GOOD

MORNING
CLASS!
CLASS RULES
Listen attentively
to the teacher
when he speaks
01
Raise your hand
before speaking or
when you have
questions to avoid
02
unnecessary noise
Respect to your
fellow classmate
and your teacher 03
is a MUST
Don’t do anything
that is unnecessary 04
RECALL
GAME
TIME!
CHARADES
Game Mechanics:

THE CLASS WILL BE DIVIDED INTO 2 GROUPS AND

EACH GROUP MUST CHOOSE ONE REPRESENTATIVE
TO PLAY THE GAME. THE PLAYER WILL DRAW A
WORD FROM THE BOX AND ACTS OUT THE WORD
USING HAND SIGNALS AND BODY MOTIONS BUT NO
SPOKEN WORD IS ALLOWED. THE MEMBERS OF THE
GROUP NEEDS TO GUESS WHAT THE WORD IS. EACH
GROUP IS GIVEN 2 MINUTES TO GUESS THE WORDS.

THE POINT EARNED BY THE GROUP WILL BE

CREDITED AND ADDED TO YOUR QUIZ.
1. ENERGY
2. BINDING
3. BREAKUP
4. DEHYDRATE
ATP-ADP
CYCLE
Are you ready to join me on
this journey in learning
about ATP and ADP
Cycle?”
ACTIVITY
TIME
Read me and
color me
right
An envelope that contains the materials needed
for this activity will be given. After opening the
folder, you must read the given instructions
first before anything else. Your group must
have 1 narrator to read the set of instructions
for your group, you have to listen carefully to
the narrator and work collaboratively in order
to finish the task on time. Exactly five mins
only will be given to you finish your activity.”
Why do you need to
eat food?
What do you think is
the Energy currency
of our body?”
What are the types of
food you need to eat
to have energy?”
What will happen if
you do not eat food?
Why do you think we
need to have an
energy?
Every task performed by organisms requires
energy. In fact, the cells of every organism
constantly use energy. Nutrients and other
molecules are imported, metabolized and
synthesized into new molecules, modified and
transported around the cell and to the entire
body of an organism.
What do you think
will happen if you
get lots and lots of
energy in your
body?
A living cell cannot store significant amounts
of free energy. Excess free energy would result
in an increase of heat in the cell, which would
result in excessive thermal motion that could
damage and then destroy the cell.
A cell must be able to handle that energy in a
way that enables the cell to store energy safely
and release it for use only as needed. Living
cells accomplish this by using the compound
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) which known as
the “energy currency” of the cell due to its
versatility to fill any energy need of the cell.
 Part 1: The
Structure of ATP
ATP consist of three parts: 1 adenine molecule,
1 ribose sugar molecule and 3 phosphate
molecules. Energy is stored in the bond that is
found between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate
groups.
Part 2: The ATP
Decomposition
ATP Decomposition: When a cell requires
energy, it breaks off the last (3rd) phosphate
group from the ATP molecule, which release
energy. The molecule that is left over is called
adenosine diphosphate which consists of
adenine, ribose sugar and TWO phosphate
groups. ADP contains less energy than ATP
Part 3: ATP
Synthesis
ATP synthesis ATP molecules are constantly
being rebuilt from ADP and lone phosphate
groups. This ensures that cells always have a
source of energy. However, it takes energy to
make ATP. The energy to make ATP comes
from a carbohydrate called GLUCOSE.
Glucose is a monosaccharide or simple sugar.
Plants produce glucose during photosynthesis.
ATP STRUCTURE
AND FUNCTION
Adenosine triphosphate is comprised of
adenosine bound to three phosphate groups. At
the heart of ATP is a molecule of adenosine
monophosphate (AMP), which is composed of
adenine molecule bonded to a ribose molecule
and to a single phosphate group. Ribose is a
five-carbon sugar found in RNA, and adenine
is one of the nucleotides in RNA.
The addition of a second phosphate group to
this core molecule results in the formation of
adenosine diphosphate (ADP)

