SCAFFOLDING SAFETY

29 CFR 1910.28
29 CFR 1926.452

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 Topics to be discussed….
Scaffold Design Requirements
Scaffold Erection Requirements
Scaffold Alteration Requirements
Scaffold Dismantling Requirements
Safe Usage of Scaffolding
Tagging System
Scaffolding Inspection Checklist
Scaffolding Permit
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 What is Scaffolding?
Scaffold is an
elevated temporary
work platform used for
supporting workers (or)
materials (or) both.
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 Parts of Scaffolding
1. Standard
2. Ledger
3. Transom
4. Cross Bracing
5. Top Rail
6. Mid Rail
7. Toe Board
8. Brick Guard
9. Base Plate & Sole Plate

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 Basic Parts of Scaffolding

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Top Rail, Mid Rail & Toe Board

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Brick Guard

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Cross Bracing

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Base Plate

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 Types of Scaffolding
• There are three basic types of scaffolds:
Supported scaffolds, which consist of one or
more platforms supported by rigid, load- bearing
members, such as poles, legs, frames, outriggers,
etc.
• Suspended scaffolds, which are one or more
platforms suspended by ropes or other non-rigid,
overhead support.
• Other scaffolds, principally man lifts, personnel
hoists, etc., which are sometimes thought of as
vehicles or machinery, but can be regarded as
12 another type of supported scaffold. 03/07/24
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 Supported Scaffolds
Supported scaffolds consist of one or more platforms
supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, posts,
frames, or similar rigid support.
1.Frame (or) Fabricated Scaffold
2.Mobile Scaffold
3.Ladder Jack Scaffold
4.Pump Jack Scaffold
5.Tube & Coupler Scaffold
6.Pole Scaffold

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 Frame (or) Fabricated Mobile

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 Mobile Scaffold
Braced to prevent collapse.
Casters and wheels locked to prevent
movement while in a stationary position.
Platforms must not extend beyond the
base supports of the scaffold, unless
stability is ensured.
Not allowed to ride on scaffolds unless
the surface on which scaffold is being
moved is free of pits, holes and
obstructions.
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 Suspended Scaffolds
• Single Point
• Two Point
• Multi Point
• Catenary
• Interior Hung
• Needle Beam
• Multi Level
• Float
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 Single Point Two point

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 Multi Point Catenary

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 Suspended Scaffold Safety
Counterweights
secured, and not
removed until
scaffold
disassembled
Tiebacks secured to
sound anchorage on
the building or
structure
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 Other Scaffolds – Aerial Lift

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 Aerial Lift
Ensure proper fall
protection prior to using
Includes use of
guardrails
Never exceed load capacity
Do not move lift truck with
workers in basket unless
adequately designed (upper
controls – personnel
carriers)
Brakes set for outrigger use
(wheels chocked)

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 Scaffold Competent Person
Inspect scaffolding and
components prior to each
work shift
Determine possibility of
providing fall protection
and access
Evaluate connections to
support load
Determine structural
soundness
Train erectors and
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dismantlers to recognize 03/07/24
work hazards
Scaffold Tagging System

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 Red Tag….

Indicates the
scaffold has
not been
inspected or is
not safe for
use
“DO NOT USE
SCAFFOLD”
message must
be visible

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 Green Tag….
Indicates scaffold

2
TANK 105 is complete, has
been inspected,
6

A. SULAIMAN A. SULAIMAN A. SULAIMAN A. SULAIMAN

Ahmed SulaimanAhmed Sulaiman Ahmed Sulaiman

673-2400 673-2400 673-2400
Ahmed Sulaiman
673-2400
and is safe for
233100 233100 233100 233100
use at the time of
K. SALEH K. SALEH K. SALEH K. SALEH
Khaled Saleh Khaled Saleh Khaled SalehKhaled Saleh
inspection
673-2308 673-2308 673-2308 673-2308
431056 431056 431056 431056

Insert fits 2/14/02 2/28/02 3/14/02 3/28/02 GREEN scaffold

into holder tag valid for a
maximum of two
weeks
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 Indicates scaffold
Yellow Tag…. has been
inspected and
may be used only
by workers
wearing a
properly anchored

TANK 105 personal fall
2

K. SALEH
6
arrest system,
including a full
A. SULAIMAN
Ahmed Sulaiman Khaled Saleh
673-2308
673-2400 431056
233100
4/10/02 body harness and
Insert fits lanyard
into
holder YELLOW scaffold
tag valid for two
weeks maximum
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 Displaying of Tag….
RED scaffold tag (holder) to be
built into scaffold, near each point
of access, by scaffold craftsmen

Only qualified scaffold

craftsmen are allowed on a
scaffold with a RED scaffold tag

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 If Scaffold EQUAL TO or LESS THAN 6
meters (20 feet) high:

Scaffold Supervisor signs

GREEN or YELLOW scaffold
tag(s) and prints date when next
inspection is due

“Date of next inspection”

must not be more than 2
weeks ahead

Supervisor inserts the signed

GREEN or YELLOW tag(s) into
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the RED holder(s) 03/07/24
 If Scaffold MORE THAN 6 meters

(20 feet) tall:

Scaffold Supervisor signs tag(s)
and leaves “Date of Next
Inspection” blank
Supervisor gives the signed
GREEN or YELLOW tag(s) to a
Scaffold Inspector

