Activity 1

Twisted Tongue
The Tool at the top of the
pole,
makes the top of the pole,
look tall.
Activity
How much wood would a woodchuck
chuck? If a woodchuck could chuck
wood? He would chuck. He would, as
much as he could and chuck as much
wood as a woodchuck would. If a
woodchuck could chuck wood.
He would.
CUNEIFORM
B A B Y T AY L O R F I N N
READING &
WRITING
SKILLS
Lesson 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
LEARNING OBJECTIVE

• Identify the reading process and

components of reading.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE

• Identify the reading process and

components of reading.
• Differentiate reading strategies
WHAT IS READING?
WHAT IS READING?
• Reading is a cognitive process of
decoding symbols to derive
meaning from text (as in reading a
book or reading music).
Three Components of Reading
Three Components of Reading

• Decoding
Three Components of Reading

• Decoding

• Comprehension
Three Components of Reading

• Decoding

• Comprehension

• Retention
Decoding
Decoding
1.Identification Skill
- every word would have to be recognized by sight to be read.
Repetition is the key to word identification- -repetition of words
appropriate for a student's phase of word learning and level of
skill, repetition of words in context, repetition without tedium.
Decoding
1.Identification Skill
- every word would have to be recognized by sight to be read.
Repetition is the key to word identification- -repetition of words
appropriate for a student's phase of word learning and level of
skill, repetition of words in context, repetition without tedium.

2. Word Attack Skill

- being able to recognize and analyze a printed word to connect it
to the spoken word it represents.
Comprehension
Comprehension

• is the ability to understand

something
Comprehension Difficulties
Comprehension Difficulties
• confusion about the meaning of words and sentences
• inability to connect ideas in a passage
• omission of, or glossing over, detail
• difficulty distinguishing significant information from
minor details
• lack of concentration during reading
Retention
Retention
The condition of retaining (keeping) something. It could
be in the short-term memory or long-term Memory. The
ability to retain, which relies heavily on a child’s
decoding proficiency and ability to comprehend what is
read.
Retention Difficulties
Retention Difficulties
• Trouble remembering or summarizing what is read
• Difficulty connecting what is read to prior knowledge
• Inability to view content from multiple perspectives
• Difficulty applying content of a text to personal
experiences
Factors influencing Reading Ability
Required Skills in Reading
Required Skills in Reading
1. Skills Related to Eye Movement
2. Abilities Related to Visual Discrimination
3. Association Skills (matching, sorting,
describing, and organizing)
4. Interpretation Abilities
The Reading Process
The Reading Process
Prereading stage - It aims to induce the reader’s motivation to read and
to activate their or background knowledge.
The Reading Process
Prereading stage - It aims to induce the reader’s motivation to read and
to activate their or background knowledge.
While-reading stage - Reading the text until you fully understand its
meaning.
The Reading Process
Prereading stage - It aims to induce the reader’s motivation to read and
to activate their or background knowledge.
While-reading stage - Reading the text until you fully understand its
meaning.
Post-reading stage - Checking of understanding
BASIC READING SKILLS
 BASIC READING SKILLS
• Rapid Reading - Aims to locate specific information or main
ideas in a very short span of time.
 BASIC READING SKILLS
• Rapid Reading - Aims to locate specific information or main
ideas in a very short span of time.

Two types of rapid reading

1.1 Skimming
- reading strategy which aims to get the overview of the
paragraph and state its main idea.
- It involves the identification of the central message of a
reading selection.
- Locating the main idea
 Levels of Ideas in a paragraph
The Reading Process
 Levels of Ideas in a paragraph
The Reading Process
Major details - Directly support the main idea
 Levels of Ideas in a paragraph
The Reading Process
Major details - Directly support the main idea
Minor details - Directly support the major Detail
 BASIC READING SKILLS
• Rapid Reading - Aims to locate specific information or main
ideas in a very short span of time.

Two types of rapid reading

1.2 Scanning
- It is a quick reading strategy which aims to get
specific information from a given text.
 BASIC READING SKILLS
• Rapid Reading - Aims to locate specific information or
main ideas in a very short span of time.

2. Previewing
- It is a skill wherein a reader looks over a material and
focuses on the information he/she finds relevant.
- Allows the readers to set the purpose.
 BASIC READING SKILLS
3. Literal Reading - It involves the understanding of
ideas and facts that are directly stated in the printed
material.
 BASIC READING SKILLS
3. Literal Reading - It involves the understanding of
ideas and facts that are directly stated in the printed
material.
3.1 SUMMARIZING
IT IS A READING SKILL
THAT INVOLVES
CONDENSING A LENGTHY
TEXT INTO A SHORTER
PASSAGE WHICH IS
USUALLY15 TO 30
PERCENT OF THE SOURCE
MATERIAL.
 BASIC READING SKILLS
3. Literal Reading - It involves the understanding of
ideas and facts that are directly stated in the printed
material.
3.1 SUMMARIZING 3.2 PARAPHRASING
IT IS A READING SKILL IT INVOLVES RESTATING
THAT INVOLVES IDEAS FROM THE
CONDENSING A LENGTHY ORIGINAL TEXT. A
TEXT INTO A SHORTER PARAPHRASED TEXT
PASSAGE WHICH IS ALSO CITES AND
USUALLY15 TO 30 PRESERVES THE TONE OF
PERCENT OF THE SOURCE THE ORIGINAL TEXT.
MATERIAL.
 BASIC READING SKILLS
4. Inferencial Reading - refers to the process of deducting
facts and ideas not directly expressed in the text.
 BASIC READING SKILLS
4. Inferencial Reading - refers to the process of deducting
facts and ideas not directly expressed in the text.

5. Critical Reading - refers to the close and thorough

evaluation of the claims in terms of relevance, validity, and
logic.