GENDER BIAS

• Gender bias means that one gender is treated in a more or less

favorable way, based on gender stereotypes rather than real
differences
• Gender bias occurs due to a set of beliefs that one gender is superior
or inferior to the others. Gender bias can affect society in numerous
ways, for instance, pay discrepancies.
• There are two main types of gender bias in psychology that you need
to know about, alpha and beta bias.
• Alpha bias in gender refers to the exaggeration of the differences
between men and women. Alpha bias emphasizes the stereotypical
differences or characteristics between men and women
• Beta Bias just opposite to Alpha .It refers to the minimization of the
differences between men and women
 Women Entrepreneur
• Frederick Harbison – “Any women or group of women which
innovates, initiates or adopts an economic activity may be called
women entrepreneurship”.
• According to J. Schumpeter, “Women who innovate, initiate or adopt
business actively are called women entrepreneurs.”
Example for gender bias
• Stereotyping: Assuming that certain traits or characteristics are inherently linked to a
specific gender. For instance, the belief that women are naturally more nurturing and
emotional, while men are more aggressive and assertive.

• Hiring and Promotion: When employers or decision-makers favor candidates of a particular

gender for certain job positions or promotions, even if other candidates of a different
gender are equally qualified.

• Pay Gap: Unequal pay for men and women holding the same position, despite having
similar qualifications and experience.

• Leadership Roles: Assuming that men are more suitable for leadership roles and, as a result,
offering fewer opportunities for women to advance into leadership positions.
• Household Chores: Assigning household chores or child-rearing
responsibilities based on gender stereotypes, leading to an unequal
distribution of domestic work.

• Language: Using language that reinforces gender stereotypes, such as using

"he" as a default pronoun for a generic person, or using gendered language
to describe certain professions (e.g., "fireman" instead of "firefighter").

• Media Representation: Portraying men and women in stereotypical roles in

the media, which can perpetuate gender biases and influence how society
perceives each gender's capabilities and interests.
Education: Encouraging or discouraging students from pursuing certain fields of study or extracurricular activities based on
their gender.

Sexual Harassment: Tolerating or excusing inappropriate behavior or harassment based on gender, creating a hostile
environment for the targeted gender.

Parental Leave: Offering different parental leave policies for mothers and fathers, which may reinforce traditional gender roles
and hinder work-life balance for both genders.
• Jyoti Naik was 12 years old when she joined her mother in the business of making papad (a
thin, crisp, round flatbread from India) in the early seventies.

• The brand they worked for, Shri Mahila Griha Udyog Lijjat Papad, was started by seven
women way back in 1959 with a modest loan of Rs.80.

• Eventually she became president in 1999, where she helped build a sustainable business
model within the company and employed many village women.

• It serves to equip Indian women with dignity, self-reliance and self-respect.

It is now manufactures and sells various products including:

Papad
Spices
Wheat flour
Detergent powder
Detergent cake
Liquid detergent

• With the help of Jyoti, Lijjat Papad has become an entrepreneurial success story employing
over 43,000 and has 81 branches across the country. It also includes a turnover of over USD
100 million.

During her tenure, Jyoti received many awards and accolades including ‘Vandemataram
Rashtriya Seva Award’ and a PHDCCI Brand Equity Award given to her by Dr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam.
 Features of Women Entrepreneurs
• Factors • Reason to become Entrepreneur
• Small Investment • To became Entrepreneur due to economic
problem
• Small facilities • To security oriented
• Mostly Married • To become economically independent
• To establish their own enterprise
• Very ambitious
• To establish their identity in the society
• Not well educated • To achieve Excellency in their endeavor
• Hard working • To build confidence to themselves
• To develop risk assuming ability
• Dedication • To claim equal status in the society
• Leadership qualities • To secure greater freedom and mobility
Successful women entrepreneurs
• Falguni Nayar - Founder of Nykaa: Falguni Nayar is the founder and
CEO of Nykaa, a popular e-commerce platform for beauty and
wellness products. Under her leadership, Nykaa has grown into a
leading beauty retail brand in India.

• Vandana Luthra - Founder of VLCC: Vandana Luthra is the founder of

VLCC (Vandana Luthra Curls & Curves), a wellness and beauty services
company. VLCC operates in various countries and offers services such
as beauty treatments, weight management, and skin care.
• Shradha Sharma - Founder of Your Story: Shradha Sharma is the
founder of YourStory, a media platform that focuses on covering stories
of startups, entrepreneurs, and innovators in India. YourStory has
played a significant role in promoting the startup ecosystem in the
country.
• Upasana Taku - Co-founder of MobiKwik: Upasana Taku is the co-
founder of MobiKwik, a digital wallet and payment services platform
that has gained widespread popularity in India.
• Ritu Kumar - Founder of Ritu Kumar Designs: Ritu Kumar is a renowned
fashion designer and the founder of Ritu Kumar Designs, a leading
fashion label in India.