh water and spray wash
5. Scrubbing Equipment

Environmental Protection:
6. Proper Handling
7. Proper Disposal of Acid
8. Proper Choice of Chemical Additives
 Conclusion
 Oil and gas operators have safely and successfully used acid to improve productivity of oil and gas wells
for nearly 120 years. Today, acidizing is one of the most widely used processes for stimulating oil and gas
wells.
 Two types of acids are most commonly used; hydrochloric acid in all formation types and hydrofluoric acid
in sandstones and certain shales. Other types of acids, such as organic acids, may also be used in
specialized situations.
 Since geologic formations are never homogeneous, blends (particularly for sandstone formations) of HCl
and HF are usually pumped with the blend ratios based on the formation mineralogy.
 All aspects of the regulatory framework surrounding the use of acid in oil and gas wells are well developed
and mature as are the operational and safety practices employed by operators and service providers .
 References
1. Halliburton, Effective Sandstone Acidizing, Best Practices Series
2. Halliburton, Carbonate Matrix Acidizing Treatments, Best Practices Series
3. Halliburton, Fracture Acidizing, Best Practices Series
4. Kalfayan, L.J. Production Enhancement with Acid Stimulation (Second Edition).
2008. PennWell.
5. Schlumberger, Reservoir Stimulation (Third Edition). 2000. John Wiley & Sons.
6. Schlumberger, Trends in Matrix Acidizing
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