Computerized

Communication/
Information
and
Communication
Technology

Presented by Bridgette Lecky, M.Sc.

 ICT Defined
• Information and communications technology (ICT) is often
used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT),
but is a more specific term that stresses the role of unified
communications and the telecommunications (telephone lines
and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise
software, storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users
to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.
• Information Communication Technology (ICT) is a generic
name used to describe a range of technologies for gathering,
storing, retrieving, processing, analysing, and transmitting
information.
 ICT in Business
ICT in a business environment can be used for:
• Recording Data, Storing data, Manipulating data and Retrieving data
ICT is Used in
• Administration- Invoices, Communication, Emails
• Business, Finance and Accounting- Business Plans, Financial
forecasting, Auditing, Market Analysis, Research, Recording
Transactions
• Communications- email, instant messages, mobile phones
• Engineering and Creative Art- 2D and 3D Drawing, Modelling,
Simulation
• Wildlife and Tourism and Hospitality- Animal Tracking, Hotel
booking, GIS
• ICT has frequently been thought to be the driving force
behind today’s economy.
• It is generally felt that there is a direct relationship between
investment in ICT and productivity improvements, which
include
– better customer service
– greater product variety
– shorter response time
– enhanced product quality; and
– better customization of products and services.
 Changing Business Landscape
The term “global”
includes: global
markets, global
customers, global
suppliers, global
shareholders, and
global opportunities.
Highly competitive
with
companies competing
across national
boundaries
Global reach of Internet
Technology: mobile phones
can handle Internet
communications
Pervasive Computing- idea
of putting powerful
computer chips and
functions into everyday
things such as cars or
household appliances.
Fridges can now scan
itself and inform you to
procure goods online using
GPS and location
technologies
 How ICT improves
efficiency
• Speed- Quicker processing times saves the
business time and money. Transactions are
processed on quicker on real-time
• Accuracy- with the use of verification and
validation, data can be inputted more accurately.
This can help with decision making.
• Data Handling- Can be inputted and manipulated
anywhere on the market
• User friendly- Easy to use
• Capacity- Large quantity of data can be held with
very little physical space
Types of Computerized
Communication/ ICT
• Teleconferencing
• Text Messaging
• Internet
• Intranet
• E-mail
• Video Conferencing
• Web conferencing
• Blogs
• Podcasting
• Discussion Boards
• Whatsapp
Teleconferencing

• Teleconferencing is interactive
group communication (three or
more people in two or more
locations) through an electronic
medium.
Teleconferencing

• In general terms, teleconferencing

can bring people together under
one roof even though they're
separated by hundreds of miles.
Teleconferencing
continued
• Teleconferencing is the most
common type of distance meeting
in which participants can
communicate by phone from
different locations.
Teleconferencing
continued
• In many cases, speaker telephones
are used for conference calls
among the participants. A two-way
radio system can also be used. In
some remote areas, satellite
enhancement of connections is
desirable.
 Text Messaging
• Sending short text messages to a device
such as a cell phone or pager
• Used for messages that are no longer than
a few hundred characters
• Usually applied to messaging that takes
place between two or more mobile devices
 What Is the Internet?
• A network of networks, joining many government,
university and private computers together and
providing an infrastructure for the use of E-mail,
bulletin boards, file archives, hypertext
documents, databases and other computational
resources
• The vast collection of computer networks which
form and act as a single huge network for
transport of data and messages across distances
which can be anywhere from the same office to
anywhere in the world.
 What is Intranet?
• Internal company network that uses Internet
standards (HTML, HTTP & TCP/IP protocols) &
software.

