Abb Latam - Crp1 GL

MARCH 09
ABB ANDES Project

CRP1 – General Ledger
Hamilton Luchesi, Wipro Consultant
Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted
Agenda
General Ledger
• Organizational Structure
• Master Data
• Business Process Flow
• Main Business Scenarios
• Closing Processes
• Reports
March 28, 2024 Slide 2

FI – Organizational Structure
Organizational Structure – is organization structure that represents entire business structure in SAP Organization units are mapped to business structure
bases on some business requirements such as Client, Company Code, Controlling Area, Chart of Accounts and Credit Control Area.
Below are the organizational units related SAP FI Modules:
• Client - Highest hierarchical level in SAP. Can be used to differentiate between a development, quality assurance, and production system within
SAP.
• Controlling Area- An organizational unit within a corporation in which comprehensive independent management accounting can be performed.
• Chart of Accounts - is a structure containing the G/L accounts used by one or more company codes. For each G/L account, the chart of accounts
shows the account number, the account name, and information that determines the function of the account and that controls how the account is
created in the company code and in the controlling area.
• Company Code - Represents a legal/tax entity. Level of external reporting or legal sets of books. Is assigned to: Credit Control Area, Financial
management area-treasury and Departmental Accounting/Cost Center area to allow for centralized or decentralized departmental reporting
(Controlling Area).
• Credit Control Area - The credit control area serves as the main hub where decisions on customer credit are made. It specifies and checks the limit
for each individual customer in both accounts receivable and sales and distribution.

Organizational Structure
CLIENT
Controlling Area Operating Concern Area Chart Of Accounts Credit Control Area Chart Of Depreciation
Purchase Organization Company Code
Purchase Group
Plants Sales Organization
Storage Location Distribution Channel Sales Office Sales Groups
Shipping Points Division

Client
Client - Highest hierarchical level in SAP.
Development Production
SAP landscape: Development –> Quality –> Production Quality System
System System
LAQ
LAD LAP
The Clients are 100, 101, 200, 201 and 300.

SAP systems.
100 101 200 201 300

Credit Control Area
Credit Control Area Definition XPTO Cia.

Overall Credit Limit $
1.000.000,00
Organizational element that controls and Individual Limit $ 600.000,00
monitors credit limits of customers.
Credit Control Area Credit Control Area

BR20 BR30
Template credit control area structure Limit $ 400.000,00 Limit $ 600.000,00
Company Code
Company Code
BR30
BR20

Operating Concern and Controlling Area
Operating Concern
Area : BR10
Operating Concern Area Definition
Organizational element for which the sales market is structured

in a uniform manner for CO-Profitabilty Analysis component. Controlling Area: BR20 Controlling Area : BR30
Controlling Area Definition
Organizational element which is responsible for Company Code : BR20 Company Code : BR30
management of costs and profits.

Chart of Accounts
Chart of Accounts – S_ALR_87012326 tcode
The Chart of Accounts (COA) is a list of General

Ledger account's master.
The Chart of Accounts is defined at the client level and

assigned to each company code.
The Chart of Accounts defined in template is “BR0”.
The length of the G/L accounts are 10 caracteres and follow

the Zurich pattern in the first four digits.

Chart of Accounts
TCODE Chart of Accounts – S_ALR_87012326
In SAP , Tcode means Transaction Code and it is shortcut to

access a process in the system.
The tcode : S_ALR_87012326 calls a program that list the

accounts in a chart of accounts.

Chart of Accounts
GL Account Group – “BR0”
The Account Groups determine the interval in which the

account number must be and which fields are required and
optional entries when creating and changing master records.
GL Account Group is mandatory when creating a GL acount

master data.

Fiscal Year Variant
Fiscal Year Variant – K4
The Fiscal Year Variant used is K4.

The Fiscal Year is the Calendar Year.
There are 4 special periods for accouting adjustments.

Ledgers
Ledger Non-Leading Ledgers
A general ledger account is an account or record used to sort, store The non-leading ledgers are parallel ledgers to the leading
and summarize a company's transactions. ledger.
There are 2 non-leading ledgers defined: 1L and 2L.

Leading Ledger
Ledger 1L used for ABACUS.
Ledger 2L used for Asset Act adjustments.
In the Leading Ledger all the postings are taken as primarily
and default.
It is based on accounting principles that is used for the

consolidation of financial statements.
Leader Ledger in SAP system is defined as 0L.