• All Scaffold Inspectors and

Scaffold Supervisors MUST BE
CERTIFIED

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 If Scaffold MORE THAN 6 meters

(20 feet) tall:

Scaffold Inspector inspects
scaffold
As soon as possible after Scaffold
Supervisor’s inspection

Scaffold Inspector also fills in and

signs separate “Scaffold Field
Inspection Checklist”

Inspector gives this checklist to Work

Permit Issuer’s unit, who will keep it
until scaffold is taken down
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 If Scaffold MORE THAN 6 meters

(20 feet) tall:

If Scaffold Inspector agrees that
scaffold is safe to use, he will:

Fill in and sign GREEN or

YELLOW scaffold tag(s)
• Previously given to him by Scaffold
Supervisor

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 Scaffold Erection Requirement
Only competent & experienced person
must be permitted to erect & dismantle
the scaffolding at site.

Guardrails, mid rails & toe boards

must be placed on all open side of
platforms more than 1.2 meters above
ground (or) floor.
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 Scaffold Erection Requirement
The top rail must be placed approximately
1200 mm high from the platform.

The mid rail must be placed approximately

600 mm high from the platform.

The toe board must be placed

approximately 300 mm from the platform.

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Top Rail, Mid Rail & Toe Board

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 Scaffold Erection Requirement
All scaffolds shall be provided with an access ladder
that extends to at least 1 meter above the platform.

Platforms should be 220mm wide & 25mm thick

and it should be tightened with scaffolding to
prevent movements in high winds.

Scaffolds should be cleaned after the completion of

work.

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 Scaffold Erection Requirement
Should be on a firm foundation with
base plates.
Should be properly braced & tied up.
Should have a properly tightened
platform.
Should have guardrails over 1.2 meters.
Should have adequate means of ingress
& egress.
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Ladder Safety
 Scaffold Erection Requirement
• Must be able to
support its own weight
and 4 times the
maximum intended
load.
• Scaffolds must be
designed by a
qualified person.

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 Scaffold Erection Requirement
Any scaffold damaged or
weakened from any cause
shall be immediately repaired
and shall not be used until
repairs have been completed.

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 Planking
All planking or platforms shall be
overlapped (minimum 12 inches) or
secured from movement.

Scaffold planks shall extend over their

end supports not less than 6 inches nor
more than 18 inches.

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 Platform Construction
No paint on wood platforms, except
edges that may be marked for
identification.
Fully planked.
No mixed components, unless compatible
and integrity maintained.
No modification of mixed components
unless approved by competent person.

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 Common Scaffold Safety Tips
Never use
scaffolds that
do not have
proper
guardrails
installed

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 Common Scaffold Safety Tips
Must bear on
adequate
foundations

Unstable objects
will not be used as
working platforms

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 Common Scaffold Safety Tips
Lifeline
support must
be checked
for
compatibility
prior to use.
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Life Line

LIFE LINE

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 Access
Must have safe
access
Cross-braces
prohibited as means
of access
Rest platforms
required at 35 feet
intervals
Slip-resistant on all
steps and landings
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 PFAS
Workers must be
trained how to
properly use PFAS.
PFAS include
anchorage, lifeline and
full body harness with
double lanyard.
Both Active &
Passive Fall
Protection.
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 Restrictions
Don’t overloaded.
Don’t Erect & move near power lines .
Repair damaged components.
Restrict horizontal movement of workers
unless provided with fall protection.
Prohibit work activities during high
winds unless authorized.
Remove whole scaffold from service
until repaired.
Note – Scaffolds must be erected 10 feet
away of the overhead power line with
300 volts to 50KV.

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 Over Head Power Lines
Proper clearance near overhead lines

Keep 10 foot minimum unless de-energized,

Relocated, or installed protective covering
installed!
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 Restrictions
No work on
snow, or ice
covered
platforms
No barrels,
boxes or ladders
on top of
scaffolds
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 Training Required
Employees must receive training from
qualified person that covers:
Nature of hazards, electrical, falls, and
falling items
Use of scaffold / handling
Maximum intended load and load
carrying capabilities of scaffold
Procedures for setup, dismantling or
moving the system

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In General….
Follow the manufacturer's instructions when erecting the
scaffold.
Do not work on scaffolds outside during stormy or windy
weather.
Do not climb on scaffolds that wobble or lean to one side.
Initially inspect the scaffold prior to mounting it. Do not use a
scaffold if any pulley, block, hook or fitting is visibly worn,
cracked, rusted or otherwise damaged.
Do not use any scaffold tagged "Out of Service".
Do not work on platforms or scaffolds unless they are fully
planked.
Do not use a scaffold unless guardrails and all flooring are in
place.
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 In General….
Do not walk or work beneath a scaffold unless a wire mesh
has been installed between the top rail and the toe board or
planking.
Use your safety belts and lanyards when working on
scaffolding at a height.
Attach the lanyard to a secure member of the scaffold.
Do not climb the cross braces for access to the scaffold. Use
the ladder.
Do not jump from, to, or between scaffolding.
Do not move a mobile scaffold if anyone is on the scaffold.
Chock the wheels of the rolling scaffold, using the wheel
blocks, and also lock the wheels by using your foot to depress
the wheel-lock, before using the scaffold.
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 Resources
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/scaffolding/
index.html
http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/
owadisp.show_document?
p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9720
http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/safetytopics/
scaffoldinginfo.htm
Scaffold Safety Hand book – Saudi Aramco

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