The addition of the third phosphate group

forms adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
The Three phosphate groups are labeled as
alpha, beta and gamma. These chemical
groups constitute an energy powerhouse.
However, not all bonds within this molecule
exist in a particularly high-energy state.
The high-energy bonds are the bonds between
the second and third (beta and gamma) and
between the first and second phosphate
groups.
CHECKPOINT
1. What are the parts of the ATP?
“Adenine, Ribose and the phosphate Group.”
2. What do you call when a second
phosphate group is added to
Adenosine Monophosphate? Third
phosphate group?
“Adenosine diphosphate, Adenosine
Triphosphate.”
 COUPLED
REACTION
PROCESSES
What comes into your mind when
you hear the word coupled?
The term "coupled" refers to the connection or
association between two or more entities,
systems, or processes.
What is Oxidation? Reduction?
Oxidation is a chemical process in which a
substance loses electrons

Reduction is a chemical process in which a

substance gains electrons.
 Energy production within a cell involves many
coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these
pathways are combinations of oxidation and
reduction in a compound. An oxidation strips an
electron from an atom in a compound, and the
addition of this electron to another compound is
a reduction reaction or the so-called redox
reactions because they usually occur together
 A. Endergonic and Exergonic reactions

Endergonic reactions require an input of energy.

On the other hand, an exergonic reactions
releases energy.
 B. Exergonic hydrolysis of ATP and Endergonic
dehydration process

Hydrolysis of ATP – It is the process of breaking

complex macromolecules. The hydrolysis of ATP
produces ADP, together with an inorganic
phosphate ion, and the release of free energy.
Dehydration of ATP – This reaction reverses the
hydrolysis of ATP by regenerating ATP. This ATP
regeneration requires an input of free energy.
The formation of ATP is illustrated below.
CHECKPOINT
1. What is the difference between Endergonic
and
Exergonic Reactions?
 “Endergonic reactions require an input of
energy. An exergonic reactions releases energy.”
INSTRUCTIONS

1. WORDS WILL BE FLASH ON THE SCREEN

2. ANSWER IF IT IS ENDERGONIC OR EXERGONIC

REACTIONS
1. Photosynthesis
 1. Photosynthesis

ENDERGONIC REACTION
2. Cellular Respiration
2. Cellular Respiration

EXERGONIC REACTION
2. Cellular Respiration

EXERGONIC REACTION
3. Eating and digestion
3. Eating and digestion

The process of breaking down complex

molecules in food into simpler ones
during digestion involves endergonic
reactions that require energy.
4. Physical Exercise
4. Physical Exercise

Muscle contraction during activities

like running or lifting weights involves
endergonic reactions. The synthesis of
molecules like ATP provides the
necessary energy for muscle
movement
5. Combustion of Fuels
5. Combustion of fuels

Combustion of fuels or other

renewable resources involves
exergonic reactions to generate
energy.
6. Growth and Repair
6. Growth and Repair

The cellular processes responsible for

growth and the repair of tissues and
organs involve endergonic reactions.
For example, the synthesis of new
proteins or DNA requires energy input
QUIZ TIME!
 Directions: Read carefully each
question. Choose the letter of your
best answer and write on a 1/4
sheet of paper.
1. It is a chemical reaction that
requires a net input of energy?

A. Endergonic reaction C. Metabolic

reaction

B. Exergonic reaction D. None of these

2. It is a chemical reaction that
releases energy?

A. Endergonic reaction C. Metabolic

reaction

B. Exergonic reaction D. None of these

3. Which of the following is an
example of endergonic reaction?

A. Photosynthesis C. Anabolic
reaction

B. Cellular respiration D. All of these

4. Which reaction/s are often coupled
in an organism?

A. Endergonic and exergonic C. Hydrolysis and

dehydration

B. Anabolic and catabolic D. All of these

5. Hydrolysis is the addition of water to ATP
breaking the bonds of its phosphate group.
What type of chemical reaction is hydrolysis?

A. Endergonic reaction C. Metabolic reaction

B. Exergonic reaction D. None of these

6. Cells need energy to perform their works.
What type of energy is used by the cell?

A. Adenosine triphosphate C. Adenosine

monophosphate

B. Adenosine diphosphate D. All of these

7. Which of the following works is/are
performed by the cells?

A. Muscle contractions C. Repair of damage

skin

B. Pumping across membranes D. All of these

8. Which of the following is/are component/s of
ATP?

A. Nitrogenous base C. Phosphate group

B. Ribose sugar D. All of these

9. What happens when the chain between the
2nd and 3rd phosphate is broken down?

A. Energy is released C. energy is lost

B. Energy is absorbed D. None of these

10. Which of the three phosphate groups bond
in ATP contains most of energy?

A. First-second C. Both A and B

B. Second-third D. None of these

GOODBYE
CLASS!