Ledgers
Reporting from
Non Leading
Posting Copied to Manual Posting to Ledger 1L
Non Leading Non Leading
Ledger 1L Ledger 1L
Posting
Leading
Ledger 0L
Posting Copied to Manual Posting to Reporting from

Non Leading Non Leading Non Leading
Ledger 2L Ledger 2L Ledger 2L
Reporting from
Leading Ledger

Currency
Understanding currency types in SAP FI is critical for both users and consultants. If a user does not understand the
currency types, then they will book entries wrong. If the consultant does not understand them, then serious valuation
problems can result.
Consider the following:
We have a Brazil affiliate of a Swiss corporation that is procuring supplies from Germany affiliate. The contract is
denominated for 500 EUR, but the company reports tax locally in BRL, and operating results from all countries are
consolidated into USD.
What currency should the contract be tracked in? The answer, of course, is EUR, BRL, and USD. SAP gives us the
flexibility to account in different currencies for different purposes.
Document Local Group

EUR BRL USD
500,00 100,00 450,00

Currency
Document Currency
The document currency is the currency of the transaction which depends on the structure of the transaction. In our
example, we’re legally obligated to pay 500 currency is EUR. This currency is actually set on the document at the time
of the transaction.

Currency
Local Currency
The local currency is the currency of the company code which represents the legal entity in a ‘standard’ SAP
configuration. This currency is used to comply with local tax reporting requirements as well as representing the
functional currency.
Company Code Currency

Currency
Group Currency
To enable reporting across all entities in an SAP

environment – for doing comparative metrics and
quick estimations – you can use the group
currency.
The group currency is set at the client and is

consistent across all company codes. You can see
the configuration below.
Group Currency

Open Posting Periods Variant
Open Posting Periods Variant
The control of open and closed periods for postings is done in

the variant.
In the template model each company has its own variant.

Company Code
Company Code Definition
Company Code - Organizational element that represents a

legal/tax entity.
Important information is inserted for each company: Address,

Country, Language and Currency *

Company Code
Company Code Global Data
Credit Control Area – One for each Country

Company – BRAUP – Group Trading Partner–template
FM Area – BR20 template
Fiscal Year Variant – K4 – template
Global Code- BR20 template
Fields Status Variant – BR00 template
Posting Period Variant – BR20 template

Master Data
GL Account Master Data
G/L Account
General Ledger Account consists of the following
segments:
Chart of Account : BR0
G/L Account : 3213214703
- Chart of accounts segment Short Text: Property Tax
- Company code segment Chart of accounts TABS:

segment TYPE/DESCRIPTION
KEY
WORD/TRANSLATION
INFORMATION
- Chart of accounts segment

The chart of accounts area contains the data that is valid
Company Code : BR20 Company Code : CLXX
for all company codes, such as the account number. G/L Account : 3213214703 G/L Account : 3213214703
Company Code
segment TABS: TABS:
CONTROL DATA CONTROL DATA
CREATE/BANK/INTEREST CREATE/BANK/INTEREST
INFORMATION INFORMATION
- Company Code segment
The company code specific area contains data that may
vary from one company code to another, such as the
currency in which the account may be posted.

Master Data
G/L Account
G/L Account Chart of Account Data –

Tcode FSP0
Type/Description TAB
Account Group – mandatory

field
Profit & Loss or Balance

sheet account
Short and long description. *

Translate de COA to Spanish.

Master Data
G/L Account

Tcode FSP0
Key word/translation TAB
Translation - * Need add

Spanish

Master Data
G/L Account

Tcode FSP0
Information TAB
History of changes in the chart

of account data segment

Master Data
G/L Account
G/L Account Company Code Data –

Tcode FSS0
Control data TAB
Reconciliation account - Entries can

only be made via auxiliary books
(Customer, Vendors, Fixed Assets)
Open Item Management - Open item means the

line item is open and it's not cleared by a
clearing transaction.
Ex.: bank clearing accounts
Line Item Display - For line item display, the
system lists all the line items for an account

Master Data
G/L Account
Tcode FS00
Create/bank/interest TAB
Fields Status group - Through field status

group, one can define a field as optional,
suppressed, or mandatory.
Post Automatically Only - it means that this account can

only be posted by the system using account
determination and the system will not allow posting the
entries manually for this GL.
Commitment Item - functional grouping of expenditures

and revenues within a Cash Management.

Master Data
G/L Account
Tcode FS00
Information TAB
History of changes in the

company code account data
segment

Master Data
GL Accounts
Accounts Group Classifies the account by grouping it in the number range and identifying the
master data fields that must be filled out.
Reconciliation Accounts It is a link of the auxiliary book and the General Ledger. Any posting to the
auxiliary book generates a posting to the general ledger book via the
account.
Field Status Group Through this parameterization it is possible to define the status of the fields
(optional, mandatory, hidden) in the launch screens. The status is defined
together with the posting key.
Open Itens Management The entry will be settled later by another accounting entry.
Line Item Display Entries can be viewed individually in the account. If this item is not active,
only the account total will be available.
Post Automatically Only Only postings generated directly by the system (Ex .: MM / SD) can be
posted to these accounts.

