Shell and tube heat

exchangers

Juan Andrés Sandoval Herrera

Transferencia de calor II
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Contents
• What is a shell and tube heat exchanger?
• Components
• Flow types
• Pass types
• Example 5
• References
 01
What is a shell
and tube heat
exchanger?
1. Concept
It is an equipment which
extends the idea of concentric
tubular heat exchanger,
increasing heat transfer rate by
means of more inner tubes and
a big shell that contains them.
Components

02
Components of the shell and tube heat exchanger
Tube bundle: is the group of tubes inside the shell.
Tube inlet: port which permits fluid enters to the tubes inside the heat
exchanger.
Tube outlet: port which permits fluid goes out of the heat exchanger.
Shell inlet: port which permits the other fluid enters to the shell inside the
heat exchanger.
Shell outlet: port which permits fluid goes out of the heat exchanger’s shell.
Tube sheet: metallic sheet which comprises tubes and is attached to both
heads: left and right, except when the heat exchanger is U bundle.
Baffles: component inside the shell that controls shell’s fluid direction.
 03
Flow types
3. FLOW TYPES
Pass types

04
4.1. Single pass
4.2. Multiple pass
 05
Advantages
and
disadvantages
Principal
applications
06
Evaporators and condensers, oil coolers; in power plants, nuclear power
plants, among others.
 07
Initial
considerations
The arrangement of the tubes influences the efficiency of heat transfer.
Depending on the arrangement, more or less turbulence is generated and
therefore the film coefficient for the shell side changes.
Types of Tube arrangement:

Tomado de: Procesos de transferencia de calor. Donald Kern.

2. Triangular arrangement presents higher pressure drops and is difficult to
maintain, but it has higher turbulence, which increases the film coefficients.
3. There is no way to determine the exact flow area for the shell side, due to
baffles and tube expansion.
4. Surface mass velocity of shell fluid, Gs, varies from the top to the bottom,
because the maximum number of tubes is in the center, but less at the ends.
It is calculated by the next equation:
D I.s = Shell Inner diameter
C’ = Distance between outer
diameter of tubes
B = Distance between baffles
PT = Distance between two
centers of tubes
Procesos de transferencia de calor. Donald Kern.
CONSIDERACIONES INICIALES

Procesos de transferencia de calor. Donald Kern.

8. ACTIVIDAD
CONSULTA
1. ¿Qué son las normas TEMA?
2. ¿Qué significa cabezal flotante?
3. ¿Qué significa “kettle” en el tipo de coraza del intercambiador de
coraza y tubos según TEMA?
4. ¿Cuáles son las características de un intercambiador de tubos en U?
5. Explique los siguientes tipos de intercambiadores:
(a) BEM; (b) AEP; (c) AKT; (d) AES; (e) BEU
BIBLIOGRAFÍA
• Çengel, Y. A., & Ghajar, A. J. (2011). Transferencia de calor y
masa: fundamentos y aplicaciones, cuarta edición. McGraw-Hill
Interamericana.

• Kakac, S., Liu, H., & Pramuanjaroenkij, A. (2020). Heat

exchangers: selection, rating, and thermal design. CRC press.
Thank you so
much