• Accessed only by authorized persons, especially

members or employees of the organization
 Applications of
Intranet
• Sharing of company policies/rules & regulations
• Access employee database
• Distribution of circulars/Office Orders
• Access product & customer data
• Sharing of information of common interest
• Launching of personal/departmental home pages
• Submission of reports
• Corporate telephone directories
 Disadvantages
Management  A company may not have person to update their
problem Intranet on a routine basis
 Fear of sharing information and the loss of control
 Limited bandwidth for the business
Security  Unauthorized access
problem  Abuse of access
 Denial of service
Productivity  Information overload lowers productivity
problem  True purpose of the Intranet is unknown to many
employees/departments
 Hidden or unknown complexity and costs
e-Mail

The electronic exchange of

messages and computer
files between computers
that are connected to the
Internet or Intranet.
Videoconferencing
 What is
videoconferencing?
• A videoconference is an interactive
meeting between two or more
people using video linkups at two or
more sites.
 What is
videoconferencing?
• Videoconferencing combines both visual
and verbal communication so conference
participants can see and hear each other
at the same time by using a video monitor.
 What is
videoconferencing?
 Video conferencing can transmit
pictures as well as voices through video
cameras and computer modems. Video
conferencing technology is developing
rapidly, capitalizing on the increasingly
powerful capabilities of the internet.
Web Conferencing
Web Conferencing
• This is the use of compact
cameras and microphones
attached to personal or laptop
computers to send and receive
audio and video messages
transmitted over the internet.
Web Conferencing
continued
• In a web conference, each
participant sits at his or her own
computer, and is connected to
other participants via the internet.
 Web Conferencing
continued
• This can be either a downloaded
application on each of the attendees
computers or a web-based application
where the attendees will simply enter
a "URL" or website meeting address to
enter the live meeting or conference.
A Type of Web
Conference
 A webinar is a type of web
conference, that tends to be mostly
one-way, from the speaker to the
audience with limited audience
interaction, such as in a Webcast,
which is transmission of information
in one direction only, like watching a
concert on the internet.
• Web logs or blogs are web-based journals.
• Often used by individuals or groups to
maintain a record of thoughts, pictures, and
interests.
 Podcasting
• A method of publishing files to the Internet,
allowing users to subscribe to a feed and
receive new files automatically by
subscription, usually at no cost.
• Used largely for audio files.
• Podcasts can be audio or video.
• Podcasting does not require a media player.
 Discussion Boards or Forums
An online bulletin board where users can
receive feedback from posted messages

• Two types of discussion boards:

– Moderated
• An administrator or moderator ensure the
discussion stays on topic and conforms to
netiquette rules
– Unmoderated
• No administrator or moderator, which may
allow discussion to degenerate
 WhatsApp
• Whatsapp had become the largest
messaging platform all around the world.
• Whatsapp Inc. was founded by Jan
Koum and Brain Acton, who was the
former employees at Yahoo Inc.
• It is processing more than 30 billion
messages everyday
 WhatsApp
• Whatsapp was initially started for Android
mobile devices and soon come over to Windows,
iOS, Blackberry OS.
• This further helped it to increase its popularity
through out the world.
• this made Facebook the largest social networking
website to purchase this application at a
handsome price of US $19 billion on 19th
February, 2014.
Easy way of Connectivity
• Whatsapp has become the largest
messaging app, and it is just because it
has allowed people to come closer to
each other.
• There are some people who are not
involved in any work, and such people are
only addicted to whatsapp, not everyone.
Easy way of Connectivity
• In a world, where people don’t have time to
meet friends, whatsapp has allowed people
to share their problems with friends on
messaging platform regardless of time and
location.
• Whatsapp is now even used by many firms
and organizations for sharing of important
information among employees.
Advantages of WhatsApp

• You can easily send free messages to

any part of the world without any
charges. This service is completely free.
• All tools provided by Whatsapp are very
easy to use.
• It does not have any advertisements on
display screen.
Advantages of WhatsApp

• This app automatically imports the

contacts from your phone and tells you
that how many of your friends are using
Whatsapp.
• You can share your location, photos,
status with your friends. You need not
spend any money for chatting and
sharing with your friends.
Disadvantages of WhatsApp
• You can chat to friends that only have
smart phones supporting this application
and to friends having their account on
Whatsapp.
• You must have access to internet to
send and receive messages for free and
the messages are not sent to the phone
inbox.