Main Business Scenarios
Park G/L Account Document for Ledger Group
Tcode FV50L
A Parked G/L account document is a

document that wasn´t carried out in the
accounting.
Ledger Group 2L

Post/Delete Parked G/L Account Document
Tcode FBV0
Transaction FBV0 is used to post or delete a

parked G/L account document.
The users with access to this tcode are the

leaders, approvers.
After verification the document is posted.

Post/Delete Parked G/L Account Document
Tcode FBV0
Transaction FBV0 is used to post or delete a

parked G/L account document.
The users with access to this tcode are the

leaders, approvers.
After verification the document is posted.

Display/Edit a document
FB03/FB02 tcodes
Accounting documents can be displayed or changed

by FB03/FB02 tcodes.
Only some fields can be changed not all.
Dates, amounts, accounts , costs elements can not.
Blank fields can be changed, Payment Terms field

Reverse a document
FB08 tcode
After na accouting document has been posted it can

be reversed.
SAP has the principle that the reversal of na

accounting document must be done in the place that
originated it, ex. finance, purchase, sales,...
FB08
Reverse an reverse document is not possible.

SAP informs that the document has
been reversed.
Reverse a document
FB08 tcode
Reversed document
Reversal document

Reset cleared items Document 100000037 has the item 2 cleared.
FBRA tcode
A clear is the process of post an offset value to an item or

group of items, so that the balance is 0.
The G/L accounts open item managment have clearing

process.

Reset cleared items Reverse cleared items:
FBRA tcode
Clear document

Currency Exchange Rates
OB08 tcode
It is for this tcode that the exchange rate are registered in

the SAP.
There is a daily JOB that does this process.
Exchange rates are downloaded from ABB link.
Exchange Rate Types Imported = M (average), B(selling),

G(purchase).
*Each CoCode maps his necessary Exchange rates.

FI: XLS Accounting Document
ZFIXLS tcode
Its is a development to generate accounting

postings in SAP directly from an file created
by Excel spreadsheet.
The spreadsheet first passes through an

approval Lotus Notes application.
Widely used by accounting for adjustments.

FI - Payroll Accounting Document
ZFIPAY tcode

postings in SAP directly from an file created by
Rhevolution application .
Rhevolution application is responsible for the

payroll.

ADF - SAP interface
ZFIADF tcode

postings in SAP directly from an file created by
ADF application – Lotus Notes.
ADF application is responsible for down payments

to employees.

FI - Wagonlit expenses file Posting/AMEX/Wagonlit expenses file Posting
ZFIWAG / ZAMWAG tcodes
Its is a development to generate accounting travel

expenses postings in SAP directly from TXT files.
Files of AMEX Card and Travel FLYTOUR .
First import
the files - ZAMWAG

FI - Wagonlit expenses file Posting/AMEX/Wagonlit expenses file Posting
ZFIWAG / ZAMWAG tcodes
Second run the

imported files
ZFIWAG

Closing Processes
Posting Period - Specify Time Periods
OB52 tcode
The control of opening and closing accounting postings is

done by the Posting Period Variant.
In the template model each Company Code has its own

Posting Period Variant.
Control is monthly and by type of account; G/L account,

customer, supplier, fixed asset and material.
Only the accounting leader has access to this tcode.

Closing Processes
Automatic Clearing
F.13 tcode
This program clears open items from customer,

vendor and G/L accounts (in
particular,GR/IR clearing accounts) automatic
ally.
It selects all accounts specified in the value sets

that have debit and credit postings according
with customizing.
Speeds up the account reconciliation process

Closing Processes
Automatic Clearing
F.13 tcode
Run test
mode first
Run effective
after if OK

Closing Processes
Foreign Currency Valuation
FAGL_FC_VAL tcode
This program will perform Foreign Currency

Valuation for the postings done in Foreign
Currency.
The program automatically creates the valuation

postings and reversal postings required for open
items.
The valuation posting data is the last day of the

month and the reversal posting data in the first day
of the next month.

Closing Processes
FAGL_FC_VAL tcode
Run test
mode first
Drill Down in the

document number

Closing Processes Postings
FAGL_FC_VAL tcode
Run effective
mode

Closing Processes
Automation of the intra-company profit elimination process
ZFI_ELIM tcode
This process have four phases.

