Introduction to

METROLOGY
Understanding about Metrology

Metrology Terminologies
Metrology is the

“science of measurement and

its application”
Metrology

establishes a common
understanding of units
Metrology

increases knowledge, protects people,

governs transaction, enables our
industries to be innovating and
competitive
before Metrology

there is no exact measurement

history of Feet

feet was based a marble copy of the king’s foot

on the king’s foot was basis of measurement
history of Feet

“stand at the door of a church on a Sunday and bid 16

men to stop, tall ones and small ones, as they happen
to pass out when the service is finished; then make
them put their left feet one behind the other, and the
length thus obtained shall be a right and lawful rood
to measure and survey the land with, and the 16th
part of it shall be the right and lawful foot” -
Geometrei. Von künstlichem Feldmessen und absehen
(16th cent)
realization of Metrology

on May 20, 1875,

Meter Convention was formed
to coordinate international
metrology and for coordinating
the development of the metric
system
International System of Units (SI)

is the modern form of the

metric system, and is the most
widely used system of
measurement
Metrology Terminologies
Measurement is

process of experimentally
obtaining one or more
quantity values that can
reasonably be attributed
to a quantity
Calibration is

operation that, under specified conditions, in

a first step, establishes a relation between the
quantity values with measurement
uncertainties provided by measurement
standards and corresponding indications with
associated measurement uncertainties and, in
a second step, uses this information to
establish a relation for obtaining a
measurement result from an indication
Adjustment is

set of operations carried out on

a measuring system so that it
provides prescribed indications
corresponding to given values
of a quantity to be measured
Verification is

provision of objective evidence

that a given item fulfils
specified requirements
Validation is

verification, where the

specified requirements are
adequate for an intended use
Accuracy is

closeness of agreement
between a measured quantity
value and a true quantity value
of a measurand
Precision is

closeness of agreement between

indications or measured quantity
values obtained by replicate
measurements on the same or
similar objects under specified
conditions
 Accuracy vs Precision

2
Accuracy vs Precision
Traceability is

property of a measurement result

whereby the result can be related
to a reference through a
documented unbroken chain of
calibrations, each contributing to
the measurement uncertainty
Traceability example
Company A Company A Company A
NMI A LAB A Standard Equipment Product

SI Unit
of Length Result

NMI B LAB B Company B Company B Company B

Standard Equipment Product
National Metrology Institute

have the responsibility of

maintaining national measurement
standards and disseminating the
international System of Units
nationally
why calibrate?

section 16 of RA 9236 prohibits

anyone to use measuring
equipment in commerce that are
not calibrated or gives
inappropriate results
why calibrate?

RA 9236 gives authority to the LGU

to monitor and/or confiscate
measuring equipment used in
commerce that are not calibrated
or gives inappropriate results
why calibrate?

RA 7160 gives the LGU the power

to charge fees on sealing and
licensing of weights and measures
(Section 148)
Section 148 of RA 7160

The sangguniang bayan shall prescribe the necessary regulations for the use of such
weights and measures, subject to such guidelines as shall be prescribed by the
Department of Science and Technology. The sanggunian concerned shall, by
appropriate ordinance, penalize fraudulent practices and unlawful possession or use
of instruments of weights and measures and prescribe the criminal penalty therefor in
accordance with the provisions of this Code. Provided, however, that the sanggunian
concerned may authorize the municipal treasurer to settle an offense not involving the
commission of fraud before a case therefor is filed in court, upon payment of a
compromise penalty of not less than Two hundred pesos (P200.00).