FACTORS THAT

AFFECT CLIMATE
-LATITUDE-

ESTORBA AND PINO

LATITUDE
- is the angular distance measured north or
south from the Earth's equator, which is
designated as 0 degrees latitude. The
range of latitudes spans from 90 degrees
north at the North Pole to 90 degrees
south at the South Pole.
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HOW DOES
LATITUDE AFFECT
CLIMATE?
Latitude significantly influences climate by
determining the angle and intensity of sunlight
received at different locations on Earth. This
variation in solar energy absorption due to latitude
plays a crucial role in shaping regional climates
worldwide.
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• Near the equator (lower

latitudes), where the sun's
rays strike more directly,
temperatures tend to be
warmer, resulting in
tropical climates.

• Moving towards higher

latitudes, the angle of
sunlight decreases, leading
to cooler temperatures and a
greater seasonal variation in
climate.

CLIMATIC ZONES
Tropical Regions (0-23.5 degrees latitude):
• Located near the equator, these areas experience
high temperatures year-round.
• Tropical climates often feature lush rainforests and
consistent warmth, with minimal temperature
variations.
6
Subtropical Regions (23.5-35 degrees latitude):
• Slightly farther from the equator, these regions still
experience warm temperatures, but with more
seasonal variations.
• Subtropical climates may include arid or semi-arid
conditions, leading to the formation of deserts in some
areas.

CLIMATIC ZONES
Temperate Regions (35-66.5 degrees latitude):
• Characterized by more distinct seasons, temperate
climates have warm to hot summers and cool to cold
winters.
• Deciduous forests, grasslands, and diverse
ecosystems are common in these regions.
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Polar Regions (66.5-90 degrees latitude):
• Near the poles, temperatures are consistently cold,
with polar climates experiencing extreme winter
conditions.
• Arctic and Antarctic regions fall into this category,
featuring ice caps, tundra, and minimal vegetation.
MAJOR CIRCLES OF
LATITUDE
1.Equator:
• The Equator is at 0 degrees latitude and marks the
midpoint between the North and South Poles. It receives
the most direct sunlight, resulting in a generally warm
climate.

2.Tropic of Cancer:
• Located approximately 23.5 degrees north of the
equator, the Tropic of Cancer marks the northernmost
point where the sun appears directly overhead during
the summer solstice.
MAJOR CIRCLES OF
LATITUDE
3. Tropic of Capricorn:
• Positioned about 23.5 degrees south of the equator, the
Tropic of Capricorn denotes the southernmost point where
the sun is directly overhead during the summer solstice.

4. Arctic Circle:
• Situated at approximately 66.5 degrees north of the
equator, the Arctic Circle marks the region where, at least
once a year, the sun does not set during the summer
solstice and does not rise during the winter solstice..
MAJOR CIRCLES OF
LATITUDE

5. Antarctic Circle:
• Found at approximately 66.5 degrees south of the
equator, the Antarctic Circle signifies the area
where, at least once a year, the sun does not rise
during the summer solstice and does not set during
the winter solstice.
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