Closing Processes
Carry Forward Receivables/Payables
F.07 tcode
This tcode is used to carry forward the balances

of receivables and payables to the new fiscal year.
Run test
mode first

Closing Processes
Balance Carryforward
FAGLGVTR tcode
Run test
This tcode is used to carry forward the balances of mode first
the general ledger or another ledger to the new fiscal
year.
P&L accounts are carried forward to the retained

earnings account.
No documents are created.
To correct this point template execute another tcode

to create the postings. Nexy slide.
The year-end balance of the P&L accounts are

assigned to 3920244101 - Profit acum.de previous .

Closing Processes
Balance Carryforward Run effective
mode
FAGLGVTR tcode
It is possible to see the effect in the balance of the

3920244101 account. FAGLB03 tcode

Closing Processes
Closing/Opening Postings at Year End
FAGL_IT_02 tcode
This the process to correct the postings of the Balance

Carryforward.
This program creates the following postings: Run test

• Postings for year-end closing of the profit and loss mode first
statements for the fiscal year result
• Postings for closing and opening the balance sheet

accounts for the new fiscal year

Reports
Financial Statements
F.01 tcode
The SAP allow that Financial Statements versions

(structures) to be built.
These strucutues canrepresent the Balance Sheet

(B/S) and Profit and Loss (P&L ) statements.
ZABB – Financial Statement Version
The FSV are created previously.

Reports
F.01 tcode
The reporst can be printed or export direct to

Excel.

Reports
F.01 tcode
The FSV are adapted for each Company Code.

Reports
G/L Account Line Item
FAGLL03 tcode
The report allows drill own

navegation.

Reports
G/L Account Line Item
FAGLL03 tcode
The report allows drill own

navegation.

Reports
G/L Account Balance Display
FAGLB03 tcode
The report display the account balances.
Drilldown
allowed

Reports
ZFIGL_ARIES
ZFIGL_ARIES tcode
This report creates TXT files with information for

Zurich: GLBAL_BRABB, GLTRAN_BRABB and
SLBAL_BRABB

Reports
ZFIO_PBCS
ZFIO_PBCS tcode
Extract movement and balance sheet to PBCS.

ABACUS .
Two files created : BRGAAP and USGAAP

Reports
PCF – Project Cash Flow
tcode
PCF – Project Cash flow for IA – SAP

Add On to extract project and financial
results.

Reports
PCF – Project Cash Flow

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MARCH 09

ABB ANDES Project

March 28, 2024 Slide 2

Below are the organizational units related SAP FI Modules:

March 28, 2024 Slide 3

Purchase Organization Company Code

Plants Sales Organization

Storage Location Distribution Channel Sales Office Sales Groups

Shipping Points Division

March 28, 2024 Slide 4

Client - Highest hierarchical level in SAP.

The Clients are 100, 101, 200, 201 and 300.

March 28, 2024 Slide 5

Credit Control Area Definition XPTO Cia.

Credit Control Area Credit Control Area

March 28, 2024 Slide 6

Organizational element for which the sales market is structured

Controlling Area Definition

March 28, 2024 Slide 7

Chart of Accounts – S_ALR_87012326 tcode

The Chart of Accounts (COA) is a list of General

The Chart of Accounts is defined at the client level and

The Chart of Accounts defined in template is “BR0”.

The length of the G/L accounts are 10 caracteres and follow

March 28, 2024 Slide 8

TCODE Chart of Accounts – S_ALR_87012326

In SAP , Tcode means Transaction Code and it is shortcut to

The tcode : S_ALR_87012326 calls a program that list the

March 28, 2024 Slide 9

GL Account Group – “BR0”

The Account Groups determine the interval in which the

GL Account Group is mandatory when creating a GL acount

March 28, 2024 Slide 10

Fiscal Year Variant – K4

The Fiscal Year Variant used is K4.

March 28, 2024 Slide 11

Ledger Non-Leading Ledgers

There are 2 non-leading ledgers defined: 1L and 2L.

It is based on accounting principles that is used for the

Leader Ledger in SAP system is defined as 0L.

March 28, 2024 Slide 12

Posting Copied to Manual Posting to Reporting from

March 28, 2024 Slide 13

Consider the following:

Document Local Group

March 28, 2024 Slide 14

March 28, 2024 Slide 15

Company Code Currency

March 28, 2024 Slide 16

To enable reporting across all entities in an SAP

The group currency is set at the client and is

March 28, 2024 Slide 17

Open Posting Periods Variant

The control of open and closed periods for postings is done in

In the template model each company has its own variant.

March 28, 2024 Slide 18

Company Code Definition

Company Code - Organizational element that represents a

Important information is inserted for each company: Address,

March 28, 2024 Slide 19

Company Code Global Data

Credit Control Area – One for each Country

March 28, 2024 Slide 20